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Mary Magdalene from the New Testament to the New Age and Beyond PDF

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Mary Magdalene from the New Testament to the New Age and Beyond Themes in Biblical Narrative Jewish and Christian Traditions Editorial Board Jacques T.A.G.M. van Ruiten Robert A. Kugler Loren T. Stuckenbruck Advisory Board Reinhard Feldmeier George H. van Kooten Judith Lieu Hindy Najman Martti Nissinen J. Ross Wagner Robyn Whitaker volume 24 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/tbn Mary Magdalene from the New Testament to the New Age and Beyond Edited by Edmondo F. Lupieri LEIDEN | BOSTON Cover illustration: “The Penitent Magdalene” by Francesco Hayez, The Yorck Project (2002), distributed by Directmedia Publishing GmbH Brill has made all reasonable efforts to trace all rights holders to any copyrighted material used in this work. In cases where these efforts have not been successful the publisher welcomes communications from copyright holders, so that the appropriate acknowledgements can be made in future editions, and to settle other permission matters. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Lupieri, Edmondo, editor. Title: Mary Magdalene from The New Testament to the New Age and beyond / edited by Edmondo F. Lupieri. Description: Leiden ; Boston : Brill, 2020. | Series: Themes in biblical narrative, 1388-3909 ; 24 | Includes index.  | Summary: “An international team of twenty scholars under Edmondo F. Lupieri’s direction produced  Mary Magdalene from the New Testament to the New Age and Beyond. While the historical figure of the  Magdalene may be lost forever, the construction of her literary images and their transformations and  adaptations over the centuries are a lively testimony to human creativity and faith. Different pictures of  Mary travelled through time and space, from history to legend and mythology, crossed religious  boundaries, going beyond the various Christianities, to become a “sign of contradiction” for many.  This book describes a special case of biblical reception history, that of the New Testament figure of a  woman whose presence at the side of Jesus has been disturbing for some, but proves to be inspiring for  others”—Provided by publisher. Identifiers: LCCN 2019025586 | ISBN 9789004410282 (hardback) | ISBN 9789004411067 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Mary Magdalene, Saint. Classification: LCC BS2485 .M374 2020 | DDC 226/.092—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019025586 Typeface for the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic scripts: “Brill”. See and download: brill.com/brill-typeface. ISSN 1388-3909 ISBN 978-90-04-41028-2 (hardback) ISBN 978-90-04-41106-7 (e-book) Copyright 2020 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Hes & De Graaf, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Rodopi, Brill Sense, Hotei Publishing, mentis Verlag, Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh and Wilhelm Fink Verlag. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. This book is printed on acid-free paper and produced in a sustainable manner. Contents Acknowledgements ix List of Figures x Abbreviations xiii Notes on Contributors xix Introduction 1 Edmondo Lupieri Part 1 New Testament through Late Antiquity 1 The Earliest Magdalene: Varied Portrayals in Early Gospel Narratives 11 Edmondo Lupieri 2 The Apocryphal Magdalene: Expanding and Limiting Her Importance 26 Trent A. Rogers 3 The Gnostic Magdalene: Mary as Disciple and Revealer 50 Cambry G. Pardee 4 The Vine and the Net-Caster: Mandaean and Manichaean Transformations of Mary Magdalene 79 Emiliano Fiori 5 The Patristic Magdalene: Symbol for the Church and Witness to the Resurrection 105 Amanda Kunder 6 A Whore from Bethany? A Note on Mary Magdalene in Early Non- Christian Sources 128 Bas van Os 7 The Magdalene Yesterday and Today in the Gospel of Jesus’s Wife 133 David A. Creech vi Contents Part 2 The Middle Ages through the Modern Age 8 The Cult of Mary Magdalene in the Medieval West 151 Theresa Gross-Diaz 9 The Magdalene of Medieval Hagiography 176 Seth J.A. Alexander 10 Suspended between Sacred and Profane: the Iconography of Mary Magdalene from Its Origins to the Fifteenth Century 189 Marcello Mignozzi 11 The Divided Magdalene: the Three Magdalenes Debate (1517–1519): between Humanism and Enlightenment 253 Jeffrey M. Tripp 12 The Uncontainable Sexuality of a Penitent Woman: the Magdalene between Baroque and Contemporary Art 277 Jayna Hoffacker Part 3 Contemporary Period 13 The Magdalene of Contemporary Biblical Scholarship 297 Teresa J. Calpino 14 From Disciple to Deviant: the Magdalene in Contemporary Popular Film 318 Erica-Lyn Saccucci 15 The Magdalene of Internet: New Age, Goddess, and Nature Spiritualities 337 James S. Mastaler 16 Wife, Queen, Goddess: Mary Magdalene and the New Religious-Spiritual Movements (19th–21st Centuries) 364 Carla Ricci Contents vii 17 From Galilee to India: There Is Something about Mary (Magdalene) 395 Pierluigi Piovanelli 18 Why the Church Needs a Prostitutes’ Saint 417 Mary Setterholm 19 The Marys in the Contemporary Liturgical Practice of the Mary Magdalene (the) Apostle Catholic Community 449 Jane Via 20 The Legionaries of Mary Magdalene? 