Light and Shade: With Chapters on Charcoal - Forgotten Books

192 Pages·2016·8.56 MB·English

P R E F A C E .
T H E t e x t-boo k s oft h e N a t i o n a l D raw i n g Co u rs e a r e i n t e n d ed
p a r t i c u l a r l y for p u b l i c school t ea chers b u t t h i s book i s w r i t t e n
,
n o t o n l y for p ub l i c s c h oo l t e a c h e r s
, b u t for a l l a r t s t ud e n t s a n d
o t h e rs i n t e r e s t ed i n a r t ed u ca t i o n . I t s u pp l eme n t s t h e fi r s t
-
bo ok oft h e s e r i e s F r e e H a n d D ra w i n g a n d s h ow s h o w t he
me t h od s e xp l a i n e d in i t ma b e app l i ed i n t h e s t udy of l i g h t
y
a n d s h ad e .
Good i n s t r u c t i o n in d raw i n g mu s t be ba s ed upon t h e p r i n
ci les w h i c h u n d e r l i e t h e b e s t i n a r t a n d t h e r efo r e a n y book
p ,
w h i c h i s i n t e n d ed for t h e s t ud e n t a n d e l emen t a ry t e a c h e r mu s t
p r e s e n t t h e s e p ri n c i ple s a n d mu s t a l s o s h o w h ow s t ud e n t s
,
ma
y b e l e d t o s e e, t h i n k , a n d w o r k i n d e p e n d e n t l y .
“ - “
T he book s F r e e H a n d D raw i n M e c h a n i c a l D raw i n
g , g ,
a nt Co l o r S t u dy fo rm a n e c e s s a ry pa r t of t h e N a t i o n al
D raw i n g Co u r s e , a s t h e y co n t a i n t h e l e s s o n s i n t h e s e d iffe r e n t
s u bj e c t s w h i c h a r e t o b e g i v e n ac co rd ing t o t he o rd e r s p e c i fi ed
' ”
“ “
i n t h e t e a c h e r s Ou t l i n e s of L e s so n s . L i g h t a n d S h ad e
co n t a i n s n o l e s s o n s o r o th e r w o rk ca l l ed for i n t h e p l a n of
s t ud y of t he p r e s e n t s y s t em
, for i t i s n o t c o n s id e r ed w i s e t o
a t t emp t l i h t a n d s h ad e in t h e p u b l i c s c h oo l s u n t i l p u p i l s
g
-
h av e g a i n ed mo r e ab i l i t y i n fr e e h an d d raw i n g t h a n t h e y now
g e n e r a l l y a c q u i r e b e l ow t he h i g h s c h oo l . I n p r e s ent i n g, i n t h e
”
Ou t l i n e s ofL es s o n s, w o rk i n o u t l i n e s imp l y , t h e a u t h o r do e s
not w i s h t o b e un d e r s t ood a s in fav o r of t h i s wo rk on l y , o r
' ‘
v
iv P /i E l A CE .
a s h o l d i n g t h e o p i n ion t h a t l i g h t a n d s h ad e c a n n o t b e t a u g h t
i n t h e p ub l i c sc h oo l s w i t h ad v an t age i n g rad e s b e l o w t h e h i g h
s c h oo l s . On t h e co n t ra ry
, h e b e l i e v e s t h a t t h i s s u bj e c t ma y
u n d e r s u i t ab l e co n d i t i o n s b e p rop e r l y i n t rod u c ed i n t o g ra mma r
s c h oo l s w h e n p up i l s a re ab l e t o d raw i n o u t l i n e w i t h s ome
d eg re e of fac i l i t y a n d t r u t h .
T h i s book i s w r i t t e n for t h o s e who w i s h t o s t ud y t h e fi rs t
p r i n c i p l e s of l i h t a n d s h ad e a nd t h e d e t a i l s c onc e r n i n
g , g
med i ums t e c h n i q u e a n d t h e man y po i n t s u pon w h i c h t h e
, ,
s t ud e n t mus t be i nfo rmed . I t i s w r i t t e n w i t h t he h op e t h a t
i t ma
y a s s i s t s t ud e n t s , a n d pa r t i c u l a r l y t h o s e who wo rk a t h ome ,
t o s t udy i n t e l l i g e n t l y s o t h a t a l l ma go t o N a t u r e a s t h e fi r s t
, y
a n d b es t t ea c h e r an d b e p r e a r ed t o d i s co v e r i n her t h e t ru t h s
, p
s h e u nfo ld s t o t h os e w ho s t udy her s e r i o u s l y .
