Life in ancient ice

331 Pages·2005·26.93 MB·English

by  Castello, John D.;Rogers, Scott O

LIFE IN ANCIENT ICE

LIFE IN ANCIENT ICE
Edited by John D. Castello and Scott O. Rogers
PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS PRINCETON AND OXFORD
Copyright©2005byPrincetonUniversityPress
PublishedbyPrincetonUniversityPress,41WilliamStreet,
Princeton,NewJersey08540
IntheUnitedKingdom:PrincetonUniversityPress,
3MarketPlace,Woodstock,OxfordshireOX201SY
AllRightsReserved
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Lifeinancientice/editedbyJohnD.CastelloandScottO.Rogers.
p. cm
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN0-691-07475-5(cloth:acid-freepaper)
1.Ice—Microbiology.2.Microbiology—PolarRegions.I.Castello,
JohnD.,1952–II.Rogers,ScottO.,1953–
QR100.9.L542005
579′.17586—dc22 2004050523
BritishCataloging-in-PublicationDataisavailable
ThisbookhasbeencomposedinTimesRomanwithHelveticaDisplay
Printedonacid-freepaper.∞
pup.princeton.edu
PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Contents
ListofFigures ix
ListofTables xiii
Contributors xv
Acknowledgments xix
Chapter1. 1
Introduction
JohnD.CastelloandScottO.Rogers
Chapter2.
RecommendationsforEliminationofContaminantsand
AuthenticationofIsolatesinAncientIceCores 5
ScottO.Rogers,Li-JunMa,YinghaoZhao,VincentTheraisnathan,
Seung-GeukShin,GangZhang,CatherineM.Catranis,
WilliamT.Starmer,andJohnD.Castello
Chapter3.
PerennialAntarcticLakeIce:ARefugeforCyanobacteriainan
ExtremeEnvironment 22
JohnC.Priscu,EdwardE.Adams,HansW.Paerl,
ChristianH.Fritsen,JohnE.Dore,JohnT.Lisle,CraigF.Wolf,
andJillA.Mikucki
Chapter4.
TheGrowthofProkaryotesinAntarcticSeaIce:Implicationsfor
AncientIceCommunities 50
DavidS.Nichols
Chapter5.
FrozeninTime:TheDiatomRecordinIceCoresfromRemote
DrillingSitesontheAntarcticIceSheets 69
DavidaE.KelloggandThomasB.Kellogg
Chapter6.
TheNatureandLikelySourcesofBiogenicParticlesFound
inAncientIcefromAntarctica 94
RaymondSambrottoandLloydBurckle
vi CONTENTS
Chapter7.
MicrobialLifebelowtheFreezingPointwithinPermafrost 106
ElizavetaRivkina,KayastasLaurinavichyus,and
DavidA.Gilichinsky
Chapter8.
YeastsIsolatedfromAncientPermafrost 118
RushaniyaN.Faizutdinova,NataliyaE.Suzina,VitalyiI.Duda,
LadaE.Petrovskaya,andDavidA.Gilichinsky
Chapter9.
FungiinAncientPermafrostSedimentsoftheArctic
andAntarcticRegions 127
NataliyaE.Ivanushkina,GalinaA.Kochkina,and
SvetlanaM.Ozerskaya
Chapter10.
ViablePhototrophs:CyanobacteriaandGreenAlgae
fromthePermafrostDarkness 140
TatianaA.Vishnivetskaya,LudmilaG.Erokhina,ElenaV.Spirina,
AnastasiaV.Shatilovich,ElenaA.Vorobyova,AlexanderI.Tsapin,
andDavidA.Gilichinsky
Chapter11.
TheSignificanceandImplicationsoftheDiscoveryofFilamentous
FungiinGlacialIce 159
Li-JunMa,CatherineM.Catranis,WilliamT.Starmer,and
ScottO.Rogers
Chapter12.
YeastsintheGenusRhodotorulaRecoveredfrom
theGreenlandIceSheet 181
WilliamT.Starmer,JackW.Fell,CatherineM.Catranis,
VirginiaAberdeen,Li-JunMa,ShuangZhou,andScottO.Rogers
Chapter13.
PlantandBacterialVirusesintheGreenlandIceSheet 196
JohnD.Castello,ScottO.Rogers,JamesE.Smith,
WilliamT.Starmer,andYinghaoZhao
Chapter14.
ViralPathogensofHumansLikelytoBePreservedinNaturalIce 208
DanyShoham
CONTENTS vii
Chapter15.
ClassificationofBacteriafromPolarandNonpolarGlacialIce 227
BrentC.Christner,EllenMosley-Thompson,
LonnieG.Thompson,andJohnN.Reeve
Chapter16.
CommonFeaturesofMicroorganismsinAncientLayersof
theAntarcticIceSheet 240
S.S.Abyzov,M.N.Poglazova,J.N.Mitskevich,andM.V.Ivanov
Chapter17.
ComparativeBiologicalAnalysesofAccretionIcefrom
SubglacialLakeVostok 251
RobinBell,MichaelStudinger,AnahitaTikku,and
JohnD.Castello
Chapter18.
SearchforMicrobesandBiogenicCompoundsin
PolarIceUsingFluorescence 268
RyanBay,NathanBramall,andP.BufordPrice
Chapter19.
LivingCellsinPermafrostasModelsforAstrobiologyResearch 277
ElenaA.Vorobyova,V.S.Soina,A.G.Mamukelashvili,
A.Bolshakova,I.V.Yaminsky,andA.L.Mulyukin
Chapter20.
ASynopsisofthePast,anEvaluationoftheCurrent,anda
GlancetowardtheFuture 289
JohnD.CastelloandScottO.Rogers
Index 301

