Materials, preparation, and characterization in thermoelectrics

535 Pages·2012·25.086 MB·English

THERMOELECTRICS AND ITS ENERGY HARVESTING
Rowe
THERMOELECTRICS AND ITS ENERGY HARVESTING
MATERIALS, PREPARATION,
MATERIALS, PREPARATION,
CHARACTERIZATION
AND
AND CHARACTERIZATION
M THERMOELECTRICS
IN THERMOELECTRICS IN
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“The selection of topics of comprehensive and thorough, covering topics all the way from 
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recent developments in new materials such as polymer thermoelectrics to module scale  H
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design for solar thermal applications … The writing is clear and thorough, and written at a  A E
L R
suitable level for those learning the field, while still containing advanced topics for members  S M
of the thermoelectric community. … many recent developments in the field into one  , O

reference. … essential and comprehensive reference for researchers in thermoelectrics  P E
R L
as well as for those needing a general overview of this growing field. ... a timely update,  IN E E
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covering many recent developments in the field and incorporating topics important for  TP T
commercialization efforts.” HA R
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— Austin Minnich, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA EA CS
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Materials, Preparation, and Characterization in Thermoelectrics investigates the  MIO AN
upsurge in activity in all aspects of thermoelectric and the rapid advances in nanotechnology  O D
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fueling the development of nano-architectured materials with substantially improved  E, IT
thermoelectric performance. L A S
E N
C D E
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Features: TC E
RH R
• Highlights international efforts to reduce carbon emissions by using thermoelectrics ICA GY
in automobile exhaust heat recovery SR H
A
• Discusses the practical, novel, and truly groundbreaking applications of thermoelectrics C AR
in a range of markets, including the U.S., Europe, Japan, Korea, and India T V
• Provides insight into avenues of scientific and commercially profitable research E E
S
R
• Explores recent developments in thermoelectrics and their application in energy T
I I
harvesting and in reducing global warming Z N
A G
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Divided into three sections: General Principles and Theoretical Considerations; Material 
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Preparation and Measurement; and Commercial, this volume reviews the latest techniques  O
for the preparation of thermoelectric materials employed in energy harvesting. It details  N
advances in the thermoelectric characterization of nanoscale material, including the use of 
neutron beams to investigate phonons, whose behavior governs lattice thermal conductivity. 
The final chapter, “Patent Basics Every Researcher and Engineers Should Know,” offers
crucial information in view of the considerable commercial value of the discoveries and 
D. M. Rowe
innovations of thermoelectricians. Edited by
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ISBN: 978-1-4398-7470-7
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THERMOELECTRICS AND ITS ENERGY HARVESTING
MATERIALS, PREPARATION,
CHARACTERIZATION
AND
THERMOELECTRICS
IN

