Managing Successful Projects with PRINCE2

430 Pages·012.181 MB·English

by  AXELOS Limited

Managing
Successful Projects
with PRINCE2®
PRODUCT
Maximise your
PRINCE2® success
An interactive tool to enhance your learning
Download
now!
Official PRINCE2® Foundation App
The ideal companion tool to help you
study, practise and test
tiny.cc/prince2app
11878 09/19
Managing
Successful Projects
with PRINCE2®
ii
Published by TSO (The Stationery Office), part of Williams Lea Tag,
and available from:
Online
www.tsoshop.co.uk
Mail, Telephone, Fax & E-mail
TSO
PO Box 29, Norwich, NR3 1GN
Telephone orders/General enquiries: 0333 202 5070
Fax orders: 0333 202 5080
E-mail: [email protected]
Textphone 0333 202 5077
TSO@Blackwell and other Accredited Agents
Copyright © AXELOS Limited 2017
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without permission in
writing from AXELOS Limited.
Applications to reuse, reproduce or republish material in this publication should be sent to: The Licensing Team, AXELOS
Limited, Rosebery Court, St Andrews Business Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR7 0HS. Email [email protected]
AXELOS, the AXELOS logo, the AXELOS swirl logo, ITIL®, MoP®, M_o_R®, MoV®, MSP®, P3M3®, P3O®, PRINCE2® and
PRINCE2 Agile® are registered trade marks of AXELOS Limited.
RESILIA™ is a trade mark of AXELOS Limited.
Cover image © Getty/buildingblock
Chp 1 © Getty/fotandy; Chp 2 © Getty/Jim_Pintar; Chp 3 © Getty/DrPAS; Chp 4 © Getty/Norman Posselt; Chp 5 © Getty/
DrPAS; Chp 6 © Getty/fotandy; Chp 7 © Getty/TeodoraDjordjevic; Chp 8 © Getty/dzika_mrowka; Chp 9 © Getty/DAJ;
Chp 10 © Getty/Tom Cockrem; Chp 11 © Getty/DrPAS; Chp 12 © Getty/dogayusufdokdok; Chp 13 © Getty/NCBlanora;
Chp 14 © Getty/NCBlanora; Chp 15 © Getty/Lukasz Szczepanski; Chp 16 © Getty/ Darrell Gulin; Chp 17 © Getty/Knaupe;
Chp 18 © Getty/Knaupe; Chp 19 © Getty/Wlad74; Chp20 © Getty/Matteo Chinellato; Chp 21 © Getty/NCBlanora
First edition Crown copyright 1996
Second edition Crown copyright 1998
Third edition Crown copyright 2002
Fourth edition Crown copyright 2005
Fifth edition Crown copyright 2009
Sixth edition AXELOS Limited copyright 2017
Second impression 2018
ISBN 9780113315338
Printed in the United Kingdom for The Stationery Office.
Material is FSC certified and produced using ECF pulp, sourced from fully sustainable forests.
