Kinanthropometry and Exercise Physiology Laboratory Manual: Tests, Procedures and Data: Volume One: Anthropometry

464 Pages·2008·6.55 MB·English

by  Thomas Reilly

KINANTHROPOMETRY AND EXERCISE
PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY MANUAL

Volume One: Anthropometry
Kinanthropometry is the study of human body size, shape and form and how
those characteristics relate to human movement and sporting performance. In
this fully updated and revised edition of the classic guide to kinanthropometric
theory and practice, leading international sport and exercise scientists offer a
clear and comprehensive introduction to essential principles and techniques.
Each chapter guides the reader through the planning and conduct of practical and
laboratory sessions and includes a survey of current theory and contemporary
literature relating to that topic. The book is fully illustrated and includes worked
examples, exercises, research data, chapter summaries and guides to further
reading throughout.
Volume One – Anthropometry – covers key topics such as:
• Body composition, proportion and growth
• Evaluating posture, flexibility and range of motion
• Children's physiology, maturation and sport performance
• Field work
• Statistical methods for kinesiology and sport
• Accurate scaling of data for sport and exercise sciences.
The Kinanthropometry and Exercise Physiology Laboratory Manual is essential
reading for all serious students and researchers working in sport and exercise
science, kinesiology and human movement.
Roger Eston (ISAK Level 3 Anthropometrist) is a Professor of Human
Physiology and Head of School of Sport and Health Sciences at Exeter
University.
Thomas Reilly is Professor of Sports Science and Director of the Research
Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences at Liverpool John Moores University.
KINANTHROPOMETRY AND EXERCISE
PHYSIOLOGY LABORATORY MANUAL

Tests, procedures and data

Third Edition
Volume One: Anthropometry
Edited by

Roger Eston

and

Thomas Reilly

LONDON AND NEW YORK
First edition published 1996
by E & FN Spon, an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group
Second edition published 2001
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN
Third edition published 2009
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN
Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Routledge
270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2009.
To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of
eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.
© 1996 E & FN Spon, 2001, 2009 Roger Eston and Thomas Reilly for selection and
editorial matter; individual contributors, their contribution
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any
electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and
recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the
publishers.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Kinanthropometry and exercise physiology laboratory manual : tests, procedures, and
data / edited by Roger Eston and Thomas Reilly.—3rd ed.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Anthropometry—Laboratory manuals. 2. Exercise—Physiological aspects—
Laboratory manuals. I. Eston, Roger G. II. Reilly, Thomas, 1941-
[DNLM: 1. Biomechanics—Laboratory Manuals. 2. Anthropometry—methods—
Laboratory Manuals. 3. Exercise—physiology—Laboratory Manuals. 4. Kinesiology,
Applied—methods—Laboratory Manuals. WE 25 K51 2009]
GV435.K56 2009
599.94—dc22 2008018782
ISBN 0-203-86874-9 Master e-book ISBN

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ISBN 13:978-0-415-43721-9 hbk
ISBN 10:0-415-43721-0 hbk
ISBN 10:0-415-43720-2 pbk
ISBN 978-0-415-46671-4 set
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CONTENTS

