Making Leisure Provision for People with Profound Learning and Multiple Disabilities PDF
Preview Making Leisure Provision for People with Profound Learning and Multiple Disabilities
Making Leisure Provision for People with Profound Learning and Multiple Disabilities Making Leisure Provision for People vvith Profound Learning and Multiple Disabilities Edited by ]. Hogg Director, White Top Centre and White Top Research Unit, University of Dundee, UK and J. Cavet Senior Lecturer, School of Social Sciences, University of Staffordshire, UK SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B. V. First edition 1995 © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 1995 Originally published by Chapman & Hall New York in 1995 Typeset in 10/12pt Palatino by Mews Photosetting, Beckenham, Kent ISBN 978-0-412-41150-2 ISBN 978-1-4899-4487-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4899-4487-0 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the UK Copyright Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may not be repro duced, stored, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction only in accordance with the terms of the licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency in the UK, or in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the appropriate Reproduction Rights Organization outside the UK. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the terms stated here should be sent to the publishers at the London address printed on this page. The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 94-72669 (Ç9 Printed on permanent acid-free text paper, manufactured in accordance with ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 and ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1984 (Permanence of Paper). Contents Contributors vii Foreword viii Part One Present Provision and Needs 1 1 Sources of information about the leisure of people with profound and multiple disabilities 3 Judith Cavet 2 The ecology of leisure provision: contexts and engagement 36 James Hogg 3 Leisure provision in Europe 49 Judith Cavet Part Two Environments and Activities 65 4 Multisensory environments 67 Judith Cavet and Helen Mount 5 Physical activities 86 Mark Leach and Howard Bailey 6 Task-orientated enjoyment 97 Freda Abbro 7 Gardening: a multisensory experience 113 Loretto Lambe 8 Art, drama and music 131 Helen Mount 9 Holidays and outings 160 Loretto Lambe and Helen Mount vi Contents 10 Play materials 178 Carol Ouvry and Suzie Mitchell 11 Microtechnology 197 Nick Pronger 12 Aromatherapy 212 Helen Sanderson Part Three Leisure Training for Parents, Carers and Volunteers 227 13 Leisure workshops for parents and carers 229 Loretto Lambe and Helen Mount 14 The development of a leisure resource training pack for those working with people with profound and multiple disabilities 243 Loretto Lambe Author index 257 Subject index 261 Contributors Freda Abbro, Parent and educator of people with learning disabilities, Banstead, Surrey Howard Bailey, Manager, The Spastics Society Recreation Services, Nottingham Judith Cavet, Senior Lecturer in Social Work, Dept. of Sociology, University of Staffordshire Professor James Hogg, Director, White Top Research Unit and Centre, Dept. of Social Work, University of Dundee Loretto Lambe, PAM15 Projects Director, White Top Research Unit, University of Dundee Mark Leach, Pro-motion officer, The Spastics Society, London Suzie Mitchell, Educational Psychologist, Borough of Camden, London Helen Mount, Coordinator, Mencap PIMD Section, Manchester Carol Ouvry, Independent Special Education Advisor, Ross-on-Wye, Herefordshire Nick Pronger, Director, Brilliant Computing, Bradford Helen Sanderson, Development Officer, Mancunian Community Health NHS Trust, Manchester Foreword Leisure has become a central preoccupation of society and the individual in the second half of the 20th century. The provision of leisure is now of paramount significance in the economy of many countries, with tourism the largest single world industry. From a past when only the privileged few had time to spare we have moved to a situation in which access to the leisure pursuits of our choice is view ed as an essential prerequisite for a good quality of life. For many of us, but by no means all, leisure time will occupy the largest single proportion of our waking life from the age of 18 years onwards. People with disabilities, as well as many other minority groups, have in the past been disadvantaged in their opportunity to participate in this expansion in leisure provision. In part this has stemmed from assumptions about the feasibility of their accessing many types of leisure pursuit coupled with a lack of concern to eliminate the barriers that lead to exclusion. This situation has now changed radically. There can be few, if any, activities left from which people with disabilities are excluded. Rose and Massey (1993) report not only on successful climbs up Kiliman jaro and the Alps by people with severe and profound learning disabilities, but on role reversals in these settings, in which the individuals with learning disabilities became the helpers and sustainers of their