Table Of Content

Manuel Lopez Mateos Labor & other writings english edition M M L EDITOR 2019 Manuel Lopez Mateos Manuel Lopez Mateos Labor & other writings M M L EDITOR 2019 Copyeditor:LibiaBianibiLopez-MateosCortes Englishfirstedition,2019 ©2019MLMeditor Matamoross/n PrimeraSección SantaMaríaXadani,Oaxaca. C.P.70125 México Bibliographicinfo: LopezMateos,Manuel. Labor&otherwritings/ManuelLopezMateos—1aed. viii–60p.cm. 1. Labor 2. Oaxaca 3. Economy 4. Society 5. Sustainability 6. Wage 7. Environment 8.Garbage I.LopezMateos,Manuel,1945- II.Title. Allrightsreserved,MLMeditor ProducidoenMéxico Version: May 8, 2019 5:14am -05:00 https://labor.mi-libro.club Contents Preface vii Labor 1 Labor(II) 3 Saturday: MathEd 5 Labor&HumanLabor 7 Transformation,Labor&Power 9 Labor&Capital 11 Employee&Employer 13 Saturday: MoreMathEd 15 Digression: ProofreadersandTypos 17 Usandtheenvironment. Theenvironmentandus? 20 1968: 30YearsLater! 22 Capital&Labor 24 v Contents 1968: 30YearsLater! 26 Saturday: Howtoupdatemathteachers? 29 Skills&Knowledge 32 Dictatorship&Economy 34 Concession&Expropriation 36 Marginality&Development 38 WaterontheMoon? 40 EvolutionofConcepts? 42 Horizontal&vertical 44 Waste&garbage 46 Water! 48 Oaxaca&Chocolate 50 Saturday: InductiveReasoning 52 DidTheFutureReachUs? 54 Asaconclusion 56 References 57 Index 58 vi Preface Weincludeinthisvolumemostofthearticlespublishedinthe newspaperCanterafromOaxacaCityonthefirsthalfof1998. Althoughthecommonthreadislabor,asubjectthatfrom myviewpointdoesnotloseitsrelevanceandthatcontinues tobeakeypointforthevitalrenewaloftheeconomyandthe creationofnewsocialrelations,thearticlesalsotouchontopics relatedtoOaxaca,theenvironmentandthepopularmovement of 1968, as well as some interspersed with the teaching of mathematicsandtheupdatingofteachers. Ifthereadingofthesewritingsprovokesinsomepeople thedesiretopulloneormoreendsoftheskein,Iwillconsider myselfwellserved. ManuelLopezMateos [email protected] voluntarycontribution printedversion vii Labor February11,1998 Throughouthistory,Laborhasbeenseenmoreastheability to be exploited than as a particular characteristic of human expression. Laborhasbeenslave,servileandwaged. Inallits formsithasservedtoenrichsomeandimpoverishmany. At presentthereistalk,notonlyinMexicobutasaglobalpanacea, oftheneedtogeneratejobs,toprovideworktopopulationto overcomepoverty. What’sitallabout? Itisclearthatinmarginalregionswe areparticularlyaffectedbytheupsanddownsoftheworld economy. Wearevictimsoftheillusionthatitischeaperto buy than to produce. Work is seen as a way of earning a salary to barely live. But it so happens that the majority of Oaxacans hold high the concept of enjoying our resources: ThecommunitiesoftheCentralValleys,thetownsoftheso- calledHuavezone,theguardiansofthepreciousjunglesof theChimalapas,theinhabitantsoftheCoastandthenearby mountainranges,thejealousinhabitantsoftheMixteca,the townsoftheIsthmus,inshort,thegroupofOaxacantowns, webetterprefer—withwork—tointeractproductivelywith ourwealthinawaythatpreservesit,enjoysitandallowsus tolivefromit. 1 Labor Twoconceptsoflaborareopposed: onethatisemployed bythosewhohavethecapacitytocontractitfortheirbenefit andtheotherthatisexercisedoftheirownfreewillforthe benefitofthecommunity. Oneprovidestoliveandtheother requireslivingtodoso. Wagelaborcapturestheindividual andincommunityworktheindividualisrealizedaspartof society. However,bynecessityofsurvival,theindividualfromthe communityisattractedtoworkforotherpeople. Whatdothey findinthatwork? itisevident,sustenance. So,whatnewconceptoflaborarewetalkingabout? Are wetalkingabouttheworkofOaxacansthatservestoenrich investorsinexchangeforabadwaytolive? No,we’retalkingabouttheworkofOaxacanssothatwith investment, whether domestic or foreign, we can preserve resources,buildjobsandfurtherourcultureofself-respect. So thatwelearnefficienttechniquestomanageourwealthand locateourselves,theOaxacans,intheconcertofprogressand well-beingthatisduetotheentirehumanrace. Howcanweensurethattheworkdedicatedtothecommu- nityisproductiveworkaccordingtothecanonsoftheeconomy contemporaryworld? Itisaquestionthathasananswer. Thekeyisthenewconceptoflabor. 2