Table Of ContentMastering Distributed Tracing
Analyzing performance in microservices and
complex systems
Yuri Shkuro
BIRMINGHAM - MUMBAI
Mastering Distributed Tracing
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I dedicate this book to my family and my loving partner Yelena.
- Yuri Shkuro
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Contributors
About the author
Yuri Shkuro is a software engineer at Uber Technologies, working on distributed
tracing, observability, reliability, and performance. He is the technical lead for Uber's
tracing team. Before Uber, Yuri spent 15 years on Wall Street, building trading and
risk management systems for derivatives at top investment banks, Goldman Sachs,
JPMorgan Chase, and Morgan Stanley.
Yuri's open source credentials include being a co-founder of the OpenTracing project,
and the creator and the tech lead of Jaeger, a distributed tracing platform developed
at Uber. Both projects are incubating at the Cloud Native Computing Foundation.
Yuri serves as an invited expert on the W3C Distributed Tracing working group.
Dr. Yuri Shkuro holds a Ph.D. in Computer Science from University of Maryland,
College Park, and a Master's degree in Computer Engineering from MEPhI
(Moscow Engineering & Physics Institute), one of Russia's top three universities.
He is the author of many academic papers in the area of machine learning and
neural networks; his papers have been cited in over 130 other publications.
Outside of his academic and professional career, Yuri helped edit and produce
several animated shorts directed by Lev Polyakov, including Only Love (2008), which
screened at over 30 film festivals and won several awards, Piper the Goat and the Peace
Pipe (2005), a winner at the Ottawa International Animation Festival, and others.
I'd like to say thank you to many people who made this book possible:
my producer Andrew, who reached out and convinced me to pursue this
book; my editors Tom and Joanne, who reviewed and edited my drafts;
my technical reviewer Pavol, who provided many great suggestions
on improving the book; Ben Sigelman, who helped me to structure the
content and from whom I learned a lot about tracing in general; Lev
Polyakov, the author of the Jaeger project's adorable logo, who made
brilliant illustrations for this book; and most of all, my family and my
partner Yelena, who supported me and put up with me working on the
book on weekends over many months.
About the reviewer
Pavol Loffay is a software engineer at Red Hat working on Observability tools for
microservice architectures. He is an active maintainer of the Jaeger and OpenTracing
projects. He is also a member of the OpenTracing Specification Council (OTSC) and
a lead for the MicroProfile OpenTracing specification. In his free time, Pavol likes to
travel and he is a passionate skier and rock climber.
About the illustrator
Lev Polyakov is an award winning independent animation director and conceptual
artist, whose films were featured on WNET 13, Channel Frederator, and ShortsHD.
Lev Polyakov has been active in the animation world since 2004, starting as
an intern for Signe Baumane, one of New York's most prominent independent
animators, and proceeding to write and direct his own animated films. His
first short, Piper the Goat and the Peace Pipe, won the first place at the 2005 Ottawa
Animation Festival. For his next film, Morning, Day, Evening, Night… and Morning
Again, Lev was awarded a grant and an honorary membership from the National
Board of Review of Motion Pictures. During his junior year at School of Visual Arts,
Lev directed and produced Only Love, a 15-minute animated short that premiered
at the prestigious Woodstock Film Festival, and has been shown at more than 30 film
festivals around the world, winning several first place awards.
Lev has done visually appealing, character-driven commercial work such
as storyboarding, character design, and animation for an iPad movie-book
Peter and the Wolf in Hollywood, produced by Giants Are Small in partnership
with Universal Music; and for the virtual reality studio, The Glimpse Group.
Lev is currently the Chair of the Art and Technology Committee at the National
Arts Club in New York City.
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Table of Contents
Preface ix
Part I: Introduction 1
Chapter 1: Why Distributed Tracing? 3
Microservices and cloud-native applications 4
What is observability? 7
The observability challenge of microservices 8
Traditional monitoring tools 11
Metrics 11
Logs 12
Distributed tracing 13
My experience with tracing 15
Why this book? 18
Summary 20
References 20
Chapter 2: Take Tracing for a HotROD Ride 23
Prerequisites 24
Running from prepackaged binaries 24
Running from Docker images 25
Running from the source code 25
Go language development environment 26
Jaeger source code 26
Start Jaeger 27
Meet the HotROD 29
The architecture 32
The data flow 33
[ i ]
