Longman Preparation Course for the TOEFL Test: iBT Student Book with CD-ROM and Answer Key

362 Pages·2007·25.87 MB·English

by  PHILLIPS

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DEBORAH PHILLIPS
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• •0•.0• PEARSON EDUCAtlON S.A.
MUESTRA PARA eVALUACION
• PROHIBIDO Su VENT4
, ~ O COME=:RCIALlZACION
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• TOF,l'l.lIfis,he T"t:~i':;ICl"t:J ILaJt:m~lIkuf Edllt:atiunnI1i:sting: Selvicc (ETS), Thi.:;publicalion i:;nol C:lldOl~cd
U1apl_Jluvcd by ETS, No elldorscnwnl 01Ihis puhlicntinn by EJut:atiumtl1i:stlng Scrviec shollld be inlen-cd .
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CONTENTS •
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INTRODUCTION xv
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:i SECTION ONE: READING •
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READJNGDJAGNOSTICPRE-TEST: 2
Aggrcss;ol1 '3 •
READINGOVERVIEW 8
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READINGSKlLJ,S 10
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VOCAJ3ULARYANDREFERENCE 10
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S•...lLL 1 UNDERS'l~ND VOCAJ3ULARYFROM QONTEXT 10
Reading Exerch:;e .1 13 ..;; , •
51110g 13 •
Autism 14 ,
Pamsitic Planl.'> 15 •
Ednn. Ferber 16
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SKLLL2 RECOGNIZ£ REFERENTS 17
Reading :lixeJ"cisc 2 19 •.'
Animal Co.ngrt~c4íir)¡1, 19
Chro111iwn COl1ipounds 20
New H'orld E¡Jülemics 21 •.'
Horatio Alger, J,: ,22
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Rcnding Revic\V Excrcise (Skills 1-2) 23 .1
Coral Colollies 23
SENTENCES 26
SKlLL 3 SIMPUFY MEANTNGSOFSENTENCES 26
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Reading Exel'cise ,3 28
Cllm()ufll1i.~c 28 .'
PostMitarJ Note..<; 29
Thc Pul~tzer Prizc 31 .'
Competi.tiol1 and Coopemtiol1." 33.
SKJLL 4 lNSERT SENTENCES JNTOTl-JEPASSAGE 3S
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Rcading Exen:ise 4 37 .1
Papeanl 37 \
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Litms 38
AccidenlallnvenJirm.s :'{,..,3~ .1
lh'Q/1ium 40' '. ","~.~
Read,ing: Exen::ise (Skills 3-4) 41
11'lCodore1Jreiser 41
Reading Review Exen;ise (Skills 1-4) 45 el
Puls{/rs 45
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DE1'An.s 49 Reading Ex.crcisc (Skills 9=-10) 105
Species 105
SKTLL 5 FIND FACTUAL INFORMATTON 49
Reading Review Exercise (SkilIs 1-10) 107
Rcading Exercise 5 51
Decisions 107 f.
l.ake Eaikel 51
111ePostage Stamp 52 READJNG POST-TEST 111
l1w e/avis Culture 53 Aqualic Sclwo['i 112
Drown Dwar[s 54
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SKJLL 6 UNDERSTAND NEGAT.TVEFACTS 56 SECTION TWO: LISTENING
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Rcading Excrcisc 6 59
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.F1atfish 59 USTENJNG DJAGNOSTIC PRE-TEST 118
LirrJestone Cl/ves 60 A Pro1Jlem with a Clas.'> 119
'Wrigley:••.Clzewing Gum 61 I .Sleep 121
Dissociat(ve Idel1tity lJisorder 62 i LISTENING OVERVlEW 123
Reading Exercise (SkilIs5-6) 63
101mMU.ir 63 LISTENING SKlLLS 125
Reading Rcvicw Excrcise (Skills 1-6) 66
earetalea Spcech 66 BASIC COMI,'REHENSION 17.':>
1 SKILL 1 UNDERSTAND THE GIST 125
INFERENCES 70
Listening Exercise 1 128
SKTLL 7 MAKE INFERENCES FROM STATED FACTS 70 An Engil1eerin{!. Coutse 128
Rt~ading Exc,"cise 7 72 The Grnrle Re]JOr! ' 128
1iger.Mollls 72 Lakes 129
l1/e Ct/11'lbrian Explosiol1 73 Me.lcorology 1,29
Th~ Gold(m Ag(~uf Comics 74 ) , .
