Manpower Planning and Organization Design

764 Pages·1978·23.03 MB·English

by  Don Bryant

MANPOWER
PLANNING AND
ORGANIZATION DESIGN
NATO CONFERENCE SERIES
Ecology
II Systems Science
III Human Factors
IV Marine Sciences
V Air-Sea Interactions
VI Materials Science
II SYSTEMS SCIENCE
Volume 1 Transportation Planning for a Better Environment
Edited by Peter Stringer and H. Wenzel
Volume 2 Arctic Systems
Edited by P. J. Amaria, A. A. Bruneau, and P. A. Lapp
Volume 3 Environmental Assessment of Socioeconomic Systems
Edited by Dietrich F. Burkhardt and William H. Ittelson
Volume 4 Earth Observation Systems for Resource Management and Environmental Control
Edited by Donald J. Clough and Lawrence W. Morley
Volume 5 Applied General Systems Research: Recent Developments
and Trends
Edited by George J. Klir
Volume 6 Evaluating New Telecommunications Services
Edited by Martin C.J. Elton, William A. Lucas, and
David W. Conrath
Volume 7 Manpower Planning and Organization Design
Edited by Donald T. Bryant and Richard J. Niehaus
MANPOWER
PLANNING AND
ORGANIZATION DESIGN
Edited by
Donald T. Bryant
Tavistock Institute of Human Relations
London
and
Richard J. Niehaus
u.s. Navy Office of Civilian Personnel
Washington, D. C.
Published in coordination with NATO Scientific Affairs Division by
PLENUM PRESS· NEW YORK AND LONDON
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
NATO Conference on Manpower Planning and Organization Design, Stresa,
ItaIY,1977.
Manpower planning. and organization design.
(NATO conference series: II, Systems science; 7)
"Proceedings of the NATO Conference on Manpower Planning and Organiza
tion Design held at Stresa, Italy, June 20-24, 1977, sponsored by the NATO
Special Program Panels on Human Factors and on Systems Science."
1. Manpower planning-Congresses. I. Bryant, Donald, T. II. Niehaus, Richard
J. III. NATO Special Program Panel on Human Factors. IV. NATO Special
Program Panel on Systems Science. V. Title. VI. Series.
HF5549.5.M3N21977 658.3 784623
ISBN-13: 978-1-4613-4624-1 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4613-4622-7
001: 10.1007/978-1-4613-4622-7
Proceedings of the NATO Conference on Manpower Planning and Organization Design
held at Stresa, Italy, June 20-24, 1977, sponsored by the NATO Special.
Program Panels on Human Factors and Systems Science
© 1978 Plenum Press, New York
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1978
A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation
227 West 17th Street, New York, N.Y. 10011
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted,
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming,
recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher
PREFACE
This volume is the proceedings of the conference entitled
"Manpower Planning and Organization Design" which was held in
Stresa, Italy, 20-24 June 1977.
The Conference was sponsored by the NATO Scientific Affairs
Division and organized jointly through the Special Programs
Panels on Human Factors and on Systems Science. Two Conference
Directors were appointed with overall responsibilities for the
programme and for policy, and they were assisted in their tasks
by a small advisory panel consisting of Professor A. Charnes
(University of Texas), Professor W.W. Cooper (Carnegie Mellon
University, now at Harvard University) and Dr. F.A. Heller
(TavistQck Institute of Human Relations). Professor R. Florio
of Bergamo kindly agreed to become Administrative Director and,
as such, was responsible for all the local arrangements.
The Conference Directors were further assisted by "national
points of contact" appointed from each of the member countries of
NATO. These national representatives played a substantial part
in the search for participants and in the collection and trans
mission of the various conference communications. Although full
details of the national points of contact are included in the
Appendices, special tribute must be paid to the UK point of
contact, Brian Smith of the Civil Service Department. He very
capably shouldered the additional burdens of maintaining conti
nuity and resolving problems during the absence in Canada of
Don Bryant in the particularly demanding two months preceding
the Conference.
