Man and his Work PDF
Preview Man and his Work
MAN AND HISW ORK � Editebdy A.G. ZdravomyslVo.vP ,.R ozhiann dV .A .I adov EnglisThe xtT ranslaatnedd Edibtye d StephePn.D unn InternatAirotansna dlS cienPcreess Isn,c . WhitPel aiNnesw,Y ork Originally puabsl Cihsheeldo ive erkor abobtya "Mys!"P'u blishHionugs eM,o scow,1 967 EditorAs.G:. ZdravomyslVo.vP ,.R ozhiann dV .A .l adov Editoarn dt ranslaotfEo nrg litsehx tS:t ephePn.D unn LibraorfyC ongresCsa talCoagr dN umber7 2-77457 lntemtaionAarlt sa ndS ceincePsr eslsn,c . WhitPel ainNse,w York1 0603 © 1970by I nternatiAorntasaln dS ciencePsr ess, Inc. All righrtess erved Printine dt heU niteSdt ateosfA merica ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Iti sa priviletgoep resentth ism ajorw ork ofS oviet socioloignya completEen glisthr ansliaotn. I wisht ot hankmy wifeE,t heDuln n, andM rs.J udith Fabryf ort heipra tienatn d( usualluyn)c omplaining laborisn t hep reparatioofnt hem anuscript. StpehenP .D unn BerkeleyC,a lifornia CONTENTS Intrdouction 1 ChapteIr. MethodologiPcoaslt ulateMset,h ods andT echniquoef t heS tudy( Research Program) 10 1. SpecificatoifBo ans icC onceptosf t he Investigation 12 2. Attitude Toward aLsaa b Roers ulotf t he InteractoifoS no ciaFla ctors 35 3. BasicH ypotheseosft heS tudy 44 4. Objecotf R esearcahn dD escriptioofnt he Sample 49 5. Methodsa ndT echniquoef G atheriangn d Processitnhge P rimaryI nformation 58 6. Organizatioann dI mplementatoifot nh e Study 84 7. Programf orA nalysiosf P rimaryI nfo-r mationa,n dP lano fF urtheErxp osition 87 ChapteIrI .O bjectiavned S ubjectiCvhea racteris ticso ft heA ttituTdoew ardL abor 95 1. ObjectiIvned iceosf t heA ttiteu Tdoward Labora ndt heF actorDse terminiIntg 95 2. FactorDse terminitnhge L evelo fG eneral Satisfactwiiotnht heJ ob 119 ChapterM oitveosfL aborAicntgi vaindt y III. TheCiorn necwtiitCohon n toefn t Labor 105 1.D etertmiioonnfMa oitvseo fL aboring Acitvibtyty h Sep ecCifhaircar citisects ofC onectrSeo ciStiaulia otns 135 2.G eneSrtarlu ec tMouorfit veosfL abroing Activity 128 3.I nlfueeno cfS pefciPicec uliieasro iftt he ContaennCdt ha racotfeL ra boornt he AttdietT uowarLdab or 197 ChaptIeVr. ITnhfeeln euco fS omTey pollo gica Charcateriosftt hiPece sro sniatly of Wtohrek oenrt hAet tutdieT oward Labor 223 1.S omVea lOureei ntatoifto hnIesn ddiuvail Wokrre 234 2.A gean Sde x thoWefo rker 253 3.L evoefGl e neErdauclia otonft hWeo krre 263 ChaptVe.rF inCaonlcl suioannsPd r opsoals 248 1.B acsC ionlucsions 248 2.P racatlPi rocpsoalFsol wiOnugot f t he Stuodfty h Teen decnieosfC hangient he AtittudoefY onugW orkiPenogp Tloew ard Labor 300 Appensd ice A.D ocumePnertatsi nitnot gh Ceol lection ofPr imrayD ata 361 B.A StiatsticAaplp arfaotuAnrsa lysoifs RawDa ta 334 C.B asSiumcm aryT ables 307 RefecreeCsni ted 394 INTRODUTCION Thisb ookt hireses ulotff ouyre aorfws o rkb yt hset aofftf h e LaboratoorfSy o ciioacllRo esgeracuhn dethrPe h ilosoFpahcical (!) ultoyfL eningSrtaadUt niev resyi.t Ittshm eei st hweo raktt i tudey ooufwn ogr kresi na lairnugdset rcieaenlrts ,u cahsL enin