SKILL 2 UNDERSTAND THE DETAIl.S 130
171eFilibusler 75
j Listcning Excl-cisc 2 /' 133
SKILL 8 INFER lUiETOR1CAL PURPOSE 76 A Parking Sticker 133
Reading Excrcise 8 78 A Drama Class 134
Xerogmphy 78 Early 1eac1wrs 13J
Del11ograp"ic Chol1ge 79 lron Pyrite. 136
1116Hubble Te/escape 80 Lislcning Rev.iewExe,"cise (Skills 1-2) 137.
Tenitorialily 82 I1n Anthro]JOlogy P"aper 137
Reading Excrcisc'(Skills 7-8) 83
PRilGMA1'IC UNDERSTAN))ING 139
. .Ella De/oria 83
Rcading Review .Exercise (Skills 1-8) 87 SKILL 3 UNDERSTAN)) THE FUNCT.lON 139
Endy Aulos 87 Listcning Exercise 3 143
71u;LilJ,.m)' '43
READING 1'0 I:.EAJÜ',j 91
1'he Trrl/7script . 144
SKILL 9 SELECT SUMMARY INFORMATJON 91 Tite.Oposswn 145
Rcading Exen.:isc 9 94 Venus 1"16
lsland J'lant Ufe 94
SKJLL 4 UNDERSTAND THE SPEAKER;S STANCE 148
Ben and Jcrry 95
Listening Excrcise 4 152
rile Bald J.inglc 96
C()f.Ir,w~Load 152
Modemisl11 il'l /irt 97
A Questiol7l7airc 1S3
SKILL 10 COMPLETE SCHEM/ITJC TABLES 98 h-oqllois HOlIses 1S4
Rcading EXél'cise 10 101 Hail 155
Sand Vuncs 101 Listening Excrcise (SkiJls 3-4) 156
A Surprising C01meclion 102 .TheFut;io C()in .156
CarnivorollS Planls 103 Lislcning Rcvicw Excn.:ise (Skills 1-4) 158
William Faulkncr 104 J:Iibernatiol1 158
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SKTLL2 MAKE THE FREE-CHOTCJ~ RESPONSE .l96
CONNECTING INFORMATION 160 •
Spcnking ExeJ'cisc 2 197
SKlLL 5 UNDERSTAND TRE.ORGANIZATION 160 Speaking Rcvic\V Exercjse (SkiUs1-2) 197
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Lislening Excl-cisc 5 164 YourJob 197
Tmpism 16'1 Driver Age 197 •
Possl1s 165 Studenl Excuses 197
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Clarencc Darrow 166 Your Favori1f~Day 197
F,-actures 167 Government Changes _197 •
SKJLL 6 UNDERSTAND RELATJONSHTPS 168 SKTLL3 PLAN THE PATRED-CHOJCE RJ'.SPONSE 197
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List'cning Exe¡'cise 6 170 Speaking Excrcisc 3 199
A Placemenl 7i~st 170 lArge 01'Small elas.'> 199 •
A 1enn Paper 170 Dil1rzeral Home o,.Dinnet Out 199
Coni{ers 171 Marriage Befare 01" After Agp.Thirly 199 •
Presenta/ion 172 I Pre(en.ed l)'pe of.Exa11ls 200
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Lislcning :Exerc.ise (Skilis 5-6) 173 Trip by Plane 01' 1rnin 200
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111(~Outcr 13al1ks 173 . Big Cily 01' Smalllbwn 200 •
.J.,.isl:cnjng Rev.iE.'\IJ EXf.'n~i.;:('_(Skill~l-lÍ) 175 St~uly ATon€!01'wilh P,-if'.l'1r/" /.00
Lea{ Arrangeme.l"lfs 175 Play 01'Walch Sporls ~Ol •
Opera or a Foolball Came 7.01 •
USTENING POST-TEST 177
I TOEFT.. Test or a MalJz Test 201
11teMusic Projccl 178
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The GrealLakcs 180 SKJLL 4 MAKE THE PAffiED-CHOICE J<.ESPONSE 202
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Speaking Exc¡-cise 4 203 ' •
