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Magnetic self-assembly with unique rotational alignment PDF

136 Pages·2015·1.74 MB·English
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Magnetic self-assembly with unique rotational alignment Emine Eda Kuran Propositions accompanyingthedissertation MAGNETICSELF-ASSEMBLYWITHUNIQUEROTATIONALALIGNMENT by EmineEdaKURAN 1. Inself-assembly,regardlessofthenatureoftheforcethatalignstheparts,using shapeasymmetryandshapematchingisnecessarytoreachauniquerotational alignment.(Thisthesis) 2. Self-assemblycannotdevelopintoanadvancedprocessforhigh-volumemanu- facturing,unlesstheresearchersstarttofocusondevelopingnewmethodsforpart presentationandpartfixationthatarecompatiblewiththephysicalconditionsof anindustrialenvironment.(Thisthesis) 3. Themostimportantfailuremechanisminthemanufacturingprocessofflexible electronicsisincompatibilityofmaterials.(Thisthesis) 4. Forassemblyofdelicateparts,afastanddeterministicpartpresentationmethod ismoreadvantageouscomparedtoastochasticone.(Thisthesis) 5. Duetothehighcostofrawmaterials,flexibleelectronicsapplicationsthatrequire asiliconchipwillneverenterthesmartpackagingmarketforperishablegoods. 6. Writingathesisisthemostenlighteningpartofthedoctoraleducation. 7. Knowinghowtoanalyzedataismoreimportantthanthedataitself. 8. Ifyouthinkaboutmoney, apreciousthingbecomesinexpensivewhenyoucan affordit.However,timeisalwaysprecious,evenifyouhaveplentyofit. 9. Trafficjamscouldberesolved,ifpeoplewouldhavebeenmoreproudoflivingin acountrywhichisentirelyaccessiblebypublictransportation,ratherthanbeing proudofhavingacar. 10. Someones comprehension relies more on being interested in a subject than on beingsmart. Thesepropositionsareregardedasopposableanddefendable,andhavebeenapproved assuchbythesupervisorProf.dr.UrsStaufer. Stellingen behorendebijhetproefschrift MAGNETICSELF-ASSEMBLYWITHUNIQUEROTATIONALALIGNMENT door EmineEdaKURAN 1. Bijzelf-assemblage,ongeachtdeaardvandekrachtwaarmeeonderdelenuitge- lijndworden,ishetgebruikvanvorm-asymmetrieenvorm-overeenkomstnood- zakelijkvoorhetbereikenvaneenuniekerotationeleuitlijning.(Ditproefschrift) 2. Zelf-assemblagekanzichnietontwikkelentoteengeavanceerdprocesvoormas- saproductie,tenzijdeonderzoekerszichgaanrichtenopdeontwikkelingvannieuwe methodenvoorhetaanbiedenenbevestigenvanonderdelen.Dezemethodendie- nencompatibeltezijnmetdeomstandighedenineenindustriëleomgeving. (Dit proefschrift) 3. Hetbelangrijkstefaalmechanismebijdeproductievanflexibeleelektronicaisin- compatibiliteittussenmaterialen.(Ditproefschrift) 4. Voordeassemblagevanfragieleonderdelen,genieteensnelleendeterministische onderdeel-aanbiedings-methodedevoorkeurboveneenstochastischemethode. (Ditproefschrift) 5. Vanwege de hoge materiaalkosten zullen flexibele elektronica toepassingen die eensiliciumchipbevattennooitgebruiktwordenvoorslimmeverpakkingenvan bederfelijkewaren. 6. Hetschrijvenvaneenproefschriftishetmeestverhelderendedeelvaneenpromo- tietraject. 7. Wetenhoedatateanalyserenisbelangrijkerdandedatazelf. 8. Watgeldbetreftwordtietskostbaarsgoedkoopalsjehetjekuntveroorloven.Maar tijdisaltijdkostbaar,zelfsalsjeergenoegvanhebt. 9. Fileskunnenopgelostwordenalsmensentrotserzijnopwonenineenlanddat geheeltebereizenismethetopenbaarvervoer,danophetbezitvaneenauto. 10. Iemandsbegripwordtmeerbeïnvloeddoorinteresseineenonderwerpdandoor intelligentie. Dezestellingenwordenopponeerbaarenverdedigbaargeachtenzijnalszodanig goedgekeurddoordepromotorProf.dr.UrsStaufer. MAGNETIC SELF-ASSEMBLY WITH UNIQUE ROTATIONAL ALIGNMENT MAGNETIC SELF-ASSEMBLY WITH UNIQUE ROTATIONAL ALIGNMENT Proefschrift terverkrijgingvandegraadvandoctor aandeTechnischeUniversiteitDelft, opgezagvandeRectorMagnificusprof.ir.K.C.A.M.Luyben, voorzittervanhetCollegevoorPromoties, inhetopenbaarteverdedigenop maandag9maart2015om12:30uur door EmineEda KURAN MasterofScienceinMechanicalEngineering ColumbiaUniversity,NewYork,USA