Language: Its Structure and Use

595 Pages·2011·7.083 MB·

by  Finegan, Edward

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Vowels
FRONT CENTRAL BACK
i ü ɨ ɯ u
HIGH
i
ʊ
e o
ə
MID
ɛ
ʌ ɔ
LOW æ
a ɑ
A Phonetic Alphabet for American English
CONSONANTS VOWELS AND DIPHTHONGS
pʰ pill tʰ till kʰ kill i beat ə sofa u boot
p spill t still k skill ɪ bit ʌ but ʊ foot
b bill d dill g gill e bait aw cow o boat
f fi ll θ thin ʃ (š) shell ɛ bet aj buy ɔ long
v villa ð then ʒ (ž) measure æ bat ɔj boy ɑ pot
l lily s sin ʧ (č) chill
w will z zebra ʤ (ǰ) jelly
m mill n nil ŋ sing
r rent j (y) yes h hill
ɾ later ʔ Uh_oh!
See inside back cover for Phonetic Symbols for Consonants.
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Language
Its Structure and Use
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Language
Its Structure and Use
| SIXTH EDITION
Edward Finegan
University of Southern California
Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States
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Language: Its Structure and Use, © 2012, 2008, 2004 Wadsworth, Cengage Learning
Sixth Edition
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright
Edward Finegan
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Contents in Brief
Preface xxi
Chapter 1 Languages and Linguistics 1
Part One Language Structures 37
Chapter 2 Words and Their Parts: Lexicon and Morphology 38
Chapter 3 The Sounds of Languages: Phonetics 81
Chapter 4 Sound Systems of Language: Phonology 111
Chapter 5 The Structure and Function of Phrases and
Sentences: Syntax 151
Chapter 6 The Study of Meaning: Semantics 187
Chapter 7 Language Universals and Language Typology 231
Part Two Language Use 267
Chapter 8 Information Structure and Pragmatics 268
Chapter 9 Speech Acts and Conversation 301
Chapter 10 Language Variation Across Situations of Use:
Registers and Styles 335
Chapter 11 Language Variation Among Social Groups:
Dialects 369
Part Three Language Change, Language Development,
and Language Acquisition 417
Chapter 12 Language Change Over Time: Historical
Linguistics 418
Chapter 13 Historical Development in English 463
Chapter 14 Acquiring First and Second Languages 499
Glossary 531
Index 545
Index of Languages 557
Index of Internet Sites, Films and Videos 561
Credits 563
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