KANT’S LECTURES ON ANTHROPOLOGY Kant’slecturesonanthropology,whichformedthebasisofhisAnthro- pologyfromaPragmaticPointofView(1798),containmanyobserva- tions on human nature, culture and psychology, and illuminate his distinctiveapproachtothehumansciences.Theessaysinthepresent volume, written by an international team of leading Kant scholars, offer the first comprehensive scholarly assessment of these lectures, theirphilosophicalimportance,theirevolutionandtheirrelationto Kant’scriticalphilosophy.Theyexploreawiderangeoftopics,includ- ingKant’saccountofcognition,thesenses,self-knowledge,freedom, passion, desire, morality, culture, education and cosmopolitanism. The volume will enrich current debates within Kantian scholarship aswellasbeyond,andwillbeofgreatinteresttoupper-levelstudents andscholarsofKant,thehistoryofanthropology,thephilosophyof psychologyandthesocialsciences. alix cohen isChancellor’sFellowattheUniversityofEdinburgh. SheistheauthorofKantandtheHumanSciences:Biology,Anthropology and History (2009), and has published articles in journals including CanadianJournalofPhilosophy,KantianReview,HistoryofPhilosophy QuarterlyandBritishJournalfortheHistoryofPhilosophy. cambridge critical guides Titlespublishedinthisseries: Hegel’sPhenomenologyOfSpirit edited by dean moyar and michael quante Mill’sOnLiberty edited by c. l. ten Kant’sIdeaforaUniversalHistorywithaCosmopolitanAim edited by ame´lie oksenberg rorty and james schmidt Kant’sGroundworkoftheMetaphysicsofMorals edited by jens timmermann Kant’sCritiqueofPracticalReason edited by andrews reath and jens timmermann Wittgenstein’sPhilosophicalInvestigations edited by arif ahmed Kierkegaard’sConcludingUnscientificPostscript edited by rick anthony furtak Plato’sRepublic edited by mark l. mcpherran Plato’sLaws edited by christopher bobonich Spinoza’sTheological-PoliticalTreatise edited by yitzhak y. melamed and michael a. rosenthal Aristotle’sNicomacheanEthics edited by jon miller Kant’sMetaphysicsofMorals edited by lara denis Continued at the back of the book KANT’S Lectures on Anthropology A Critical Guide edited by alix cohen UniversityofEdinburgh UniversityPrintingHouse,Cambridgecb28bs,UnitedKingdom CambridgeUniversityPressispartoftheUniversityofCambridge. ItfurtherstheUniversity’smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthepursuitof education,learningandresearchatthehighestinternationallevelsofexcellence. www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781107024915 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2014 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2014 PrintedintheUnitedKingdombyClays,StIvesplc AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary isbn978-1-107-02491-5Hardback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyof urlsforexternalorthird-partyinternetwebsitesreferredtointhispublication, anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchwebsitesis,orwillremain, accurateorappropriate. Contents Listoftables pagevii Listofcontributors viii Preface xi Listoftranslationsandabbreviations xiii Introduction 1 alix cohen 1 Kant’slecturesonanthropology:someorientingremarks 10 werner stark 2 Self-cognitionandself-assessment 18 rudolf a. makkreel 3 Kantonthephenomenologyoftouchandvision 38 gary hatfield 4 Meatonthebones:Kant’saccountofcognitioninthe anthropologylectures 57 tim jankowiak and eric watkins 5 Theanthropologyofcognitionanditspragmaticimplications 76 alix cohen 6 Affectsandpassions 94 patrick r. frierson 7 Theinclinationtowardfreedom 114 paul guyer 8 Empiricaldesire 133 allen w. wood v vi Contents 9 Kantas“vitalist”:the“principiumoflife”inAnthropologie Friedla¨nder 151 susan meld shell 10 Indispensableeducationofthebeingofreasonandspeech 172 g. felicitas munzel 11 Kantoncivilisation,cultureandmoralisation 191 catherine wilson 12 Cosmopoliticalunity:thefinaldestinyofthehumanspecies 211 robert b. louden 13 Whatayoungmanneedsforhisventureintotheworld:the functionandevolutionofthe“Characteristics” 230 john h. zammito Bibliography 249 Index 265 Tables 5.1 Varietiesofunderstanding page77 5.2 Humantypesandnature’spurposes 79 5.3 Cognitivedisparitiesbetweentemperaments 82 5.4 Cognitivedisparitiesbetweennations 82 5.5 Cognitivevariationsbetweengenders 82 9.1 ArrangementofFacultiesinAnthropologieFriedla¨nder 165 vii List of contributors alix cohen isChancellor’sFellowattheUniversityofEdinburgh.Sheis the author of Kant and the Human Sciences: Biology, Anthropology and History(2009),andeditorofKantonEmotionandValue(2014).Sheis also Associate Editor of the British Journal for the History of Philosophy andtheOxfordBibliographyOnline. patrick r. frierson is Associate Professor of Philosophy and Gar- rett Fellow in the Humanities at Whitman College in Walla Walla, Washington. He is the author of Freedom and Anthropology in Kant’s Moral Philosophy (2003), Kant’s Questions: What Is the Human Being? (2013), and Kant’s Empirical Psychology (2014), and co-editor of Kant: ObservationsontheBeautifulandtheSublimeandOtherWritings(2011). paul guyeristheJonathanNelsonProfessorofHumanitiesandPhiloso- phyatBrownUniversity,andFlorenceR.C.MurrayProfessorEmeritus at the University of Pennsylvania. He is the author of nine books and editoroffiveanthologiesonthephilosophyofKant,generalco-editorof theCambridgeEditionoftheWorksofImmanuelKant,andaneditor and translator of Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason, Critique of the Power of Judgment, and Notes and Fragments within that series as well as of Kant’sObservationsontheFeelingoftheBeautifulandSublimeandOther WritingsintheCambridgeTextsintheHistoryofPhilosophy.Heisthe authormostrecentlyofAHistoryofModernAestheticsinthreevolumes (2014). gary hatfield isAdamSeybertProfessorinMoralandIntellectualPhi- losophyattheUniversityofPennsylvania.Hehaswrittenonthehistory of modern philosophy and the history and philosophy of psychology from medieval times to the present, including The Natural and the Normative:TheoriesofSpatialPerceptionfromKanttoHelmholtz(1990), DescartesandtheMeditations(2003),andPerceptionandCognition:Essays inthePhilosophyofPsychology(2009). viii
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