Table Of Content

,ViMmS?./AMHERST 3150bfa 05fl2 MMSfl a DRAFT Gtii FOR PUBLIC COMMENT Au i Low-Level Radioactive Waste Management Plan Volume I Directions for Low-Level Radioactive Waste Management Massachusetts in THE COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS Low-Level Radioactive Waste Management Board 100 Cambridge Street, Room 903 Boston, MA 02202 (617)727-6018 FAX: (617)727-6084 DRAFT FOR PUBLIC COMMENT -- Low-Level Radioactive Waste Management Plan Volume I Directions for Low-Level Radioactive Waste Management Massachusetts in January 1993 by Carol C. Amick Executive Director Massachusetts Low-Level RadioactiveWaste Management Board Susan Tierney Secretary, Executive Office ofEnvironmental Affairs Charles D. Baker Secretary, Executive Office ofHealth and Human Services Susan C. Fargo Chairman Charles B. Killian Vice Chairman Timothy W. Brennan Barry Connell John A. Mayer, Jr. Judith A. Shope Acknowledgement The authorgratefullyacknowledges the contributions and support ofthe Massachusetts Low-Level Radioactive Waste Management Board and its staff in the review of this draft Low-level Radioactive Waste Management Plan. Notes This draft Low-Level Radioactive Waste Management Plan is contained in four volumes. While certain terms used in VOLUME I are defined, all abbreviations, acronyms, and definitions are listed in the Glossary of Terms following the Table of Contents and Lists of Tables and Figures in VOLUME II. Mention of a commercial product or firm does not constitute an endorsement by the Low-Level Radioactive Waste Management Board or the author of this draft Management Plan. Digitized by the Internet Archive 2014 in https://archive.org/details/lowlevelradioact01amic 5 Table of Contents Chapter 1: The State's Responsibility to Manage LLW page 1-1 Chapter 2: Factors Influencing LLW Decision-Making page 2-1 2.1 Introduction page 2-1 2.2 Considerations for Decision-Making page 2-1 Chapter 3: Finding of Need for Disposal Facility page 3-1 3.1 Introduction - page 3-1 3.2 Need for Storage, Treatment, and Disposal page 3-1 Chapter 4: Strategic Options Plan and Recommendations for LLW Management .... page 4-1 4.1 Action Plan Introduction page 4-1 4.2 Out-of-State Performance Plan page 4-2 4.3 Interim Storage Performance Plan page 4-4 4.4 Disposal Facility Siting Performance Plan page 4-6 4.5 Recommendations for LLW Management page 4-1 Chapter 5: Summary of Issues Affecting LLW Management page 5-1 5.1 Introduction page 5-1 5.2 Radiation Sources page 5-1 5.3 Health Effects page 5-3 5.4 Radiation Protection Standards page 5-4 5.5 History of LLW Management page 5-4 5.6 LLW Management Laws page 5-5 5.7 Public Participation: An Essential Ingredient in LLW Management page 5-9 5.8 LLW Produced in Massachusetts page 5-10 5.9 Classifying Low-Level Radioactive Waste page 5-14 5.10 Mixed Waste: Contradictions, Duplication and Confusion from the Dual Regulatory System page 5-15 5.11 LLW Treatment Practices page 5-17 Table of Contents Continued 5.12 Analyzing Treatment Technologies and Practices page 5-12 5.13 Regulations Allowing Alternative Management Techniques page 5-22 5.14 Below Regulatory Concern page 5-23 5.15 Packing and Shipping LLW page 5-24 5.16 Emergency Preparedness and Response page 5-27 5.17 Analyzing Storage Technologies and Practices page 5-27 5.18 Decommissioning page 5-30 5.19 Old Burial Sites Undergoing Decommissioning page 5-31 5.20 Analyzing LLW Disposal Technologies and Practices page 5-32 5.21 Insurance Protection for LLW Facilities page 5-38 5.22 The Risks of Siting LLW Facilities; the Consequences of Improper LLW Management page 5-40 5.23 Economic Impacts of Activities that Produce LLW page 5-42 5.24 Economic Impacts of a LLW Facility on a Community and a Property Owner page 5-42 Appendix 5A Regulations Pertaining to the LLW Management Plan page 5A-1 List of Tables 3-1 States with Current or Developing LLW Disposal Capacity; Summary of Waste Importation Restrictions and Siting page 3-4 4-1 Anticipated Schedule Leading to Decision on Facility Siting page 4-1 5-1 Features of Six Commercial LLW Disposal Sites page 5-6 5-2 Principal Generator Categories and LLW Types Produced in Massachusetts page 5-12 5-3 Principal Radionuclides in Massachusetts LLW page 5-13 5-4 Summary of LLW Shipped for Disposal page 5-14 5-5 Approximate Costs for Three In-State Disposal Facilities page 5-37 List of Figures 5-A Calculating an Individual's Annual Radiation Exposure: Possible Doses from Common Radiation Sources page 5-3 5-B Radioactive Materials and Waste Shipments as a Percentage of All Annual Shipments page 5-24 5-C Typical Packaging for LLW Shipment page 5-26