Contents
List of figures vii
List of tables x
Foreword xiii
About AXELOS xiv
Acknowledgements xvi
Contents summary xix
1 Introduction 1
1.1 The structure of PRINCE2 3
1.2 What PRINCE2 does not provide 4
1.3 What makes a project a ‘PRINCE2 project’? 4
1.4 The purpose of this manual 5
2 Project management with PRINCE2 7
2.1 What is a project? 8
2.2 What is project management? 9
2.3 What is it we wish to control? 9
2.4 What does a project manager do? 10
2.5 Projects in context 11
2.6 Applying PRINCE2 14
3 Principles 19
3.1 Continued business justification 20
3.2 Learn from experience 21
3.3 Defined roles and responsibilities 22
3.4 Manage by stages 23
3.5 Manage by exception 24
3.6 Focus on products 25
3.7 Tailor to suit the project 27
4 Tailoring and adopting PRINCE2 29
4.1 Tailoring PRINCE2 30
4.2 Adopting PRINCE2 30
4.3 Tailoring PRINCE2 to suit different projects 31
4.4 Adopting PRINCE2 in an organizational environment 37
iii
Managing Successful Projects with PRINCE2®
5 Introduction to PRINCE2 themes 41
5.1 Tailoring the themes 43
5.2 Format of the theme chapters 44
6 Business case 45
6.1 The business case theme 46
6.2 PRINCE2’s requirements for the business case theme 48
6.3 Guidance for effective business case management 53
6.4 Techniques: investment appraisal 55
7 Organization 57
7.1 The organization theme 58
7.2 PRINCE2’s requirements for the organization theme 62
7.3 Guidance for effective project organization 69
8 Quality 77
8.1 The quality theme 78
8.2 PRINCE2’s requirements for the quality theme 80
8.3 Guidance for effective quality management 82
8.4 Technique: recommended quality review technique 89
9 Plans 93
9.1 The plans theme 94
9.2 PRINCE2’s requirements for the plans theme 97
9.3 Guidance for effective planning 102
9.4 Techniques: prioritization, estimation and scheduling 116
10 Risk 119
10.1 The risk theme 120
10.2 PRINCE2’s requirements for the risk theme 121
10.3 Guidance for effective risk management 123
10.4 Technique: recommended risk management procedure 126
11 Change 137
11.1 The change theme 138
11.2 PRINCE2’s requirements for the change theme 140
11.3 Guidance for effective change control 141
11.4 Technique: recommended issue and change control procedure 143
12 Progress 147
12.1 The progress theme 148
12.2 PRINCE2’s requirements for the progress theme 148
12.3 Guidance for effective progress management 154
12.4 Techniques: progress evaluation and peer review 155
iv
Contents
13 Introduction to processes 157
13.1 The PRINCE2 journey 159
13.2 The PRINCE2 process model 160
13.3 Structure of the process chapters 162
13.4 Tailoring the processes 163
14 Starting up a project 165
14.1 Purpose 166
14.2 Objective 166
14.3 Context 166
14.4 Activities 168
14.5 Tailoring guidelines 177
15 Directing a project 179
15.1 Purpose 180
15.2 Objective 180
15.3 Context 180
15.4 Activities 181
15.5 Tailoring guidelines 192
16 Initiating a project 195
16.1 Purpose 196
16.2 Objective 196
16.3 Context 196
16.4 Activities 197
16.5 Tailoring guidelines 212
17 Controlling a stage 215
17.1 Purpose 216
17.2 Objective 216
17.3 Context 216
17.4 Activities 218
17.5 Tailoring guidelines 231
18 Managing product delivery 235
18.1 Purpose 236
18.2 Objective 236
18.3 Context 236
18.4 Activities 237
18.5 Tailoring guidelines 241
v
Managing Successful Projects with PRINCE2®
19 Managing a stage boundary 245
19.1 Purpose 246
19.2 Objective 246
19.3 Context 247
19.4 Activities 248
19.5 Tailoring guidelines 256
20 Closing a project 259
20.1 Purpose 260
20.2 Objective 260
20.3 Context 260
20.4 Activities 262
20.5 Tailoring guidelines 268
21 Considerations for organizational adoption 271
21.1 Tailoring PRINCE2 for an organization 272
21.2 Embedding PRINCE2 in the organization 281
APPENDICES
A Product description outlines 289
B Standards alignment 333
C Roles and responsibilities 337
D Product-based planning example 349
E Health check 357
Further research 365
Glossary 369
Index 391
vi
List of figures
Figure 1.1 The structure of PRINCE2 3
Figure 2.1 Project management 10
Figure 2.2 Projects in the context of portfolios and programmes 11
Figure 4.1 Constraints and influences on tailoring a project 33