458 Ludovica Eugenio Index of Premodern Sources 467 Index of Modern Authors 481 Index of Places 491 Acknowledgements From 2011 to 2013, I organized a series of conferences, colloquia, lectures, and a graduate course at Loyola University Chicago on the figure of Mary Magdalene that served as the impetus for the writing of this book. Many people have worked on its construction and completion. I particularly want to remember here my past and present students, many of whom were my teaching or re- search assistants, who invested their time and energy in the project. Some of them wrote papers on the subject of Mary Magdalene, published here as chap- ters. Trent Rogers first worked on the editing and the revising of the chapters and found many images published in the book. He was followed by Jef Tripp, Amanda Kunder, and later, Wesley Dingman. Then Joshua King, Scott Brevard, Zechariah Eberhart, and Eric Zito took on the responsibilities of helping me with the text. Joshua King deserves special thanks for his work, since he re- vised the entire text (particularly making revisions to the chapters translated from Italian) and painstakingly worked to finalize the lists of abbreviations, to harmonize quotes and bibliographies, and to construct the indexes. Whoever reads this book will understand the care with which Joshua has undertaken his work. The work of the translators for the chapters originally written in Italian and the generosity of the institutions and individuals who consented to the free reproduction of images not in the public domain are duly recognized in this book. When we were forced to do without a reproduction of a specific work of art, readers have been referred to easily accessible websites. I would like to express special gratitude to not only all of my former and present students, but particularly to the faculty, chairs, and staff of Loyola University Chicago’s Department of Theology for their support of this venture and to Randall Newman, who went above and beyond his professional du- ties as Program Coordinator for the Theology Department and the Endowed Chairs in the Humanities. I would also like to recognize the Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences and the Office of Research Services for their financial sup- port of this project. That support, in addition to the funding provided through the John Cardinal Cody Chair, allowed this book to be published. Finally, I want to express very special thanks to Tessa Schild and Dirk Bakker, from Brill Publishing Co. They very patiently accompanied and supported me through the maze of preparing this book, and it is not a rhetorical exaggeration to say that it would have never seen the light without them. Figures 7.1 The Gospel of Jesus’s Wife. Papyrus fragment. Gospel of Jesus’s Wife © Einottaja / Wikimedia Commons / CC PD 134 8.1 Identification tag for relic of Mary Magdalene, Abbey of Chelles, 8th century. L’abbaye de Chelles (former monastery; current administration building) 159 8.2 The sarcophagus of Mary Magdalene. Basilica of Mary Magdalene in Saint- Maximin-la-Sainte-Baume. “Marie-Madeleine” sarcophagus at the Saint- Maximin Basilica. © Rvalette / Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA-3.0 162 10.1 Domus ecclesiae. Detached frescoes from Dura Europos. Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven, CT. Domus ecclesiae. Dura Europos baptistry painting at Yale University Art Gallery. © Marysas / Wikimedia Commons / CC PD-Mark 1.0 235 10.2 The holy women at the tomb of Christ. Detached fresco from Dura Europos. Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven, CT. “The holy women at the tomb of Christ.” Dura Europos baptistry painting at Yale University Art Gallery. © Marysas / Wikimedia Commons / CC PD-Mark 1.0 235 10.3 The holy women at the tomb of Christ. Detached fresco from Dura Europos; detail. Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven, CT. “The holy women at the tomb of Christ.” Dura Europos baptistry painting at Yale University Art Gallery. Copyright © Yale University Art Gallery / Public Domain 235 10.4 The holy women at the tomb of Christ. Servanne sarcophagus. Musée de l’Arles antique, Arles 236 10.5 Crucifixion; The holy women at the tomb of Christ; First apparition of Christ. Cod. Plut. 1.25, Laurentian Library, Florence 236 10.6 The washing of Christ’s feet. Dumfriesshire, stone cross (south face). Ruthwell Church, Ruthwell, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland. Ruthwell Cross Christ on South Side © Doug Sim / Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA-3.0 237 10.7 The holy women at the tomb of Christ; First apparition of Christ. Ivory diptych of the Passion; detail. Museum of the Cathedral, Milan 238 10.8 Crucifixion. Karanlık Kilise (Göreme n. 23). Göreme (Cappadocia), Tokalı Kilise (church). “Crucifixion” painting at the Karanlık Kilise (Göreme). © Überraschungsbilder / Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA-3.0 239 10.9 The Washing of Christ’s feet. Church of Sainte-Marie-Madeleine, architrave of the main portal. Tympan de l’Eglise Ste-Marie-Madeleine (Neuilly en Donjon). © Richard03 / Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA-3.0 239 10.10 The Master of St. Francis, Lamentation of Christ. Upper Basilica of St. Francis, nave, Assisi. Lamentation over the Dead Christ fresco Master of St. Francis © Eugene a / Wikimedia Commons / CC PD-Mark 1.0 240

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