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Spcaking Revic\V Excrc)sc (Skills 3-4) 203
SECTION THREE: SPEAKING 183 J(~acJ¡p.rMistakes 203 •
Ji.Jkin~ Chal1ce.o;!or Playing Jt SaJé 203
SPEAKING DIAGNOSTIC PRE-TEST 184 I •
Ca.re.cr Choiees" 203
A Good Teacher 185
Decision Moking 203 •
Vacatirm Prc(crcllces . 185
Oheying Parcnts 203
Rcgistcring for Cltlsses 186 .1 •
.Nol1verbal ComlnunictJlion 187 JNTEGRATED TASJ{S (READING AN)) LTSTENING) 204
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A Problem. in Frcnch e/ass 188 •
I SK[LL 5 NOTE THE MATNPOlNTS AS YOlJ READ 204
EcholocatioH 188
I Speaking Excrcisc 5 205 •
I SPEAKING OVERVIEW 189 Bicycle Parking (111 Campus 205
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, A Pmfc.~_\'or'Rsetiremenl 205
SPEAKING SKIU.S . 192 .~
Pan of (.J CICLo;s Syllabus 206 •
INDEPENDENT TASKS 192
SKILL 6 NOTE 1'1-11'. MMN l'OTNTS AS YOU LlST1,.N 206
SKIU.1 PLAN THE FREE-CHOlCE RESPONSE 192 !, Speaking Exc."cise 6 208 •
I Spcaking Excrcisc 1 193 I Bicycle Parking (m Campus. 208 •
i Chamcteristics of a Good Ncighbor 193, ; A Pmfessor's Retiremeni 208
I, Your Fn.vrwUeHoliday 193 Par! of a C/(I...s• Syllalms 209 •
Which Pcrson Helped the Most 194 \
¡ SKILL7 Pl.AN BEFORE YOU SPEAK 209 •
Ten Millio'1 Dollars 194
Spcaking EXCldse 7 211.
Your J)reom Hbtlse 194 •
I Yémr Fallarife. ,Fnnd 194 SKlLL 8 MAKE THF. RF.SPONSE 212
Characteristics o{a Good .Parcmt 195 Speaking Excrcisc 8 213 •
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Wh(~reYou Want lO Live 195 Spcaking Rcview Excrcisc (Skills 5-8) 213 •
11-lePerson You U'al1t to Meel . 195 l1istory Syll(lbus 213
Vl1zerc You Will Tnkp. Ihp.TOEFI .•lest 195 •
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-1 CONTENTS vii •
CONTENT5 j
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SKlLL 9 NOTE THE MAlN POJNTS AS YOU READ 214 SECTION FOUR: WRITING 243
Speaking Exercise 9 215
The Delld Sea 215 WRlTING DIAGNOSTIC PRE-TEST 244
Polling 215 Human Mem01)' 245
Thr. l'o/YI1f'sinn Migration 216 A News Story 246
SKIL!. JO NOTE THE MAlN P01NTS AS YOU LISTEN 216 WRITING OVERVlEW 247
Speaking Exercise 10 217
WRITING SlGLLS 249
Tite Dead Sea 217
• Polling 2'18 INTEGRATED TASK 249
I Thc Polynesian Migratiol1 218 SKI!.L 1 NOT.E THE MAIN P01N'i'$ AS YOU READ 249
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SKI!.!. JJ PLAN BEFORE YOU SPEAK, 219 Writing Exercise 1 251
• Speaking Exercise 11 220 110meschooling 251
Polysemy 2S1
• SKILL J2 MAKE THE RESPONSE 221 Margaret Meads Research 252
Speaking Exer'cise 12 222
• Spcaking Revicw EXC1-cisc (Skills 9-12) 222 SKJLL 2 NOTE THE MAIN POlNTS AS YOU LlSTEN 253
Tite Equily l1wury 222 'Vriting Excrciúc 2 255
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Ilome5:chooling 255 ;':
INTEGRATED TA51(5 (U5TENING) 223 Polysemy 256 .,.