graid.s W ek now Mtahraextx psresedt hied ae tohfte r nasofrma tioonfl b aoirn tao r fsit neleeiud fn dotefhr ce o nidoinotsf h gihly develcoopmeumdni tss ocyi.Te otw hadte rgeiest hper ophveitic sino tohffe o urn desoifcne ticfoimcum nsimb eing torramnesdf intaoc tuyai lnai s tocitehtyah tab su isloitca slmia nhda psr o clmaeidt hbeu ilodfic nogmu mnistmob ei tnse xatn idm mietade ai?m Whaitst hper seenptciu troef t haet tittouwdaelr bado irn itmso smta ssivfero mi,n udsrtilaalrb o,an adm ontgh apta rotf thweo rkcilnagws hsi chm aniyrn es pcestd etemrinetsh iem mied atper sopcestf rot hdee veloopfms eoncttiy e a-monygo uwnogkr inpge op?l Wehafta ocrtisn ufelntchece h anignte h aet tittuode warldba o,ri nw hadtri eicot,na ntdo w hadteg ere? otrhw eodrs: In whahtel pasn wdh ahti nrdste hter anmsaftoirooflnb a oirn tao frits endeo flf ieT?h iisst hceo mploefq xus etiocnosn sriediden thbeo ok. generfarolm, m ans'a ttittouwdaelr bado irs d eertmidnb ey In therm eainf acrt.soF iristit s,c onditbiyto hnteeo dt yao lfai ltl threel aotnishtihpaestx s iti ns ocyia entcdh filebyyt hseo oceico nominca rtueo ft hseo cyi,te htseo cietsailoo nfld baiov,rti hseo cilas truurc,eat sw elalst hpeo litsiucpraesrltu ctouftr hege i ven socyia enttdh ceo ntoefpn utlb icco nsucsinsoe.sT hteo tyao lfri et laotnishiinsp osc yi,pe rtmiaryit lheeoc noimco nse,de temrinse thtey poefa ttittouwdaelr bado. rT husf,o erx am,pt lheaeil ena tionl baootfra skpe laucned ecarp liitsawmh erlbeaor ,in M ar'xs 1 words,be cosm heao stfirolecec ournptsoeetdot hweo rekrA. veriym ptoarncto ndiftoioroev nro cmitnhgae l ienoafltb aioo-rn thoungothth oen lcyo ndi-tiitsoh nre e mvoaolfp rviatper orptey int hmee naso fp ruocdtiaonodnf t hveer yp ossibiyit leoxf plaoit tioCno.m pleeiltmeai tniooftn h ael ienoaflt baiooirns n othing butth ter iuomfpt hhh ei hgestp haosfec ommunsits ocyi:teh te crteiaoonft hmea te-retihcanlicbaalso efc ommunainsdm theei lmiantioofns g inicfaindtie ferfnecsb ewteecni tayn d cuontsriy,db eewteecnl ass,sae ndb etweent hbea ssicoci al grouwpist hcilnae ss.sT hissg iniifetsh eeuq alziatiooftn hc eo n tetno flb aoarn ,di nt hferi sitn sntc,aet hreem ovaolfs ingicfaint diefrfnecseb ewteenp eopelnaegg eidnm entaalnp dhy sciawlo rk, ansdk ilalneuddn skeidwl olrtkh;ce r teiaotnh,a ntkos cthhagene int hceo ntoefn tl aanbtdoh rie n rcaesien l esiur,e coofn idoints fodre velopwionregkr t'pheser n saolailtoym nagn yl isn;teh e trnasittioto hnce o mumnsitp rincoifdp silter ibauctcriodointn og needIn. o thweorr ,d stshoicsci ooonemiacs pcet tohafet titude toward ilsda eebrtomri nbeytd h ceh arrao cfltb aeoirn ab roda scoiasle n.s e In thseec onpdlc ae,t haet tittouwdaelr bado irs c onditbiyo ned thtee chnoloorfg ucintciaaollpn eculiiseao rfti hcteo ntoefanp ta r ticucloanrce rf reomto flb aorinagci tviTthyef.u cntiocnotaneln t oflb aocra bne r eudcde,i nt hfei naanlas liytso,a t otyao lfoi bt jcetiovpep oretunsi(t eii..n,od te penodnit nhwgeo rkheirsm e)l f fotrh dee veloopfmt ehinen tvd iid'useal ssetnicarlt eiavcea paci tisei nt hgevi ecno nrectef