List of illustrations
List of contributors
Preface
Introduction
PART ONE Body composition, proportion and growth: implications for
health and performance
1 Human body composition
ROGER ESTON, MICHAEL HAWES, ALAN MARTIN AND THOMAS
REILLY
1.1 Aims
1.2 Introduction
1.3 Levels of approach
1.4 Validity
1.5 The chemical model
1.6 Simple indices of fatness, muscularity and fat distribution
1.7 The anatomical model
1.8 Other considerations
1.9 Practical 1: Densitometry
1.10 Practical 2: Measurement of skinfolds
1.11 Practical 3: Simple indices of body fat distribution
1.12 Practical 4: Bioelectrical impedance analysis
1.13 Practical 5: Estimation of muscle mass and regional muscularity using in
vivo- and in vitro-derived equations
1.14 Practical 6: Estimation of skeletal mass
1.15 Practical 7: Example of a multicomponent model of body composition
assessment
1.16 Anthropometric landmarks and measurement definitions
Acknowledgements
Further reading and useful websites
References
2 Somatotyping 54
WILLIAM DUQUET AND J. E. LINDSAY CARTER
2.1 Aims
2.2 History
2.3 The Heath-Carter somatotype method
2.4 Relevance of somatotyping
2.5 Practical 1: Calculation of anthropometric somatotypes
2.6 Practical 2: Comparison of somatotypes of different groups
2.7 Practical 3: Analysis of longitudinal somatotype series
2.8 Practical 4: Visual inspection of somatotype photographs: an introduction to
photoscopic somatotyping
Further reading and useful websites
References
3 Physical growth, maturation and performance
GASTON BEUNEN
3.1 Aims
3.2 Introduction
3.3 Reference values for normal growth
3.4 Biological maturation: sexual, morphological, dental maturation and
skeletal age
3.5 Physical fitness
3.6 Summary and conclusions
Appendix
Further reading
References
PART TWO Goniometric aspects of movement
4 Assessment of posture
PETER H. DANGERFIELD
4.1 Aims
4.2 Introduction
4.3 Curvatures and movement of the vertebral column
4.4 Defining and quantification of posture
4.5 Assessment of posture and body shape
4.6 Other clinical methods of posture assessment
4.7 Movement analysis: Measurements in a dynamic phase of posture
4.8 Spinal length and diurnal variation
4.9 Deviation from normal posture and injury
4.10 Errors and reproducibility
4.11 Conclusion
4.12 Practical 1: Measurement of posture and body shape
4.13 Practical 2: Assessment of sitting posture
4.14 Practical 3: Lateral deviations
4.15 Practical 4: Leg-length discrepancy
Further reading
References
5 Flexibility
PETER VAN ROY AND JAN BORMS
5.1 Aims
5.2 Introduction and historical overview
5.3 Theory and application of clinical goniometry
5.4 Laboratory sessions: Flexibility measurements with goniometry
5.5 Summary and conclusion
Further reading
References
PART THREE Assessment of physical activity and performance
6 Field methods of assessing physical activity and energy balance
ANN V. ROWLANDS
6.1 Aims
6.2 Why estimate physical activity? The need for a valid measure
6.3 Energy expenditure and physical activity
6.4 Methods of estimating physical activity or energy expenditure
6.5 Considerations when using accelerometers to assess physical activity
6.6 Multiple measures of physical activity
6.7 Practical 1: Relationship between selected measures of physical activity and
oxygen uptake during treadmill walking and running
Further reading and useful websites
References
7 Assessment of performance in team games
THOMAS REILLY
7.1 Aims
7.2 Introduction
7.3 Method of analyzing team performance
7.4 Field Tests
7.5 Overview
7.6 Practical 1: The use of repeated sprint tests
7.7 Practical 2: Cooper's 12-minute run test
Further reading
References
8 Special considerations for assessing performance in young people
ALAN BARKER, COLIN BOREHAM, EMMANUEL VAN PRAAGH AND
ANN V. ROWLANDS
8.1 Aims
8.2 Introduction
8.3 Growth maturation and performance
8.4 Anthropometric tests (body composition)
8.5 General considerations when assessing performance in children
8.6 Assessment of aerobic performance in the laboratory
8.7 Assessment of anaerobic performance in the laboratory
8.8 Adjusting aerobic and anaerobic performance for body size
8.9 Field tests
Further reading
References
PART FOUR Special considerations
9 Anthropometry and body image
TIM S. OLDS
9.1 Aims
9.2 Historical Perspective
9.3 Theory and applications
9.4 Practical 1: The anthropometric characteristics of beautiful female bodies
9.5 Practical 2: The anthropometry of the 'ideal' male body
9.6 Practical 3: The anthropometry of Ken and Barbie
9.7 Practical 4: The anthropometry of the ideal face
9.8 Summary and conclusion
Further reading and useful websites
References
10 Statistical methods in kinanthropometry and exercise physiology
ALAN M. NEVILL, GREG ATKINSON AND MARK A. SCOTT
10.1 Aims
10.2 Organizing and describing data in kinanthropometry and exercise
physiology
10.3 Investigating relationships in kinanthropometry and exercise physiology
10.4 Comparing experimental data in kinanthropometry
10.5 Summary
Appendix
Further reading and useful websites
References
11 Scaling: adjusting for differences in body size
EDWARD M. WINTER AND ALAN M. NEVILL
11.1 Aims
11.2 Introduction
11.3 Historical background