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Managing Power Electronics: Vlsi and dsp-Driven Computer Systems PDF

405 Pages·2005·19.465 MB·English
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MANAGING POWER ELECTRONICS VLSl and DSP-Driven Computer Systems Dr. Nazzareno Rossetti This Page Intentionally Left Blank MANAGING POWER ELECTRONICS VLSl and DSP-Driven Computer Systems Dr. Nazzareno Rossetti WILEY- INTERSCIENCE A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION Copyright 02 006 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. Published simultaneously in Canada. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 750-4470, or on the web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., I11 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-601 I, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permission. Limit of LiabilityDisclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a professional where appropriate. Neither the publisher nor author shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages. For general information on our other products and services or for technical support, please contact our Customer Care Department within the United States at (800) 762-2974, outside the United States at (3 17) 572-3993 or fax (3 17) 572-4002. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic format. For information about Wiley products, visit our web site at www.wiley.com. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: Rossetti, Nazzareno, 195 1- Managing power electronics : VLSl and DSP-driven compute! systems / Nazzareno Rossetti. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-I3 978-0-471-70959-6 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN-I0 0-471-70959-X (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Integrated circuits-Very large scale integration. 2. Semicon- ductors. 3. Signal processing-Digital techniques. 1. Title. 11. Title: VLSl and DSP-driven computer systems. TK7874.75.R67 2005 62 1.38 1'044-dc22 2005021296 Printed in the United States of America. I 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To Ash and Ty, my two pearls This Page Intentionally Left Blank ...................................................................... Foreword....... xv .. .................................. ............ .... .. ............. .. ....... ..... Preface xvii .......................................................................... 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Technology Landscape 1 1.2 A Young Industry after All 4 ...................................... 2 Power Management Technologies 9 2.1 Introduction 9 2.2 Integrated Circuits Power Technology: Processing and Packaging 10 Diodes and Bipolar Transistors 10 Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) Transistors 15 DMOS Transistors 16 CMOS Transistors 17 Passive Components 17 A Monolithic Process Example 18 Packaging 18 2.3 Discrete Power Technology: Processing and Packaging 20 From Wall to Board 20 Power MOSFET Technology Basics 21 Package Technologies 23 2.4 Ongoing Trends 24 vii viii Contents ............................................................................... 3 Circuits 25 Part I Analog Circuits 26 3.1 Transistors 26 NPN 26 PNP 27 Trans-Conductance 27 Transistor as Transfer-Resistor 28 Transistor Equations 29 MOS versus Bipolar Transistors 30 3.2 Elementary Circuits 32 Current Mirror 32 Current Source 32 Differential Input Stage 33 Differential to Single Input Stage 34 Buffer 35 3.3 Operational Amplifier (Opamp) 35 Inverting and Non-Inverting Inputs 36 Rail to Rail Output Operation 37 CMOSOpamp 37 Opamp Symbol and Configurations 38 DC Open Loop Gain 38 AC Open Loop Gain 39 3.4 Voltage Reference 41 Positive TC of AVBE 41 Negative TC of VBE 4 1 Build a AVBE 42 Building a Voltage Reference 43 Fractional Band-Gap Voltage Reference 44 3.5 Voltage Regulator 46 3.6 Linear versus Switching 48 3.7 Switching Regulators 49 3.8 Buck Converters 49 Switching Regulator Power Train 50 Output Capacitor 52 Electrolytic Capacitors and Transient Response 52 Ceramic Capacitors 53 Losses in the Power Train 55 The Analog Modulator 56 Driver 57

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