oromfl b aorinagcv tiity. In thteh iprlda ,ct ehaet tittouwdaer d ilsca onbnecotre wdi th thpee culiieaosrft i hsteo icalcloyn ditsitornuecodtf u rwteohr ek er'spe sronyal:ti hcteo ntaennidtn tietnoysft hien diuva'lisnde eds and eirntetsst,h ceh atrreao cfh siv itiadles aa lnsd trisv,ain ndg asloh iisn diidvuianlc liion,nha sittsy poefn ervosuysset me,t c. Thus,t haet tittouwdaelr adb oonrt hoeb ejtcivlee viesdl e etr mindeb yt hceh arearoc flt ab(oir,. i edt.e peonndt sht ey poefr e lationisnsh oicpyis)ae ntbdy t hceo ntoeflnb ato (rt hfnuec itonal pecluiairseio tft hceo rnetcef oromfl b aorinagc tyi,)vw ihtiflreo m thpeo ionfvte i wo ft hseu ebtjco ft hsia ttitiutid sde ee trminbeyd thtepy oloigaclp eculiiaerosift t hweo rekr'spe sronyal.Ti htec o-n tenotfl b aor,lk iet hpeer sonatlyip,ti eysp reeedtmrindeb yt he tedenncsio eft hdee veloopfmt eencth nolporoggrisecsaa nlod ft he realtionisnhs iopcysi. e t fu thper see nwto rtkh,te e ndetnocwyat rrda onrsimfnlga bionrt o 2 mans' rftsin eeodfl eiw filblec onsrieddet htdeoe rgeteow hcih thipsr oscsie sd etremniebdy t hfeu cntiocnoanlt oeflnb ato arn d thpeer sonay lciahtraercitisctosf t hweo rkere mplody ieni n dust.rT yheb asmiecht oadp plitcoat bhslete u odfty h e sqituoen posiesdt h aotfc nocrees tocoiigocllra eserac.h Sociioacllro esgearicsth h mea n-yisdeadn udn ifsiteudod fay parctuilsaocri parlo ebm,lb asoendm ethoadnstd ce hnuiesqf or gahterianngd cperisonsg mparrdyia tae,c lisladpye velfoopre d appclaititoon tphrioesbm l.Th eob ejtcso fr esrecashut dibeyd thseo clioogciossntttu itaen i nterweoafvv airnigso puhrsee osf sociarlael i.Tt yhaet utditeto walrbado, rf oerx am,pi lsaep rob leimn w hcihe ocnmoic,jr uiicdaelt,ch ai,lp sycghcioal,lao nodht err ealtoinssha irpien terwioncv oemnp lfeaxs h.i on Marsxtpi hisloopihsyt hgee nemreahtlo doclaoblga iss isoof ci oliocgarles eahr.Hc owerv,ien o rdteors u tdtyh qeu estiino n grteeadre tlai,iti s n oetn ohut gok notwh gee nelraaswlo f csioal devleopmfeonmrtu labtyeh dsi tormiactaealrl siim.F otrh siw e mutst urtnoa b roadilnylc usigvreoo ufpn eihgboridnigcs iplsi.n e Fotrh sir esaoinit son oef t hpee culiieaosrfs i otclioicogarle saerhct haitti si nrtidesicpliinnac rhyac rtraea nid sa s rau le carerdoi ubty a s cniteiictf ea.m In prpearitnhmgea teroifa ltssht iufsdo ytr h peer sswe,h ave tirendo sti pmltyo s eftro htt hrees ul,t sbtuort e evaals much as possibtlhece no teonftt h ree srehcap roscses eiflta,n odf t hceo l lcetiaonnad n asliyosft heem picraidla ta. In thferi tsp la,c etmheihtso odf e xposwiitlilro mnpi teth e raedetrod siocverp ossibfllesa wtihnle o cgo ifo uirtn erparteiton ori nt htece hnioqfau nea slsiyo ft hdeat .aT hsii se pseciailmly poarntbtec autshebe o oiksi ntedn,d teihfnei naanlya islst,op ro videi tcison n ucslioanr slei aobrleien taitnio ouner v reydaacy tiyv;it thiesn uffciinetlvya lidraectoemdm deaintonosfa s oclioo gsitt,h asn ktthoie rs ceintcia fppieanrcea,c adno m orhea mr than spceulaetxipvsreise onosfd esirteh actlm a nios ceinftciib aiss. Seco,bn yd stm hetihoodfe xpsoiito,wn eh opteos