geborenteHatay,Turkije. Ditproefschriftisgoedgekeurddoordepromotor: Prof.dr.U.Staufer Copromotor:Dr.Ir.M.Tichem Samenstellingpromotiecommissie: RectorMagnificus, voorzitter Prof.dr.U.Staufer, TechnischeUniversiteitDelft,promotor Dr.ir.M.Tichem, TechnischeUniversiteitDelft,copromotor Prof.dr.K.F.Böhringer UniversityofWashington Prof.dr.H.O.Jacobs TechnischeUniversitätIlmenau Prof.dr.rer.nat.A.H.Dietzel TechnischeUniversitätBraunschweig Prof.dr.ir.J.L.Herder TechnischeUniversiteitDelft Prof.dr.ir.F.vanKeulen, TechnischeUniversiteitDelft,reservelid C H I P 2 F O I L TheresearchdescribedinthisthesishasbeenfinanciallysupportedbyEUSeventhFrame- http://www.chip2foil.eu workProgrammeasapartoftheChip2Foilproject( ),grant number248160. Keywords: magneticself-assembly,ultra-thinchips,flexibleelectronics Printedby: UitgeverijBOXPress,’s-Hertogenbosch Front&Back: Chipsalignedwithmagneticself-assembly. Copyright©2015byE.E.Kuran Allrightsreserved. Nopartofthematerialprotectedbythiscopyrightnoticemaybe reproducedorutilizedinanyformorbyanyothermeans,electronicormechanical,in- cludingphotocopying,recordingorbyanyotherinformationstorageandretrievalsys- tem,withoutthepriorpermissionoftheauthor. ISBN978-94-6186-433-8 Anelectronicversionofthisdissertationisavailableat http://repository.tudelft.nl/ . dedicatedtomyfather... C ONTENTS ListofFigures ix ListofTables xi 1 Introduction 1 1.1 ManufacturingofFlexibleElectronics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.2 HandlingUTCswithSelf-Assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.3 Chip2Foil:TechnologyPlatformforUTCassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.4 ResearchGoalsandThesisStructure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2 StateoftheArt:Self-Assembly 13 2.1 Micro-assemblyforflexiblesubstrates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2.2 Self-assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2.3 Drivingforces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.4 Conclusion:selectionofMSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 3 PhysicsandModeling 29 3.1 Alignmentofchipintwosteps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 3.2 Physics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 3.2.1 Drivingforceinmagneticself-assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 3.2.2 Magnetizationofelectrolessnickel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 3.2.3 Out-of-planeforces(buoyancy,surfacetension). . . . . . . . . . . 36 3.2.4 ViscousDrag. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 3.3 Reachingauniquerotationalalignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 3.3.1 Magnetunitconfiguration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 3.3.2 Usingdominantfeatures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 3.4 Experimentaloptimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 3.4.1 Magnetstrength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 3.4.2 Magneticmaterialonthechip. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 3.4.3 Workingspaceinthemagneticfield . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 3.4.4 ViscousLayer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 3.5 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 4 FabricationandAlignmentPerformance 59 4.1 ResearchsetupandExperimentalProcessFlow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 4.1.1 Fabrication. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 vii

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In such cases, contact presentation of a thin chip can cause overflow of tions for the components in a web increases the machine travel time and . has been developed, explaining the details and the elements of the concept. chapter is dedicated to the investigation of the design parameters related
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