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SKIL!.13 NOTE '.rJ-JEMAlN POJNTS AS YOU LISTEN 223 Mm-garel A1ead:~'Rcsfarch 256
• Speaking Exercisc 1J 22'::;
SKIL!. 3 PLAN BEFOj{E YOU WRlTE , 257
Cho()si11.g a.Professor 225
• WrHing Excrcise 3 259
., Study.]-Jabits 225
• A17/l'Idepcndenl Study Project 226 SKIL!. 4 WRITE ATOPJC STATEMENT 260
'VVlit.ingExercise 4 {262
SK1LL 14 PLAN BEFORE YOU SPEAK 227 J.
Spcaking Excrcisc 14 228 SKILL 5 WRlTE SUPPORT1NG l'ARAGRAPI-IS ON READING PASSAGES 263
• Writing Excrcise 5 264
SKJLL J5 MAKE THE RESPONSE 229
• Spcaking Exercisc 15 230 SKTLL 6 WRITE SUJ'J'ORTfNG l'AHAGRAPHS ON USTENJNG PASSAGES . 265
Speaking Review Exercise (Skills 13-.15) 230 Wr,iting Excrcisc 6 267
• Horer:!in Class 230 SKJLL 7 HEVJEW SENTENCE STRUCTURE 268
• SK.lLL .16 NOTE THE MA1N POINTS AS YOU LISTEN 231 Wr.iting Exercise 7 269
Spcaking Excrcisc 16 132 Mrl.l1agcmcnt Styles 269
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l11c Bar/k Holiday o{ .1933 232 E(lrthqu{lkr~'Vaves 269
• Creatlvity 233 SKJLL 8 REVlEW GRAMMAR 270
The A,.nazon River 233 WI'iting Exercise 8 270
• SKI!.L 17 PLAN BEFORE YOU SPEAK 234 Al1'lerican English Spcllil1g' 270
• Spcaking Excn.:ise 17 235 Aversive Conr1itirmiJ'Zg 271
Writing Rev.iew Exercisc (SkiJIs l-R) 272
• Sl<JLL 18 MAKE THE RESPONSE 236 Stonchenge 272
Speaking Exercisc 18 237
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• Speaking Review Exercisc (Skilb J6-18) 237
SAl) 237
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SPEAlGNG POST-TEST 238
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.1111 Admirable Person 239
G{~tLingNews 239
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.11 Caleteria Problem 240
• Social Environments 241
A ClcL'iS Schedule Problem 242
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Lile on Mars 242
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viii CONTENTS CONTENTS ix
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lNDEPENDENT TASK 273 MJNI-TEST 2 313 •
Reading Birlh Order 314
SKlLL 9 PLAN BEFO RE YOU WRlTE 273
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Wril.ingExcrcisc 9 274 Jjstcning Con{used Assi!;l1mcnt 319
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, ReUeving Stress 274 Cross-Datil1g 321 •
A Famous Place lo Visit 274 Speaking Getting Up Barly 324
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Actio1'L\. 01" Words 275 Leadership Role-\" 324
lo YQursel(1oday and Five rear...•A•go 275 Meeting 011 Exam Schedule 325 •
1eam or htdividuaJ Sports 275
Wlitin~ lJiston"cal Event 327
Tite Besl Agc fo MarI)' 275 •
MINI-TEST 3 329
Chamcteristics o{a Good Teaeher 276
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l1asle Makes Waste 276 Rcading Ketchup 3'30
1..earn;'1g a New Langt./agc 276 Listening Biology Class 335 •
The TOEFL 1esl 276 ,- Gem Cut.'> 337
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I SKlLL 10 WRlTE THE 1NTRODUCTlON 277 Spcaking HometOl\ll1 341
W.riting Exercise 10 278 Library Rules 341 •
Spl£t 111¡tnilives 3-17
SKILL JI WKJTJ:: UNrl'"JEUSUPPOKHNG PARAGRApHS 281 •
11 \VrilÜlg Excrcisc 11 283 \Vr.iling Sciel1tifle M(1I1(l!;(~mcnt
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SK]LL 12. CONNECT THE SUPI'ORTJNG PARAGRAPHS 284 MINI-TEST 4 345
\tVdti'ilgExcl-ci~~12 ?85 Rcadiug Estu(lril:'~\. 346 •
SK1LT. 13 WRJTE THE CONCLUSION 287 Listcning Cu.mulative Exam I 351. •
I \VJ"il.in,g 'E)(crci~c .13 288 Mountains 353
Spenking Kinds o{Exams' 356 •
