Language Files: Materials for an Introduction to Language and Linguistics

1226 Pages·2016·25.718 MB·

by  coll.

LANGUAGE FILES

TWELFTH EDITION
Editors of Previous Editions
11th edition, 2011
Vedrana Mihalicek
Christin Wilson
10th edition, 2007
Anouschka Bergmann
Kathleen Currie Hall
Sharon Miriam Ross
9th edition, 2004
Georgios Tserdanelis
Wai Yi Peggy Wong
8th edition, 2001
Thomas W. Stewart, Jr.
Nathan Vaillette
7th edition, 1998
Nick Cipollone
Steven Hartman Keiser
Shravan Vasishth
6th edition, 1994
Stefanie Jannedy
Robert Poletto
Tracey L. Weldon
5th edition, 1991
Monica Crabtree
Joyce Powers
4th edition, 1987
Carolyn McManis
Deborah Stollenwerk
Zhang Zheng-Sheng
3rd edition, 1985
Anette S. Bissantz
Keith A. Johnson
2nd edition, 1982
Carol Jean Godby
Rex Wallace
Catherine Jolley
1st compilations, 1977–79
Deborah B. Schaffer
John W. Perkins
F. Christian Latta
Sheila Graves Geoghegan
Language Files

Materials for an Introduction to Language and Linguistics

Twelfth Edition

Editors

Hope C. Dawson
Michael Phelan

Department of Linguistics
The Ohio State University

The Ohio State University Press
Columbus
Copyright © 2016 by The Ohio State University.
All rights reserved.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Dawson, Hope, editor. | Phelan, Michael, 1980– editor.
Title: Language files : materials for an introduction to language and linguistics / editors, Hope C.
Dawson, Michael Phelan (Department of Linguistics, The Ohio State University).
Description: Twelfth edition. | Columbus : The Ohio State University Press, [2016] | Includes
bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016015920 | ISBN 9780814252703 (pbk. ; alk. paper) | ISBN 0814252702
(pbk. ; alk. paper)
Subjects: LCSH: Linguistics.
Classification: LCC P121 .L3855 2016 | DDC 410—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016015920
Cover design by Laurence J. Nozik
Text design by Juliet Williams
Type set in ITC Stone Serif
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
CONTENTS

List of Symbols
Preface to the Twelfth Edition
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1: Introduction

File 1.0What Is Language?
File 1.1Introducing the Study of Language
File 1.2What You Know When You Know a Language
File 1.3Other (Non-Essential) Aspects of Knowing a Language
File 1.4Design Features of Language
File 1.5Language Modality
File 1.6Practice
Chapter 2: Phonetics

File 2.0What Is Phonetics?
File 2.1Representing Speech Sounds
File 2.2Articulation: English Consonants
File 2.3Articulation: English Vowels
File 2.4Beyond English: Speech Sounds of the World’s Languages
File 2.5Suprasegmental Features
File 2.6Acoustic Phonetics
File 2.7The Phonetics of Signed Languages
File 2.8Practice
Chapter 3: Phonology

File 3.0What Is Phonology?
File 3.1Phonotactic Constraints and Foreign Accents
File 3.2Phonemes and Allophones
File 3.3Phonological Rules
File 3.4Implicational Laws
File 3.5How to Solve Phonology Problems
File 3.6Practice
Chapter 4: Morphology

File 4.0What Is Morphology?
File 4.1Words and Word Formation: The Nature of the Lexicon
File 4.2Morphological Processes
File 4.3Morphological Types of Languages
File 4.4The Hierarchical Structure of Derived Words
File 4.5Morphological Analysis
File 4.6Practice
Chapter 5: Syntax

File 5.0What Is Syntax?
File 5.1Basic Ideas of Syntax
File 5.2Syntactic Properties
File 5.3Syntactic Constituency
File 5.4Syntactic Categories
File 5.5Constructing a Grammar
File 5.6Practice
Chapter 6: Semantics

File 6.0What Is Semantics?
File 6.1An Overview of Semantics
File 6.2Lexical Semantics: The Meanings of Words
File 6.3Compositional Semantics: The Meanings of Sentences
File 6.4Compositional Semantics: Putting Meanings Together
File 6.5Practice
Chapter 7: Pragmatics

File 7.0What Is Pragmatics?
File 7.1Language in Context
File 7.2Rules of Conversation
File 7.3Drawing Conclusions
File 7.4Speech Acts
File 7.5Presupposition
File 7.6Practice
Chapter 8: Language Acquisition

File 8.0What Is Language Acquisition?
File 8.1Theories of Language Acquisition
File 8.2First-Language Acquisition: The Acquisition of Speech Sounds
and Phonology
File 8.3First-Language Acquisition: The Acquisition of Morphology,
Syntax, and Word Meaning
File 8.4How Adults Talk to Young Children
File 8.5Bilingual Language Acquisition
File 8.6Practice
Chapter 9: Psycholinguistics

File 9.0How Do Our Minds Understand and Produce Language?
File 9.1Language and the Brain
File 9.2Language Disorders
File 9.3Speech Production
File 9.4Speech Perception
File 9.5Lexical Access
File 9.6Sentence Processing
File 9.7Experimental Methods in Psycholinguistics
File 9.8Practice
Chapter 10: Language Variation

File 10.0What Is Language Variation?
File 10.1Language Varieties
File 10.2Variation at Different Levels of Linguistic Structure
File 10.3Factors Influencing Variation: Regional and Geographic
Factors
File 10.4Factors Influencing Variation: Social Factors
File 10.5Language and Identity
File 10.6Practice
Chapter 11: Language and Culture

File 11.0What Is the Study of “Language and Culture”?
File 11.1Linguistic Anthropology
File 11.2Language and Thought
File 11.3Language and Power
File 11.4Politeness
File 11.5Ethnography
File 11.6Practice
Chapter 12: Language Contact

File 12.0What Is Language Contact?
File 12.1Language Contact
File 12.2Borrowings into English
File 12.3Pidgin Languages
File 12.4Creole Languages
File 12.5Societal Multilingualism
File 12.6Language Endangerment and Language Death
File 12.7Case Studies in Language Contact
File 12.8Practice
Chapter 13: Language Change

File 13.0What Is Language Change?
File 13.1Introducing Language Change
File 13.2Language Relatedness
File 13.3Sound Change
File 13.4Morphological Change
File 13.5Syntactic Change
File 13.6Semantic Change
File 13.7Internal Reconstruction and Comparative Reconstruction
File 13.8Practice
Chapter 14: Animal Communication

File 14.0How Do Animals Communicate?
File 14.1Communication and Language