Level Doubling Network and Ripple Correlation Control MPPT Algorithm for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems

140 Pages·2019·13.03 MB·English

by  Manel Hammami

Springer Theses
Recognizing Outstanding Ph.D. Research
Manel Hammami
Level Doubling Network
and Ripple Correlation
Control MPPT Algorithm
for Grid-Connected
Photovoltaic Systems
Springer Theses
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Manel Hammami
Level Doubling Network
and Ripple Correlation
Control MPPT Algorithm
for Grid-Connected
Photovoltaic Systems
Doctoral Thesis accepted by
The University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
123
Author Supervisors
Dr. Manel Hammami Prof. GabrieleGrandi
Department ofElectrical, Electronic Department ofElectrical, Electronic
andInformation Engineering andInformation Engineering
University of Bologna University of Bologna
Bologna, Italy Bologna, Italy
Prof. MassimoRudan
Department ofElectrical, Electronic
andInformation Engineering
University of Bologna
Bologna, Italy
ISSN 2190-5053 ISSN 2190-5061 (electronic)
SpringerTheses
ISBN978-3-030-10491-7 ISBN978-3-030-10492-4 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10492-4
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’
Supervisors Foreword
It is a great pleasure to introduce Dr. Manel Hammami’s Ph.D. thesis work,
accepted for publication within Springer Theses and awarded with a prize for an
outstanding original work in 2018.
Dr.HammamiwonaPh.D.scholarshipfromtheErasmusProgram“EU-Metalic
II”underthesupervisionofProfs.MassimoRudanandGabrieleGrandi.InOctober
2017, she completed the third and last Ph.D. year, and on April 27, 2018, she
defendedthePh.D.thesisentitledLevelDoublingNetworkandRippleCorrelation
Control MPPT Algorithm for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems, receiving the
rating “Excellent” from the evaluation board. She successfully worked as part
oftheresearchgroupofProf.Grandi,aswitnessedbythescientificpublicationsshe
coauthored,always givingafundamentalcontributiontotheresearchactivitiesshe
was involved in.
From the very beginning, she expressed strong motivation, interest, and dedi-
cation to extend her knowledge and improve her skills in the field of power elec-
tronics and photovoltaics. She also demonstrated the ability to properly work with
other colleagues in an international environment, always in a cooperative and
friendlyway.Shequicklyintegratedintotheresearchteam,alsothankstoherfluent
usage of many languages (English and Italian, apart from the mother tongues
Arabic and French).
She started her Ph.D. research period with a survey on maximum power point
tracking(MPPT)techniques.Inparticular,theimplementationofripplecorrelation
control RCC-MPPT algorithm in single-phase PV systems was examined. Further
on,ahybridRCC-MPPTwasproposedtosmoothouttheinstabilityintroducedby
fast irradiance transients and to overcome the estimation error of the voltage
derivative of power (dP/dV) in the basic RCC-MPPT algorithm. RCC-MPPT
algorithm was implemented together with the dq grid current controller, and both
the simulation and experimental validations have been presented.
Inthiswork,shereportstheimprovementsoftheoutput-powerqualityprovided
byamultilevelinverterwithleveldoublingnetwork(LDN).Modulationprinciples
andharmonic analysisofoutput voltagesareproposedand introduced indetail for
both single- and three-phase LDN configurations. Then, a detailed analysis of the
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vi Supervisors’Foreword
dc-link current and voltage ripple for H-bridge and LDN cells is carried out.
In particular, the peak-to-peak dc-link current and voltage ripple amplitudes are
calculatedanalyticallyoverthefundamentalperiodasafunctionofthemodulation
index for both the low-frequency and the switching ripple components. In this
analysis, reference is made to a sinusoidal output current with unity power factor,
representing the working condition of most of the grid-connected inverters.
Maximum peak-to-peak values of both low-frequency and switching-frequency
voltage ripple components are effectively adopted to design the capacitors of both
H-bridgeandLDNcells,basingonthedesireddc-linkvoltageripplerequirements.
The analysis is supplemented with numerical and experimental results.
Theimplementationofmaximum powerpointtracking(MPPT)schemesbythe
ripplecorrelation control(RCC)algorithm,incaseofmultiplerippleharmonics,is
also discussed. Different estimations of dP/dV are proposed in case of multiple
harmonics, and a specific case with level doubling network (LDN) is considered.
The steady-state and transient performances of the proposed RCC-MPPT schemes
have been numerically tested and compared by MATLAB/Simulink. Results have
beenverifiedbyexperimentaltestsconsideringthewholemultilevelPVgeneration
system.
TheworkofDr.Hammamihasbeenthebaseformanyscientificpapers;italso
producedanumberoffruitful concepts,suitablefor avariety ofapplications inthe
field of power electronic circuits.
Bologna, Italy Prof. Gabriele Grandi
September 2018 Prof. Massimo Rudan
Parts of this thesis have been published in the following documents:
International Conferences
(cid:129) M. Hammami, G. Grandi, M. Rudan, “An Improved MPPT Algorithm Based