By the time when the selection of papers to be included in
the Conference had to be made, over fifty acceptable abstracts
had been received. This presented the Conference Directors with
the problem of deciding which out of so many potentiall worth-
v
PREFACE
while papers should be eliminated in order to produce a manageable
programme. Eventually the difficulty was resolved by including
all the papers with acceptable abstracts and by allocating to
one or other of two types of presentation: main plenary sessions
for papers that appeared to fit in with one of the eight Conference
themes; and parallel presentations of special interest topics
(Paper Fair). In the event, thirty-nine papers were presented in
the main plenary sessions and thirteen in the Paper Fair. In
addition, two authors intending to present papers (Athanassiou of
Greece and Joynt of Norway) were prevented by unavoidable circum
stances from attending the Conference; their papers were however
made available to participants, and consequently the Editors
decided to include both of these papers in the published
proceedings.
The proceedings follow the Conference programme to some ex
tent, but it will be seen there are now ten sections instead of
eight sessions and a paper fair. The order of some individual
papers has been changed in order to produce a balanced publication
geared towards the requirements of the general reader. The pro
ceedings then consist of ten sections which themselves consist of
three to. six papers grouped together under a particular theme.
The contents pages, list all section themes, papers and authors
for the entire proceedings.
The original session themes for the Conference itself are
listed below, together with the session chairmen:
Session Theme Chairmen
I Organization Design and Career Management RC Sorenson(US)
Models.
2 Practical Experiences with Manpower J Picard(France)
Planning Systems.
3 Interactive Computer-assisted Manpower NO Heyer (US)
Management.
4 Organization Design in Workforce Planning.G Mensch (West
Germany)
5 Planning for Equal Employment Opportu- ffi~ Cooper (US)
nities.
6 Manpower Planning as a General WW Cooper (US)
Organizational System.
7 Macro-Implications of Micro Manpower G Alpay (Turkey)
Planning.
8 Aspects of Organizational Systems. GD Kaye (US)
9 Behavioral and Management Science Methods. W. Price(Canada)
(Paper Fair) (Co-ordinator)
vn
PREFACE
The Conference Directors would like to express their
graditude to these session chairmen and the paper fair
co-ordinator for their efforts in ensuring that the events were
smoothly organized.
Thanks are also due to a number of other people who helped
to make the meeting a success: in particular to the staff and
management of the hotel group in Stresa, and of the Palazzo dei
Congressi where the Conference was held; and to the Mayor and
City of Stresa for their generous contribution to the entertain
ment provided by the folk dancers at the Gala Dinner. Social
events are often important ingredients that go into the making of
a successful conference, and we were indeed fortunate in having
the Spouses' Programme directed by Mrs. Mary Regina Niehaus.
Secretarial services were provided by Mrs. Ruth Combs of
the U.S. Navy Office of Civilian Personnel and by Mrs. Jean
Goodes of the Travistock Institute. Mrs. Ursula Granville of the
Tavistock Institute was responsible for much of the administra
tive as well as of the secretarial arrangements in the U.K.
David Sholtz of the U.S. Navy Office of Civilian Personnel gave
considerable help to the Conference Directors in the U.S.,
together with Kathy Lewis of Columbia University who also proved
to be not only an exceptional 'behind the scenes' organizer in
the pre-planning and planning phases of the Conference, but also
a competent problem-solver 'on-the-spot' during the Conference
week itself.
Fianlly, we would be remiss if we did not acknowledge the
role of the NATO Scientific Affairs Division in taking the
initiative in launching this Conference. We owe a special debt
to Dr. B.A. Bayraktar who provided much valuable counsel and
advice during the early stages of the Conference preparations.
