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Marine Biological Laboratory Library Voods Hole, Massachusetts Manual of Microbiological Methods fiCr>^ MANUAL OF Microbiological Methods BY THE SOCIETY OF AMERICAN BACTERIOLOGISTS Committee on Bacteriological Technic ]M. J. Pelczar, Jr., Chairman R. C. Bard M. W. Jennison G. W. Burnett A. P. McKee H. J. Conn, Editor A. J. Riker R. D. DeMoss J. Warren E. E. Evans O. B. Weeks F. A. Weiss McGRAW-HILL BOOK COMPANY, INC New York Toronto London 1957 MANUAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS Copyright (c) 1957 by the Society of American Bacteriologists. Copyright, 1923, 1926, 1936, 1946, by the Society of American Bacteriologists. Printed in the United States of America. All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may notbereproducedinanyformwithoutpermissionofthepublishers. ThemethodsgivenherehavenotbeenapprovedformallybytheSocietyofAmeri- canBacteriologists. TheuseofportionsofthetextoftheUnitedStatesPharma- copeia, 15th Revision, official December 15, 1955, is by permission received from the Board of Trustees of the United States Pharmocopeial Convention. The said Board is not responsible for any inaccuracies of the text thus used. Library ofCongress Catalog Card Number 57-8629 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 - MP - 1 9 8 7 69556 Committee Members and Other Contributors Allen, 0. N. Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. Ark, p. a. Division of Plant Pathology, University of California, Berkeley, Calif. *Bard, R. C. Smith Kline & French Laboratories, Philadelphia 1, Pa. Bartholomew, J. W. Department of Bacteriology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 7, Calif. *BuRNETT, G. W. Dental Division, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, D.C. tCoHEN, Barnett Formerly, Johns Hopkins Medical School, Baltimore, Md. *CoNN, H. J. Emeritus, Division of Food Science and Technology, N.Y. Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, N.Y. *DeMoss, R. D. Department of Bacteriology, University of Illinois, Urbana, 111. *EvANS, E. E. Department of Microbiology, Medical Center, University of Alabama, Birmingham 3, Ala. HiLDEBRAND, E. M. Horticultural Field Station, U. S. Department of Agri- culture, Beltsville, Md. HiLDEBRANDT, A. C. Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. *Jennison, M. W. Department ofBacteriology, Syracuse University, Syracuse 10, N.Y. LiNDBERG, Robert B. Department of Bacteriology, Walter Reed Army Insti- tute of Research, Washington, D.C. McClung, L. S. Department of Bacteriology, Indiana Universitj^, Blooming- ton, Ind. *McKee, a. p. Department of Bacteriology, College of Medicine, State Uni- versity of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa *Pelczar, M. J., Jr. Department of Microbiology, University of Maryland, College Park, Md. *RiKER, A. J. Department of Pknt Pathology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. *Warren, Joel Division ofBiologicalStandards, NationalInstitutesofHealth, Bethesda 14, Md. *Weeks, 0. B. Department of Bacteriology, University of Idaho, Moscow^ Idaho M *Weiss, F. a. American T3'pe Culture Collection, 2029 Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. *Members of Committee on Bacteriological Technic, 1955-7 tDeceased