on Hybrid RCC scheme for Single-Phase PV Systems,” 42nd Annual Conf.
IEEE Ind. Electron. Soc., IECON 2016, October 24–27 2016, Florence, Italy.
(cid:129) M.Vujacic,M.Srndovic,M.Hammami,G.Grandi,“EvolutionofDCVoltage
Ripple in Single-Phase H-bridge PWM Inverters,” 42nd Annual Conf. IEEE
Ind. Electron. Soc., IECON 2016, October 24–27 2016, Florence, Italy.
(cid:129) M.Vujacic,M.Hammami,M.Srdnovic,G.Grandi,“EvolutionofDCVoltage
RippleinThree-PhasePWMVoltageSourceInverters,”26thIEEEInternational
SymposiumonIndustrialElectronics,ISIE2017,June19–212017,Edinburgh,
UK.
(cid:129) M. Hammami, G. Grandi, M. Rudan, “RCC-MPPT Algorithms for Single-
PhasePVSystemsinCaseofMultipleDCHarmonics,”6thInternationalIEEE
ConferenceonCleanElectricalPower,ICCEP2017,June27–292017,Liguria,
Italy.
(cid:129) M. Hammami, S. Toretti, G.Grandi,“Thermal Analysis ofa PV Module with
Integrated Energy Storage System,” 16th International Conference on
Sustainable Energy Technologies, SET 2017, July 17–20 2017, Bologna, Italy.
(cid:129) M. Hammami, M. Vujacic, G. Grandi, “Dc-Link Current and Voltage
Harmonics in Three-Phase Three-Level Flying Capacitor Inverters with
Sinusoidal Carrier-Based PWM,” 19th International IEEE Conference on
Industrial Technology, ICIT 2018, February 20–22 2018, Lyon, France.
(cid:129) M. Hammami, M. Vujacic, A. Viatkin, G. Grandi, “Analysis of a Flexible
Single-Phase Multilevel Inverter Topology for Photovoltaic Applications”, 9th
International Renewable Energy IEEE Congress, IREC 2018, March 20–22
2018, Hammamet, Tunisia.
(cid:129) M. Vujacic, M. Hammami, O. Dordevic, G. Grandi, “Evaluation of Dc-Link
Voltage Ripple in Five-Phase Voltage Source Inverters”, 9th International
IET-IEEE Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives, PEMD
2018, April 17–19 2018, Liverpool, UK.
International Journals
(cid:129) P.Sanjeevikumar,G.Grandi,F.Blaabjerg,P.Wheeler,P.Siano,M.Hammami,
“AComprehensiveAnalysisandHardwareImplementationofControlStrategies
for High Output Voltage DC-DC Boost Power Converter,” Int. Journal of
Computational Intelligence Systems, IJCIS (I.F. 1.1), vol. 10, no. 1, 140–152,
2017.
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viii Partsofthisthesishavebeenpublishedinthefollowingdocuments
(cid:129) M. Vujacic, M. Hammami, M. Srndovic, G. Grandi, “Theoretical and
Experimental Investigation of DC Voltage Switching Ripple in Single-Phase
H-bridge PWM Inverters,” MDPI Energies (I.F. 2.2), vol. 10, no. 8, art. 1189,
2017.
(cid:129) M.Hammami,S.Torretti,F.Grimaccia,G.Grandi,“ThermalandPerformance
AnalysisofaPhotovoltaicModulewithanIntegratedEnergyStorageSystem,”
MDPI Applied Science (I.F. 1.7), vol. 7, no. 11, art. 1107, 2017.
(cid:129) M. Hammami, G. Grandi, “Single-Phase Multilevel PV Generation System
with Improved Ripple Correlation Control MPPT Algorithm,” MDPI Energies
(I.F. 2.2), vol. 10, no. 12, art. 2037, 2017.
(cid:129) M. Vujacic, M. Hammami, M. Srndovic, G. Grandi, “Analysis of dc-Link
Voltage Switching Ripple in Three-Phase PWM Inverters,” MDPI Energies
(I.F. 2.2), vol. 11, no. 2, art. 471, 2018.
Acknowledgements
Itismyhonortoexpressmygratitudetoallthepeoplethatcameacrossduringthe
Ph.D. studies at University of Bologna.
First and foremost, I would like to express my deep gratitude to Prof. Gabriele
GrandiandProf.MassimoRudan,myresearchsupervisorsforthecontinuoussup-
porttomyPh.D.studyandresearch,fortheirpatience,motivation,andenthusiasm.
Mydeepestgratitude goestoProf. GabrieleGrandi, whohasunselfishlyhelped
mewithalltheissueswehavecomeacrossduringmyPh.D.researchactivity.Iwas
veryluckytohavehadtheopportunitytoworkwithanextraordinarypersonsuchas
himself. Among many difficulties we had to solve, most appreciable was his help
from academic point of view. His professional supervision and immense technical
knowledge have helped my research to steer in the right direction and framed this
thesis.Hissupportandguidancehavealwaysgivenmestrengthtocontinueforward.
I especially thank Prof. Massimo Rudan, for his guidance during my research.
He has always been accessible and willing to help me. He always encouraged me
duringweakmomentstoovercomethemandtopowerfullyanddecisivelycarryon.
All the merits for the results obtained during my research period should be
addressedtothem.Iamlookingforwardtocontinuingourcollaborationatthehigh
academic and professional level in the future.
I would like to thank Prof. Alessandro Vanelli Coralli who has been with us—
Ph.D. students—all the time and who has always given many technical comments
on my work and evaluated it as the good one.
IalsowanttotakeamomenttothankProf.CarloAngeloBorghiandProf.Ugo
Reggianiforinvestingtimeandprovidinginteresting,valuable,andwisefeedbacks.
My sincere thanks also go to Prof. Claudio Rossi, Prof. Luca Zarri, Prof.
Antonio Morandi, Prof. Gabriele Neretti, and Prof. Giovanni Mazzanti, for their
kind support.
I wish to express my sincere appreciation for the financial support I have
received during my Ph.D. studies from the Erasmus Program EU-Metalic II. Its
coordinator Livia Mercatelli is a compassionate and responsible person who has
been cooperating with all students at a high professional and academic level.
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