Don Bryant
Richard J. Niehaus
CONTENTS
Introductory Statement. • • • • 1
D. Bryant and R. J. Niehaus
SECTION 1: Organization Design and Career Management 13
Models for Organization Design and Staffing 15
E. S. Bres, F. Leader, B. E. Moore
and D. Sholtz
Manpower Planning for the Managerial Workforce:
A Quantitative and Qualitative Approach 31
C. Plougonven
The Creation of a System of Personnel Management
Forecasting: Technology or Sociology? • 45
P. Miret
A Methodological Review of the Treatment of
Individual Goals in Some Recent German
System Approaches Towards Manpower Planning 57
J. Gohl and H. J. Oppelland
An Optimal Retirement Policy for Individuals 73
D. Sadowski
SECTION 2: Conversational Computer-Assisted
Manpower Management • • • • • 83
Conversational Manpower Planning Models in a
Telecommunications Environment 85
R. J. Niehaus
MANPLAN: A Flexible C~mputer Package for Practical
Manpower Planning • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• 103
J. Nash and A. Goddard
ix
x CONTENTS
Bargaining Assignment and Officer Rotation
Models in the U.S. Navy ••••• 119
T. I. Eubanks and G. L. Thompson
Developing a Research-Based System for Manpower
Management and Career Progression in the
U. S. Army Officer Corps •••••• 131
B. H. Cory, F. F. Medland and J. E. Uhlaner
A Computer Assisted Manpower Planning Model • • 145
R. C. Dudding and W. G. Piskor
SECTION 3: Organization Design in Workforce Planning 155
An Action Research Approach to Organisation Design 157
D. Bryant and B. Painter
Organization Design in the Smaller Enterprise • • • • • • •• 173
B. Barry
The Place of Value Orientation of Members in . . . . . . .
Organizational Design • • • • • , 187
M. Gurkaynak and K. Sayba~ili
Manpower Planning on the Halifax Waterfront:
A Case Study with Implications for
Industrial Relations ••••• • • 197
J. A. Dougall
Matrix Organization in an Industrializing Society:
Case Studies from Brazil •• • • • • • 209
J. R. Hemsley, R. Sbragia and E. Vasconcellos
Importance of Individual Differences in Intervention
and Design for Improving Quality of
Working Life • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 223
M. Boisvert and R. Theriault
SECTION 4: Descriptive Models of Organizations 241
The Integration of Human Resources Planning into the
Budgetary Cycle of the Canadian Federal
Public Service • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 243
R. C. Dudding and R. L. Marsh
Possibilities for Career Management in a
Subordinate Organisation 259
G. D. Kaye
CONTENTS xi
Organisational Dichotomies: The Dilemma of Management • • •• 271
R. Pemble
Planning for Manpower Needs and Organization
Development • • • • • • • 283
G. A1pay
SECTION 5: Mathematical Methods for Manpower Systems 289
A Normative Model for Manpower Planning
Under Risk ••••••••• 291
A. Martel and W. L. Price
Interactive Design of a Manpower System • • • • • • • • • •• 307
R. C. Grino1d
Efficient Computation and Long Range Optimization
Applications Using a Two-Characteristic
Markov-Type Manpower Flow Model • • • • 319
K. T. Marshall
Two Linear Programming Models of a Large
German Federal Department • •• • • • • 331
G. Uebe, M. J. Beckmann, J. Fischer and E. Marwitz
Manpower Planning Under Stochastic Turnover Behavior 341
K. Uyar and C. K. Uyar
Forecasting and Recruitment in Graded
Manpower Systems • • • • 353
J. A. E. E. van Nunen and J. Wessels
SECTION 6: Planning for Equal Employment Opportunities 365
Equal Employment Opportunity Planning and
Staffing Models • • • • • • • • 367
A. Charnes, W. W. Cooper, K. A. Lewis and
R. J. Niehaus
Planning Manpower Utilization in a
Bi-Cu1tura1 Environment 383
J. E. Mayhood, C. A. U. Cotton and W. L. Price
On the Racial Composition of Workers Available
to an Organization • • • • • • • • • 395
S. Haber