THERMOELECTRICS AND ITS ENERGY HARVESTING
MATERIALS, PREPARATION,
CHARACTERIZATION
AND
THERMOELECTRICS
IN
Edited by D. M. Rowe
OBE, DSc, PhD
Boca Raton London New York
CRC Press is an imprint of the
Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
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Version Date: 20120309
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Contents
Preface...........................................................................................................................................ix
Editor...............................................................................................................................................xi
Contributors..............................................................................................................................xiii
Section i General Principles and theoretical considerations
. 1. Transverse.Thermoelectric.Effects.and.Their.Application................................1-1
H. J. Goldsmid
. 2. Thermoelectric.Induction.in.Power.Generation:.Prospects
. . and.Proposals..................................................................................................................2-1
L. I. Anatychuk
. 3. Thermoelectric.Devices.as.Heat.Engines:.Alternative.Thermodynamic.
Cycles.................................................................................................................................3-1
L. E. Bell
. 4. Functionally.Graded.Thermoelectric.Generator.and.Cooler.Elements..........4-1
E. Müller, K. Zabrocki, C. Goupil, G. Jeffrey Snyder, and W. Seifert
. 5. Thermodynamics.and.Phase.Transformations.in.Thermoelectric.
Materials: Applications.to.the.Development.of.New.Materials.........................5-1
Jean-Claude Tedenac
. 6. First.Principles.Calculations.of.Electron.Transport.Properties.in.
Disordered Thermoelectrics........................................................................................6-1
Janusz Tobola and Laurent Chaput
. 7. New.Thermoelectric.Materials.with.Precisely.Determined.Electronic.
Structure.and.Phonon.Dispersion.............................................................................7-1
Tsunehiro Takeuchi
. 8. Entropy.Flow.in.Interactive.Semiconductor/Metal.Nanoensembles...............8-1
Dieter M. Gruen
. 9. Ab Initio-Based.Band.Engineering.and.Rational.Design.of.
Thermoelectric Materials.............................................................................................9-1
Jiong Yang, Xun Shi, Wenqing Zhang, Lidong Chen, and Jihui Yang
v
vi Contents
.10. Band.Structure.Guidelines.for.Higher.Figure-of-Merit:.Analytic.
Band Generation.and.Energy.Filtering..................................................................10-1
Espen Flage-Larsen and Ole Martin Løvvik
.11. Introduction.to.Modeling.Thermoelectric.Transport.at
. . High.Temperatures........................................................................................................11-1
Andrew F. May and G. Jeffrey Snyder
.12. The.Effect.of.Resonant.Energy.Levels.on.the.Thermoelectric.Power.
and Thermoelectric.Power Factor...........................................................................12-1
Joseph P. Heremans
.13. Graphene-Like.Exfoliated.Quasi-2D.Thermoelectric.Crystals........................13-1
Alexander A. Balandin
.14. The.Bottom-Up.Approach.to.Bulk.Thermoelectric.Materials.with.
Nanoscale Domains.....................................................................................................14-1
Anuja Datta, Adrian Popescu, Lilia Woods, and George S. Nolas
.15. Surface.and.Interface.Effects.on.Thermoelectric.Behavior.in.
Crystalline Nanowires................................................................................................15-1
Frédéric Sansoz
Section ii Materials Preparation and Measurement
.16. High-Performance.Nanostructured.Thermoelectric.Materials.Prepared.
by Melt.Spinning.and.Spark.Plasma.Sintering.....................................................16-1
Xinfeng Tang, Wenjie Xie, Han Li, Baoli Du, Qingjie Zhang, Terry M. Tritt, and
Ctirad Uher
.17. Fabrication.Routes.for.Nanostructured.TE.Material.Architectures..............17-1
Muhammet S. Toprak, Shanghua Li, and Mamoun Muhammed
.18. Preparation.and.Thermoelectric.Properties.of.Iron.Disilicide.......................18-1
Yukihiro Isoda and Haruhiko Udono
.19. The.Deposition.of.Bi Te .and.Sb Te .Thermoelectric.Thin.Films.by.
2 3 2 3
Thermal Coevaporation.and.Applications.in.Energy.Harvesting..................19-1
L. M. Goncalves
.20. Thermoelectric.Materials,.Measurements,.and.Opportunities.for.
Energy Harvesting.......................................................................................................20-1
Patrick J. Taylor
.21. Thermal.and.Thermoelectric.Characterization.of.Individual.
Nanostructures and.Thin.Films...............................................................................21-1
Li Shi
.22. Microchips.and.Methods.for.the.Characterization.of.Thermoelectric.
Transport.Properties.of.Nanostructures...............................................................22-1
Friedemann VÖlklein, Daniel Huzel, Heiko Reith, and Matthias Schmitt
.23. Neutron.Scattering.Investigations.of.Thermoelectric.Materials....................23-1
Mogens Christensen
Contents vii
Section iii commercial
.24. Patent.Basics.Every.Researcher.and.Engineer.Should.Know...........................24-1
Robert M. Hansen