Figure 4.2 Tailoring PRINCE2 to create an organization’s project management method 38
Figure 6.1 Relationship between outputs, outcomes and benefits 47
Figure 6.2 The development path of the business case 49
Figure 7.1 The three principal project interests 59
Figure 7.2 The four levels of management within the project management structure 60
Figure 7.3 PRINCE2 project management team roles 63
Figure 7.4 The many facets of the project manager role 66
Figure 8.1 The quality audit trail 81
Figure 9.1 How PRINCE2’s plans relate to each other 99
Figure 9.2 PRINCE2’s recommended approach to product-based planning 102
Figure 9.3 Work defined by delivery steps 104
Figure 9.4 Delivery steps crossing management stage boundaries 104
Figure 9.5 Delivery steps aligned with management stages 104
Figure 9.6 PRINCE2’s recommended approach to defining and analysing the products 106
Figure 9.7 Simple activity-on-node diagram 112
Figure 10.1 The risk management procedure 123
Figure 10.2 Example of a risk breakdown structure 128
Figure 10.3 Example of a probability impact grid 128
Figure 10.4 Example of a summary risk profile 130
Figure 11.1 Issue and change control procedure 144
Figure 11.2 Options analysis 145
Figure 12.1 Delegating tolerance and reporting actual and forecast progress 150
Figure 13.1 The PRINCE2 processes 158
Figure 13.2 PRINCE2 process model 161
Figure 13.3 Relationship between processes, activities and actions 162
Figure 13.4 Key to process diagrams 163
Figure 14.1 Overview of starting up a project 167
Figure 14.2 Appoint the executive and the project manager: activity summary 168
Figure 14.3 Capture previous lessons: activity summary 170
Figure 14.4 Design and appoint the project management team: activity summary 171
Figure 14.5 Prepare the outline business case: activity summary 172
vii
Managing Successful Projects with PRINCE2®
Figure 14.6 Select the project approach and assemble the project brief: activity summary 174
Figure 14.7 Plan the initiation stage: activity summary 176
Figure 15.1 Overview of directing a project 181
Figure 15.2 Authorize initiation: activity summary 182
Figure 15.3 Authorize the project: activity summary 184
Figure 15.4 Authorize a stage or exception plan: activity summary 186
Figure 15.5 Give ad hoc direction: activity summary 188
Figure 15.6 Authorize project closure: activity summary 190
Figure 16.1 Overview of initiating a project 197
Figure 16.2 Agree the tailoring requirements: activity summary 198
Figure 16.3 Prepare the risk management approach: activity summary 200
Figure 16.4 Prepare the change control approach: activity summary 201
Figure 16.5 Prepare the quality management approach: activity summary 202
Figure 16.6 Prepare the communication management approach: activity summary 204
Figure 16.7 Set up the project controls: activity summary 206
Figure 16.8 Create the project plan: activity summary 207
Figure 16.9 Prepare the benefits management approach: activity summary 209
Figure 16.10 Assemble the project initiation documentation: activity summary 211
Figure 17.1 Overview of controlling a stage 217
Figure 17.2 Authorize a work package: activity summary 219
Figure 17.3 Review work package status: activity summary 221
Figure 17.4 Receive completed work packages: activity summary 222
Figure 17.5 Review the management stage status: activity summary 223
Figure 17.6 Report highlights: activity summary 226
Figure 17.7 Capture and assess issues and risks: activity summary 227
Figure 17.8 Escalate issues and risks: activity summary 229
Figure 17.9 Take corrective action: activity summary 230
Figure 18.1 Overview of managing product delivery 237
Figure 18.2 Accept a work package: activity summary 238
Figure 18.3 Execute a work package: activity summary 239
Figure 18.4 Deliver a work package: activity summary 241
Figure 19.1 Overview of managing a stage boundary 247
Figure 19.2 Plan the next management stage: activity summary 249
Figure 19.3 Update the project plan: activity summary 250
Figure 19.4 Update the business case: activity summary 252
Figure 19.5 Report management stage end: activity summary 253
Figure 19.6 Produce an exception plan: activity summary 255
Figure 20.1 Overview of closing a project 261
viii