'
M an y of t he i l l u s t ra t i o n s of t h i s book a re from s t ud e n t s
d raw i n gs
, an d t h ou g h t h e y do n o t r ep rod u c e t he d ra w i n g s
p e rfe c t ly
, t h e y g i v e a n i d e a of w h a t ma b e a c comp l i s h ed by
y
s t ud e n t s who a r e t a u g h t t o w o rk a r t i s t i c all y , a n d t o d e p e n d
upon t h ems e l v e s a n d u on s t udy of n a t u r e .
p
F i
g s . 43, 44, a n d 58 a re by s e co n d-y e a r s t u d en t s of t h e
M a s sa c h u s e t t s N o rma l A rt S c h oo l
; t he o t h e r c h a r coal d ra w
i n gs of C h ap . V a re by s t ud e n t s of t he e n t e r i n c l a s s of t he
g
s ame s c h oo l
, a s i s als o Fig . 6 2 . F ig s . 6 3, 64 . a n d 6 5 a r e by
s t ud en t s oft h e S c h oo l ofD raw i n an d P a i n t i n g oft he M u s e um
g
ofFi n e A r t s , B o s t o n .
S u c h wo rk c a n s e l d om be don e i n t he p u b l i c s c h oo l s u n t i l
c o nd i t i o n s a re v e ry d i ffe re n t from t h o s e now ex i s t i n b u t
;
g
t e a c h e r s ca n g i v e i n s t r u c t i o n ofa n a r t i s t i c n a t u r e w h i c h w i l l b e
i n h a rmo n y w i t h t he wo rk oft he be s t a r t i s t s a n d w h i c h w i l l
,
p r e pa re for wo rk s u c h a s t h a t i l l u s t ra t ed .
5
C2 . V
On l y t he e s s e n t i a l s c a n b e g i v e n i n t h i s book . T h o s e
w h o w i s h t o go mo r e d e e l y i n t o t h e o r i e s a nd r i n c i p l e s w i l l
p p
fi n d man y i n t e r e s t i n g book s . A mon g t h e s e t he wo rk s of S ir
o s h u a R ey n o ld s a re p a r t i c u l a r l y v a l u ab l e a s he i s a p romi n e n t
j ,
e x ample of a g re a t a r t i s t who h a s a l so w r i t t e n u pon a r t , a n d
a l l a r t s t u d en t s a re a d v i s ed t o s t u dy h i s w r i t i n g s w i t h c a r e .
T he a u t h o r d es i r e s t o e xp r e s s h i s o b l i a t i o n s t o Rob e r t W.
g
Vonnoh
, G . A . H i l l , a nd A m
y S wa i n , w h o h a v e k i n d l y r e ad t he
p roofs h e e t s a n d fu rn i s h ed h i m w i t h man y va l uab l e s u e s t i o n s .
g g
A N S ON K . C ROS S .
B osrox , October 1 2 . 1 3
96.
L I G H T A N D S H A D E .
C H A P T E R I .
C H I A R O-OS C U R A , OR L I GH T A N D S H A D E .
' ‘
- — “ -
Ch ia ro oscu r a . l he wo rd c h i aro oscu ra means t h e a r t of
p roduci ng t h e appearan ce of rea l i ty and of so l id i ty by a d rawing
w h ic h repres en ts t h e d ifferen t l ig h ts an d darks seen in n at ure .
S ight due t o educa t ion. We see w h a t we h ave been educa ted to
s ee . T h e i nfan t re ac h es out h i s h an d to grasp t h e moon an d even to
,
adu l ts appearan ces are so decep t i ve t h at w h en t h e moon is r i s ing o r
t h e sun i s se t t i ng i t i s d ifif cul t often to be l i eve t h a t t h ey are no t j us t
,
b eyond some h i l l i n t h e m idd le d i s tan ce a nd i f t h e d i stan ces were n ot
,
fi xed by sc i en ce t h ey wou ld be con t i nua l ly under d i scuss ion . T h e re
i s no c h an ce fo r d isc uss ion con ce rn i ng t h e fact s , but upon quest ion s
of a rt sc i en ce i s of l i t t l e a ss i st ance . H ence d iffe ren t peop l e v i ew
in t h e same t h i ngs wi l l i ve ve ry con tr ad i ctory reports of w h at t h ey
g g
s ee an d eac h w i l l be pos i t i ve t h a t w h at h e h as seen i s w h at a l l
,
s h ou l d see and a l l t h a t can be seen .
S igh t is im erfect . A n on e w i l l b e su rpr i sed to d i scover h ow
p y
l i tt l e h e rea l l y see s e ven of t h e obj ec t s abou t h im every day i f h e
, ,
w i l l a t t empt to descr ibe f rom memory e i t h e r by words or by mak i ng
,
any ki n d of a d raw i ng t h e facts con ce rn ing any bu i l d ing w h i c h i s
,
s een da i l y. On compar ison of h i s descri p t i o n or d raw ing w i t h t h e
b u i l d i ng h e w i l l be a ston i s h ed to d i s cove r t h at h e h a s n eve r real l y
,
see n t h e bu i l d i ng for h e can no t de sc r ib e correct ly even i ts p ri n c ip a l
,
p arts a nd as fo r de ta i l s many of t h e mos t impor tan t h e n eve r s ees
; ,
u n t i l h e compa res t h e bu i l d ing w i t h h i s descr i p t ion .
S i ght due t o memor . T h e ac t of see ing depends upon t h e
y
b ra i n more t h an upon t h e eye fo r s ig h t sen s at i on s a re refe rred
,