Figures
FIGURE2.1. RepresentationoftheamountofDNAremaining
inancientsamples. 8
FIGURE2.2. Flowdiagramofdecontamination,melting,and
assayprotocols. 10
FIGURE3.1. Verticalprofilesofselectedconstituentswithin
theicecoveroftheeastlobeofLakeBonney. 27
FIGURE3.2. Collectiverelationshipsbetweensedimentconcentration
andvariouscyanobacterialandbacterialparametersfromsevenlakes
intheMcMurdoDryValleys. 28
FIGURE3.3. Photosynthetictemperatureresponsebyvariousmicrobial
assemblagesintheMcMurdoSoundarea. 30
FIGURE3.4. Temperaturevariationandratesofoxygenexchangefor
cyanobacterialmatsfromLakeFryxell. 31
FIGURE3.5. Experimentalammoniumandphosphorusleachingdatafrom
terrestrialsoilssurroundingLakeBonney,andsoilsandsedimenton
andwithintheicecoverofLakeBonney. 34
FIGURE3.6. Mineralization(14CO release)of14C-labeledcyanobacteria
2
collectedfromtheBonneyorVidalakebasins. 36
FIGURE3.7. (A)Verticalprofilesoficetemperatureintheeastlobe
ofLakeBonneyfor1995.(B)Relativewaterestimatesobtained
fromtimedomainreflectometers(TDR)deployedintheicecover
ofLakeBonneyduring1999and2000. 39
FIGURE4.1. Plotoftheinverseofthesquarerootofthegeneration
timeversustemperaturefortheAntarcticseaicebacteria
GlaciecolapuniceaandGelidibactersp.IC158. 52
FIGURE4.2. Theidentityanddistributionofbacterialisolatescultured
fromAntarcticseaiceandunderlyingseawater. 54
FIGURE4.3. Profilesofunder-icewatersalinityandtemperatureobserved
atasitenearSyowaStationduringsummer. 59
FIGURE4.4. Squarerootplotof1/growthrateversuswateractivityfor
GlaciecolapuniceaACAM611TandGelidibactersp.IC158. 61
FIGURE4.5. Schematicrepresentationoftheunrooted16SrDNA
phylogenetictreeforthegenusShewanella. 63
FIGURE5.1. MapofAntarcticashowinglocationsoficecoresand
otherhigh-altitudedepositswherenonmarinediatomshave
beenreported. 71
FIGURE5.2. DiagramoftheSPWW(SouthPoleWaterWell). 73
FIGURE6.1. Antarcticicecoredrillsites. 96