peers without disabilities. Nevertheless, even though this expansion of activities is the case, in reality barriers still remain - physical, organizational and attitudinal (Lawton, 1993). People with profound intellectual disability and multiple physical and/or sensory impairments have, until the past decade, been partic ularly disadvantaged in their access to leisure. This situation reflects not only the complexity of their needs and our failure to appreciate what they require to enhance the quality of their lives, but perhaps a too exclusive concern with their therapeutic, medical and educa tion needs, initially justifiable after decades of neglect. As noted in Chapter 2 of this book, parents' and carers' need for advice on, and access to, leisure provision remains great. Foreword ix The extent to which change has come, however, is reflected in a number of initiatives with which the editors, as well as the authors, of this volume have been involved. Cavet (1989), in a European Com mission supported study, has documented developments in several countries (summarized here in Chapter 3) in a wide range of service models reflecting both specialized and integrated provision. Lambe (1990) has brought together and described a variety of initiatives and activities in a distance training pack, discussed here in Chapter 14. The pack was the outcome of extensive work by Mencap's PRMH Project during the 1980s in which, through surveys, discussion with parent groups and contact with professionals, a clearer view of what was required was refined and developed in several areas, including leisure. The success of this venture has been confirmed by Mencap's setting up of its Profound Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities Section, showing a commitment to people with profound and multiple disabilities and their carers. In addition, PAMIS (Profound and Multiple Impairment Service), a new registered charity, is now engaged in an extensive national dissemination programme with parents and carers in which consideration of leisure provision plays an important part. H these initiatives account for the editors' immediate impetus to produce this book, we nevertheless wish to acknowledge how broadly based has been the movement to provide leisure opportunities for people with profound disabilities. All the contributors to this volume and the work of others that they cite have played a key role in moving this field forward. The impact of their work, however, is highly dependent upon wider changes in society's attitudes to profound disability and its willingness to share resources and opportunities on an equitable basis. In part this is a matter of education of public attitudes and of professionals in other fields, such as those in local authority recreation service depart ments. It also entails a commitment to imaginative thinking, innova tion and a sensitivity to the aspirations of those with profound disabilities to realize ways of ensuring access to leisure. The present volume focuses essentially on engagement in specific activities, rather than offering a detailed account of models of leisure provision. At present the situations in which leisure is offered are almost certainly biased towards specialist provision. However, as in other areas of disability, the trend is increasingly towards provision of leisure opportunities in integrated settings, where engagement takes place alongside and with peers. A model for such integration is clearly provided in Reed's (1991) development of the Meldreth games, and is vividly demonstrated in his recent accompanying videotape of the games. x Foreword This book sets out to offer a resource that will enable the interested reader to supplement his or her existing skills and to improve what is offered to those with whom they work or for whom they care. It also gives pointers as to how training may be given to front-line staff and volunteers, and to areas where further collection and dissemina tion of information, as well as research, would be beneficial. Its prin cipal justification will be its usefulness to those who work with people with profound disabilities, and the extent to which the latter's quality of life is enhanced. Cavet, J. (1989) Occupational and Leisure Activities for Peaple with Profound Retard ation and Multiple Impairments: A Study of Creative Activities to Facilitate Social Integration, Hester Adrian Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester. Lambe, L. (1990) Leisure Resource Training Pack for People with Profound and Multiple Disabilities, Mencap, London. Lawton, M. (1993) From Startrac to leisure choice: the first slow steps towards change, in Disabling Barriers - Enabling Environments, (eds J. Swain, V. Finkelstein, S. French and M. Oliver) Sage and Open University, London, pp. 178-85. Reed, L. (1991) Games with a New Look for All Ability Levels, The Spastics Society, Meldreth, Herts. Rose, S. and Massey, P. (1993) Adventurous outdoor activities: an investiga tion into the benefits of adventure for seven people with severe learning difficulties, Mental Handicap Research, 6, 287-301.
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