King Abdullah Initiative for Solar Water Desalination with usage of Concentrated Photovoltaic CPV

21 Pages·2013·2.27 MB·English

King Abdullah Initiative for
Solar Water Desalination with
usage of Concentrated
Photovoltaic CPV
1
The Initiative's Objectives
1. Desalinate seawater by solar energy at low cost to contribute to the
Kingdom’s water security and support the national economy.
2. Applying nanotechnologies developed in the field of Photovoltaic and
RO membrane systems.
3. Build advance industries advocated by the Industrial strategy of the
Kingdom.
4. Design and installation of a high-concentration solar cells with a
capacity of 8 megawatts.
5. The cost of energy production not to exceed 30 halalas (8 US Cent)
per kilowatt-hour.
6. Link solar station to the Grid.
7. Power the seawater desalination plant by UHCPV.
8. Develop clean energy and protect the environment.
2
Introduction
• King Abdullah's initiative for Solar Water Desalination announced in a
press conference early 2010, with launching of the first phase of the
initiative.
• Saudi Arabia is considered one of the countries depending mostly on
sea water desalination. It produces more than 4 million cubic meters per
day, represents more than 18% of global production.
• Power and desalination plants consume around 1.5 million barrels of
oil per day, which has a significant impact on the economy of the
Kingdom as well as the environmental.
• Water technology is the first priority of the National Plan for
Science, Technology and Innovation (NPSTI).
• KACST has more than 30 years of Experience in Solar Energy
Research.
• Saudi Arabia is one of the best regions of the world in terms of the
amount of solar radiation
3
King Abdullah Initiative for Solar Water Desalination
Solar R&D at KACST: History and Major Results
1986
1977 1981 1984 1994
Yanbu Solar Hysolar
Soleras Solar 12 Solar
Desalination Program.
Program. Village Radiation
Plant. Indirect KSA and
KSA and the 350 KW monitoring
contact freeze
Germany
USA signed PV. stations.
process, 200
signed the
the Soleras 350 kW Monitoring total
m3/day.
Hysolar MOU
program PVPS. horizontal, direct
Average solar
for Solar
agreement to Supplied 1 energy normal and
Hydrogen
cooperate in to 1.5 collected is diffuse radiations.
the field of MWh/ day 2.2 MWh/ Production Published KSA
day. and
Solar Energy. to three Solar Atlas 1998.
Utilization.
villages
Solar R&D at KACST: History and Major Results
1994 Sadoos 1996 1996 2000 2010
PV Water PV PV Green Solar Panels for
pumping and House
Powered Saudisat 1-a.
Desalination. Application.
Highway Solar panels to King
To test PV 14.4 kWp PV
Lighting. generate power Abdullah
systems for system and
for the satellite
Generate Initiative for
remote area battery
were designed
~1.5 MWh Solar Water
applications. storage
and built by
Produced /day to light system to Desalination
KACST’s Saudi
15000 two remote test the use
engineers and
liters/day. tunnels: of a stand-
technicians
10.08 kWp PV alone PV
240 m, and utilizing KACST’s
for RO system to
546 long experience
980 Wp for power a
m, (Aseer of at the Solar
pumping greenhouse.
Village
Region).
Early CPV Systems in Saudi
• Collaboration between KACST and Martin Marietta to deploy the world’s
first CPV systems in the Solar Village of Riyadh
• 33X on mono c-Si cells
• PMMA lens
Introduction to CPV
Concentrate sunlight onto a small area with higher efficiency
PV Technologies World-Record Efficiencies
http://www.nrel.gov/ncpv/images/efficiency_chart.jpg
A key ingredient for CPV system cost reduction is the continuous
increase in MJ cell efficiency, as demonstrated by champion cells
8
CPV: Path for Lowest LCOE in Sunny, Dry
Climates
Source: Independent research by GTM, 2011
The Energy Demand in KSA
• Substantial growth in generation
capacity is driven by population
growth, and infrastructure
development
• Building additional fossil plants
requires both capital AND will drive
consumption of oil resources
• Recognizing the challenge, Saudi Arabia
established KA-CARE (King Abdullah
City for Atomic & Renewable Energy) in
May 2010 to work with KACST and
other key players in KSA to identify
energy solutions
• CPV is expected to play an important
role. Mix could change depending on
economics, local manufacturing, job
~ 80GW additional capacity
creation, etc.
needs to be brought up over
the next 20 years