Magrini WS 24&25 april 2018 V1 PDF
Preview Magrini WS 24&25 april 2018 V1
LEGVALUE Project (started in 2017) http://www.legvalue.eu Session 3 - Integration of plant proteins in food and feed systems Why and how to promote more diversified protein plants as pulses in agrifood systems ? Marie-Benoît MAGRINI Economist, INRA & Toulouse University, France Head of legumes resarch group at INRA ODYCEE Research team on knowledge and innovation dynamics in value chains and territories [email protected] Workshop « Research & Innovation in Plant Proteins » Brussels 24&24 April 2018 LEGUMES CLASSIFICATION Legumes: plants fixing atmospheric nitrogen through symbiosis with soil bacteria to produce protein-rich plants >18% protein content (dry weight). Europe, various terms : protein crops, (dried) pulses, fodders, soya (oil-protein-seed)… Australia, Canada, USA : pulses are grain-legumes for food/feed, excluding legumes rich in oil like soybeans. FOOD USES FEED USES GRAIN FODDER ‘OIL’-LEGUMES LEGUMES Soya… LEGUMES Lupins Faba Beans Peas… Lentils … Chickpeas Varieties Grain/Fodder Dried Beans Alfalfa, … Clover…. 2 LEGUMES CLASSIFICATION Legumes: plants fixing atmospheric nitrogen through symbiosis with soil bacteria to produce protein-rich plants >18% protein content (dry weight). Europe, various terms : protein crops, (dried) pulses, fodders, soya (oil-protein-seed)… Australia, Canada,USA : pulses are grain-legumes for food/feed, excluding legumes rich in oil like soybeans. FOOD USES FEED USES GRAIN FODDER ‘OIL’-LEGUMES LEGUMES Richness Soya… LEGUMES in protein Lupins Faba Beans Peas… Lentils … Chickpeas Varieties Grain/Fodder Dried Beans Alfalfa, … Clover…. 3 LEGUMES CLASSIFICATION Legumes: plants fixing atmospheric nitrogen through symbiosis with soil bacteria to produce protein-rich plants >18% protein content (dry weight). Europe, various terms : protein crops, (dried) pulses, fodders, soya (oil-protein-seed)… Australia, Canada,USA : pulses are grain-legumes for food/feed, excluding legumes rich in oil like soybeans. FOOD USES FEED USES GRAIN FODDER ‘OIL’-LEGUMES LEGUMES Richness Soya… LEGUMES in protein Lupins Faba Beans PULSES CULTIVATED IN EUROPE Peas… % protein [18 ; 30 ] dry weight Lentils … Chickpeas Varietes Grain/Fodder Dried Beans Alfalfa, … PULSES Clover…. In Henchion et al., 2017 4 SUSTAINABILITY AGRIFOOD TRANSITION = interconnected transitions & challenges ENERGY & More bio-diversity NUTRITIONAL ECOLOGICAL resources TRANSITION TRANSITION AGRIFOOD Less animal-based Healthier TRANSITION consumption environment EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DEMOGRAPHIC Healthier food TRANSITION TRANSITION 5 PULSES = a key pillar of sustainability agrifood transition Ecosystems services from pulses/legumes : ⬊ nitrogen need = ⬊ GHG ⬈ soil fertility and water efficiency ⬈ crop diversification = ⬊ pesticides ➚ pollination… à A PILLAR OF AGROECOLOGY ENERGY & More bio-diversity NUTRITIONAL ECOLOGICAL resources TRANSITION TRANSITION AGRIFOOD Lessanimal-based Healthier TRANSITION consumption environment EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DEMOGRAPHIC Healthierfood TRANSITION TRANSITION 6 PULSES = a key pillar of sustainability agrifood transition Ecosystems services from pulses/legumes : ⬊ nitrogen need = ⬊ GHG ⬈ soil fertility and water efficiency Pulses nutritional properties for food: ⬈ crop diversification = ⬊ pesticides ⬈ fiber intake without gluten problem ➚ pollinisation… ➚ micronutrients diversity intake… à A PILLAR OF AGROECOLOGY ⬈ plant-based protein intake, complementarity with cereals ENERGY & More bio-diversity NUTRITIONAL ECOLOGICAL resources TRANSITION à A PILLAR OF LOW ANIMAL-BASED TRANSITION DIETS AGRIFOOD Lessanimal-based Healthier TRANSITION consumption environment EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DEMOGRAPHIC Healthierfood TRANSITION TRANSITION 7 PULSES = a key pillar of sustainability agrifood transition Ecosystems services from pulses/legumes : Useful nutritional properties for food: ⬊ nitrogen need = ⬊ GHG ⬈ plant-based protein intake, ⬈ soil fertility and water efficiency complementarity with cereals ⬈ crop diversification = ⬊ pesticides ⬈ fiber intake without gluten problem ➚ pollinisation… ➚ micronutrients diversity intake… à A PILLAR OF AGROECOLOGY à PULSES, A PILLAR OF LOW ANIMAL- BASED DIETS ENERGY & More bio-diversity NUTRITIONAL ECOLOGICAL resources TRANSITION TRANSITION AGRIFOOD Lessanimal-based Healthier TRANSITION consumption environment EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DEMOGRAPHIC Healthierfood TRANSITION TRANSITION Health effect of regular consumption of pulses: ⬊ diabetes, cholesterol.. ⬊ obesity risk ⬊ Scarcopenia… ⬊ cancers… à HEALTHY FOOD from children to the elderly 8 PULSES = a key pillar of sustainability agrifood transition Ecosystems services from legumes : Useful nutritional properties for ⬊ nitrogen need = ⬊ GHG food: ⬈ soil fertility and water efficiency ⬈ plant-based protein intake, ⬈ crop diversification = ⬊ pesticides complementarity with cereals ➚ pollinisation… ⬈ fiber intake without gluten à LEGUMES, A PILLAR OF AGROECOLOGY problem ➚ micronutrients diversity intake… ENERGY & More bio-diversity NUTRITIONAL ECOLOGICAL resources TRANSITION à PULSES, A PILLAR OF LOW TRANSITION ANIMAL-BASED DIETS AGRIFOOD Lessanimal-based Healthier TRANSITION consumption environment Health effect of regular consumption of pulses: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DEMOGRAPHIC Healthierfood ⬊ diabetes, cholesterol… TRANSITION TRANSITION ⬊ obesity risk Increase food security… and so, peace : ⬊ cancers… Sustainable and “cheap” protein à A PILLAR OF HEALTHY FOOD ⬈ global demand : new export markets from children to eldery à in the Mediterranean region : traditional food, European food quality recognized… à In India, China : ⬈ import of PULSES 9 PULSES = a key pillar of sustainability agrifood transition AGROECOLOGY HEALTH FOOD = = MORE BIODIVERSITY CULTIVATED WITH PULSES LOW ANIMAL-BASED DIETS & HIGH PULSES-BASED DIETS ENERGY & More bio-diversity NUTRITIONAL ECOLOGICAL resources TRANSITION TRANSITION AGRIFOOD Healthier Lessanimal-based environment TRANSITION consumption EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DEMOGRAPHIC Healthierfood TRANSITION TRANSITION PULSES FOR FOOD SECURITY 10
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