Magrini WS 24&25 april 2018 V1

37 Pages·2017·30.75 MB·English

LEGVALUE Project (started in 2017)
http://www.legvalue.eu
Session 3 - Integration of plant proteins
in food and feed systems
Why and how to promote more diversified protein
plants as pulses in agrifood systems ?
Marie-Benoît MAGRINI
Economist, INRA & Toulouse University, France
Head of legumes resarch group at INRA
ODYCEE Research team on knowledge and innovation
dynamics in value chains and territories
[email protected]
Workshop « Research & Innovation in Plant Proteins »
Brussels 24&24 April 2018
LEGUMES CLASSIFICATION
Legumes: plants fixing atmospheric nitrogen through symbiosis with soil bacteria to produce
protein-rich plants >18% protein content (dry weight).
Europe, various terms : protein crops, (dried) pulses, fodders, soya (oil-protein-seed)…
Australia, Canada, USA : pulses are grain-legumes for food/feed, excluding legumes rich in oil like soybeans.
FOOD USES
FEED USES
GRAIN
FODDER
‘OIL’-LEGUMES
LEGUMES
Soya… LEGUMES
Lupins
Faba Beans
Peas…
Lentils
…
Chickpeas Varieties Grain/Fodder
Dried Beans
Alfalfa,
…
Clover….
2
LEGUMES CLASSIFICATION
Legumes: plants fixing atmospheric nitrogen through symbiosis with soil bacteria to produce
protein-rich plants >18% protein content (dry weight).
Europe, various terms : protein crops, (dried) pulses, fodders, soya (oil-protein-seed)…
Australia, Canada,USA : pulses are grain-legumes for food/feed, excluding legumes rich in oil like soybeans.
FOOD USES
FEED USES
GRAIN
FODDER
‘OIL’-LEGUMES
LEGUMES
Richness
Soya… LEGUMES
in protein
Lupins
Faba Beans
Peas…
Lentils …
Chickpeas Varieties Grain/Fodder
Dried Beans
Alfalfa,
…
Clover….
3
LEGUMES CLASSIFICATION
Legumes: plants fixing atmospheric nitrogen through symbiosis with soil bacteria to produce
protein-rich plants >18% protein content (dry weight).
Europe, various terms : protein crops, (dried) pulses, fodders, soya (oil-protein-seed)…
Australia, Canada,USA : pulses are grain-legumes for food/feed, excluding legumes rich in oil like soybeans.
FOOD USES
FEED USES
GRAIN
FODDER
‘OIL’-LEGUMES
LEGUMES
Richness
Soya… LEGUMES
in protein
Lupins
Faba Beans
PULSES CULTIVATED IN EUROPE
Peas…
% protein [18 ; 30 ] dry weight
Lentils …
Chickpeas Varietes Grain/Fodder
Dried Beans
Alfalfa,
…
PULSES Clover….