ti SKILL 14 REVmW SENTENCE STRUCTURE - 290 Nulli{ica.tirJH ,f. 356
li WIiting Excrcise 14 291 •
P,~ychology Cla.ss 357
Tcam Sports 29;
WI"iI,ing Working for Others 359 •
SKl.LL 15 REVIEW GRAMMAR 292
Wli1.ing Excrcisc 15 293 MINI-TEST 5 361 •
~ U1'Iiversity G.lld T/igh Schoal Sludies 293 Reading Sc1lizophrenia 362 •
~ 'Afri'tingRcvicw Excrcise (Skills 9-15) 293 Listcnillg Scholarship 367
'1, Emotions 293 Alnlls 369 •
WRITING POST-TEST 294 Spcnking A Good Fn"críd 372 •
Unintcnded Consequences 295 Student Assistant Positions 372
Sa{e ay Sorry 296 Zcro-SU111Ecol1omies 373 •
Wl"iling Calch-22 375 •
MINI-TESTS MINI-TEST 6 377
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Rcading B:rxon Valdel. 378
MJNl-TEST 1 297
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Listelling Schedule Plan 383
Rcading Migratim1 298 Animal H(?(l,-ing \ 385 •
J..istcning Science Lab 303 Speaking Mil/ion Dollars 388
Tite Littlc Hause BooM 305 F()rmation o(the Solar System 388 •
Speaking Leadcr o( the Country 308 Rescheduletl Speaker 389
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History Films 308
Writing Visilar.\' to Yaur COUl1try 391
Fonuation o(Glacie,-.•• 309 .'
WJiting Garlic 311
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x CONTENTS CONTENT5 xi •
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MINI-TEST 7 ,", I.istcning Grade Reporl 478
Waf,'hin¡.;loYl,D.C. 480
Rearling Piafe Jectonics 394 e
, l'he Letter 482
I..islcning Group Project 399
71JeSpace Shuttle 485
The Tru,mpet 401
Caves 487
Speaking Studying English 404 rlw Compou.nd Eyc 489
D£scussion Class 404 Speaking Favorite Movie 492
NIMBY 405
Telling a Lie 492
Writing Supe.rnovas 407 Busil1P.SS ln.lo1'1ships 493
.•.l.. MINI-TEST 8 409 Supersonic. $peed 494
Project Done,Bit by Bit 495
•I~•I Reading Limners 410 Multiple Personality Disorder 495
Lislcning General Studies 415
Writing Socia! Promotiolt 497
Carhon 417
:1 Good Leader 498
Speaking Big Party 420
'. SomnambuHsm 420
Ou(u;;tinniI1E thp.Prn{p.<;<;nr 4)1 I
Writing Violence in Movies 423 APPENDIXES 499
APPENDIXA Cohe!:iion 499
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:. .COMPLETE TESTS APPENDIXB Sentcncc Structure 507
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APPENDIXC ElTor Corrcction (Grammar) 514
COMPLETE TEST 1 42;5
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Reading 1 Prehistoric Astrmwnle.rs 426 DIAGNOSIS, ASSESSMENT, AND SCORING 551
Reading 2 Trunu:m flnd thf'. nai!rn(J(/s" 431 OverallScores 553 I
t Reading 3 lvlathernaticalBases 435 Rcading Diagnosis and Sc6ling 554
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Listening StL/dent Newspaper 441 Listening Diagnosis and S'coring 558
lhe Greal Salt Lalee 443 Speaking Assessment and Scoring 562
:¡ Kleenex 445 Wl"itingAssessrn.enl and SCOling 573
Exam Grade 448
Hawaii 450
RECORDING SCRIPT 580
Three-Mile lsland 452
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Speaking Dream Job 455
ANSWER KEY 647
Group Paper 455
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Spring Show 456
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Creal Ape Communicalion 457
Dreaded Science Class 43tl
, Mercantilism 458
í Writing Venus 460
FamilyTradilions 461
COMPLETE TEST 2 463
Reading 1 Navigational Devices 464
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Reading 2 TheNeandertha& 469
Reading 3 The Silenl Era 473
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xii CONTENT5 CONTENTS xiii
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