atyi,s tfthoe extetnhtao tu erx preieena cnkdn oewdlegp ermit, etrheeos fti nt ab roapdub ilci nt hset uodfty h mee thodya onltdoce ghnisqo ufe cornceets oicarles ecahr. tInhs is eniswtea si mportatnost h ow ho,w ubsiyn tgh per incsoi fpt lhMeea rsxtai pprotaotc hhse ut dy ofs oicaplh neomen,aa nwdi htt haei dc oonfmt peoramrehyto ds and tecfhongria hqteuersia nnagdn yazlienmgp icraidla t,ta hseo ciloogtdi rsawtsot hseu rftahcee e tocbijvtee nndcieeosf csioal 3 develop.mT ehnsut,th aei mi nw rittiihnsbg o koi st woolf:dt os et fohrt threes ulotfts h set uodfay t tittouwdaewr odr akm ontgh e younwgo rkipnego polfLe e ingnra,ad nd atcoq utat eihr nedaer witht hceh arraictistceosft ehs ociiotsl'wosog r.k Thep reossfino oMfa rasx tsi oocligiositsn onte .w iso nly It somoeft ehf ucntiwohnissc ohi colyio gsb eginnicnagr ortuyoit n Soviseotcy it ehtaatr rele avteyiln e.wT hef ucntioonfts hs eo ciol oigtsm ay brele atteovd a riloeuvsoe fls soo cliioacgla nyasils. In teh rftsip la,ct eheriest eh an alsyiosfp roscseeoscu crrionntg eh sacloefw orhlsidt oarnycd o nnectewdi tthh set rubggewlteeet nw o opposseodc cioonmeoiocr dres- tehs oclsiitaa ntdh cea pist.ta li Ont ihsl eevls,o ciyoc laorgsro iuetteh oertciaaln ided logoiacl fnuctnis;io nM arsxmit,h seec oin,cw ihdielec apiinst -taolerinited sociyo tlhoiegd eoialclof gucntiaopnpa ersu ndteehrd efeen siv covoefsr o -callobjedet vciis.m thseec onpdlc ae,t ehriest hset uodfty eh i nrtanelp rolbems In oft ehs oclsiitas ocloi raedr.O nt ihsl eevls,o clioyogf uflisls lev erlaf ucnitnosi:n foartmilot,nh aees esncoefw hilcihse diesn rcib inagn adn azlniygs oaclpi rosceses;c irti,ci anwl hiccah sseoi col oygi san i sntrumfeonertav luianptgo ssibsloel uttioso ocnisa l prolbemasn cdo ntrasdi;acn tdteh iooernti,cw ahleinpt r osv espo sbil,eo nt hbea soifds si ocverreegudl aireiastn tde enndiceosfd e velopmteogn itv,em oear olre ssspc eiifcp rnoogsiosff urteu de velopmtae nndc hanignte h seo coiraalgns ima s wah oalneid n i ts morsei gniicfacnotpm one.n ts Filnyla,s ociyo lsotgsui dnideuiavsliu dsbysmtseo fs ocyio ert speiccpi rfolbemosfa ne ocnomi,pc oliaic,ltc ulat,luo rrs omoeht erc harear,cr tihgtd owtnot eha nlasyiosfs oclpi rabolmesi nteh prmiargyr uoposf w hiscoh cyii esct omspdeo:t heen tesre,pt rehi worgkr o,ut pehl arogres mlals etltemnett,eh a dmisntiraateginve cyt,eh fa,me it.lcS yociioacllao ngaslsiyi ss buorditneia nt ihsc aes tot eht asokfss citfeicinr egulaatnicdo onn torfso olc lpi raoscsees withari lnea vteillyi misthpeedr. e ohtewro drst,eh s ociioslstpo 'rgosfiseomnay bree psreetned In inan umrbo efs pceiazltaiio-nfsr otmeh oeritcnit aoe nngeier antde ncihcni.Aa montgh oeb glaiotniosf t hlea titseter hs aerch focro cnrees toluttiopo rnolsbe mosfm anageemncto ncnetedw iht ap artiscouiclapalrr o lbemH.o wveer,i ng iviinngf ormaastt oi on tehw ayo fa doptapi onsgsi bsloel uttihsoeon c,li oiogsitso bgltaied tov alaithdesi c onclussoti hoatnethsp ubliocrs taatgee nmcaky intgh deec siiowni lhlav feu olplp ruotnittocy he kct hree lbiiyal it 4
The list of books you might like