In Henchion et al., 2017
4
SUSTAINABILITY AGRIFOOD TRANSITION
= interconnected transitions & challenges
ENERGY &
More bio-diversity NUTRITIONAL
ECOLOGICAL
resources TRANSITION
TRANSITION
AGRIFOOD
Less animal-based
Healthier
TRANSITION consumption
environment
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL
DEMOGRAPHIC
Healthier food
TRANSITION
TRANSITION
5
PULSES = a key pillar of sustainability agrifood transition
Ecosystems services from pulses/legumes :
⬊ nitrogen need = ⬊ GHG
⬈ soil fertility and water efficiency
⬈ crop diversification = ⬊ pesticides
➚ pollination…
à A PILLAR OF AGROECOLOGY
ENERGY &
More bio-diversity NUTRITIONAL
ECOLOGICAL
resources TRANSITION
TRANSITION
AGRIFOOD
Lessanimal-based
Healthier
TRANSITION consumption
environment
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL
DEMOGRAPHIC
Healthierfood
TRANSITION
TRANSITION
6
PULSES = a key pillar of sustainability agrifood transition
Ecosystems services from pulses/legumes :
⬊ nitrogen need = ⬊ GHG
⬈ soil fertility and water efficiency Pulses nutritional properties for food:
⬈ crop diversification = ⬊ pesticides ⬈ fiber intake without gluten problem
➚ pollinisation… ➚ micronutrients diversity intake…
à A PILLAR OF AGROECOLOGY ⬈ plant-based protein intake,
complementarity with cereals
ENERGY &
More bio-diversity NUTRITIONAL
ECOLOGICAL
resources TRANSITION à A PILLAR OF LOW ANIMAL-BASED
TRANSITION
DIETS
AGRIFOOD
Lessanimal-based
Healthier
TRANSITION consumption
environment
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL
DEMOGRAPHIC
Healthierfood
TRANSITION
TRANSITION
7
PULSES = a key pillar of sustainability agrifood transition
Ecosystems services from pulses/legumes : Useful nutritional properties for food:
⬊ nitrogen need = ⬊ GHG ⬈ plant-based protein intake,
⬈ soil fertility and water efficiency complementarity with cereals
⬈ crop diversification = ⬊ pesticides ⬈ fiber intake without gluten problem
➚ pollinisation… ➚ micronutrients diversity intake…
à A PILLAR OF AGROECOLOGY à PULSES, A PILLAR OF LOW ANIMAL-
BASED DIETS
ENERGY &
More bio-diversity NUTRITIONAL
ECOLOGICAL
resources TRANSITION
TRANSITION
AGRIFOOD
Lessanimal-based
Healthier
TRANSITION consumption
environment
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL
DEMOGRAPHIC
Healthierfood
TRANSITION
TRANSITION
Health effect of regular consumption of pulses:
⬊ diabetes, cholesterol..
⬊ obesity risk ⬊ Scarcopenia…
⬊ cancers…
à HEALTHY FOOD from children to the elderly
8
PULSES = a key pillar of sustainability agrifood transition
Ecosystems services from legumes : Useful nutritional properties for
⬊ nitrogen need = ⬊ GHG food:
⬈ soil fertility and water efficiency ⬈ plant-based protein intake,
⬈ crop diversification = ⬊ pesticides complementarity with cereals
➚ pollinisation… ⬈ fiber intake without gluten
à LEGUMES, A PILLAR OF AGROECOLOGY problem
➚ micronutrients diversity intake…
ENERGY &
More bio-diversity NUTRITIONAL
ECOLOGICAL resources TRANSITION à PULSES, A PILLAR OF LOW
TRANSITION
ANIMAL-BASED DIETS
AGRIFOOD
Lessanimal-based
Healthier
TRANSITION consumption
environment
Health effect of regular
consumption of pulses:
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL
DEMOGRAPHIC Healthierfood ⬊ diabetes, cholesterol…
TRANSITION
TRANSITION
⬊ obesity risk
Increase food security… and so, peace : ⬊ cancers…
Sustainable and “cheap” protein à A PILLAR OF HEALTHY FOOD
⬈ global demand : new export markets from children to eldery
à in the Mediterranean region : traditional
food, European food quality recognized…
à In India, China : ⬈ import of PULSES
9
PULSES = a key pillar of sustainability agrifood transition
AGROECOLOGY HEALTH FOOD
= =
MORE BIODIVERSITY CULTIVATED WITH PULSES LOW ANIMAL-BASED DIETS
&
HIGH PULSES-BASED DIETS
ENERGY &
More bio-diversity NUTRITIONAL
ECOLOGICAL
resources TRANSITION
TRANSITION
AGRIFOOD
Healthier Lessanimal-based
environment TRANSITION consumption
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL
DEMOGRAPHIC
Healthierfood
TRANSITION
TRANSITION
PULSES FOR FOOD SECURITY
10