Jurists and Jurisprudence in Medieval Italy: Texts and Contexts

894 Pages·2020·5.512 MB·English

by  Osvaldo Cavallar, Julius Kirshner

JURISTS AND JURISPRUDENCE
IN MEDIEVAL ITALY
Texts and Contexts
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Jurists and Jurisprudence in
Medieval Italy
Texts and Contexts
OSVALDO CAVALLAR AND
JULIUS KIRSHNER
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO PRESS
Toronto Buffalo London
© University of Toronto Press 2020
Toronto Buffalo London
utorontopress.com
Printed in the U.S.A.
ISBN 978-1-4875-0748-0 (cloth) ISBN 978-1-4875-3634-3 (ePUB)
ISBN 978-1-4875-3633-6 (PDF)
_____________________________________________________________________
Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication
Title: Jurists and jurisprudence in medieval Italy : texts and contexts / Osvaldo
Cavallar and Julius Kirshner.
Names: Cavallar, Osvaldo, compiler, translator. | Kirshner, Julius, compiler, translator.
Series: Toronto studies in medieval law ; 4.
Description: Series statement: Toronto studies in medieval law ; 4 | Includes
bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: Canadiana (print) 20200287001 | Canadiana (ebook) 20200287281 |
ISBN 9781487507480 (cloth) | ISBN 9781487536343 (EPUB) |
ISBN 9781487536336 (PDF)
Subjects: LCSH: Law – Italy – History – To 1500 – Sources. | LCSH: Common law –
Italy – History – To 1500 – Sources. | LCSH: Jurisprudence – Italy – History – To
1500 – Sources. | LCSH: Law, Medieval – Sources.
Classification: LCC KKH129 .C38 2020 | DDC 349.4509/02 – dc23
____________________________________________________________________________________
University of Toronto Press gratefully acknowledges the financial assistance of
the Centre for Medieval Studies, University of Toronto in the publication of this
book.
University of Toronto Press acknowledges the financial assistance to its
publishing program of the Canada Council for the Arts and the Ontario Arts
Council, an agency of the Government of Ontario.
Funded by the Financé par le
Government gouvernement
of Canada du Canada
With the help of Constantin Fasolt
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Contents
Preface by Lawrin Armstrong xiii
Acknowledgments xvii
Abbreviations xix
Short Titles xxi
Introduction 3
1. Professors and Students
1. Foundations 47
1.1. The Constitution Habita of Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa
(1155/58) 51
1.2. Accursius’s Glosses to the Constitution Habita 52
1.3. Students as Citizens in the Statutes of Modena (1327) 57
2. “We Give You the Licence to Teach Here and Everywhere” 58
2.1. Baldus de Ubaldis, Consilium on the Studium Generale of
Milan (ca. 1393−1396) 61
3. Privileges of Doctors and Students 63
3.1. Simon of Borsano, Privileges of Doctors and Students
(1361−1370) 67
4. How to Teach and Study Canon and Civil Law 84
4.1. Franciscus de Zabarellis, How to Teach and Study Canon and
Civil Law (ca. 1410) 89
5. The Many Dwelling Places of Civil Wisdom 110
5.1. Bartolus of Sassoferrato, Oration on Conferring
the Doctorate of Law 117
viii Contents
6. Death Benefits 124
6.1. Consilium of Jacobus Niccoli (1400) 130
7. Hired Hands 132
7.1. Azo, Hiring (1208−1210) 138
7.2. Rainerius of Perugia, Leasing out a Work to Be
Copied (1242) 138
7.3. Salatiele, Copyists, and Other Persons Obligating Themselves
to Perform Services [Contract and Glosses] (1248−1254) 139
7.4. Rolandinus de Passegeriis, Hiring Another Person’s Services to
Copy a Work (1273) 141
8. Law Students’ Books 142
8.1. Baldus de Ubaldis, Consilium [I] (ca. 1393–1396) 147
8.2. Baldus de Ubaldis, Consilium [II] (ca. 1393–1396) 148
9. “Many Books” 150
9.1. Oldradus de Ponte, Whether It Is Advantageous to Have
Many Books (ca. 1320s) 156
10. Nobility, Usefulness, and Origin of Law 159
10.1. Doctoral Oration (ca. 1450) 164
2. Legal Profession
11. Advocates 177
11.1. Guilelmus Durantis, Mirror of Law (ca. 1284−1289) 183
12. Fees 220
12.1. Azo, Quaestio disputata 226
13. Proof of a Doctoral Degree 229
13.1. Certifying a Judge’s Doctoral Degree in Florence (1374) 232
14. Bella Figura: Florentine Jurists and Their Wives 233
14.1. Deliberation of the Guild of Judges and Notaries of Florence
(9 Sept. 1366) 238
14.2. Provisions of Florence’s Sumptuary Laws, 1377 and
1388 238
14.3. Stephanus de Bonacursis and Others, Consilium on the
Exemption of Jurists and Their Wives from Florence’s
Sumptuary Laws (1390) 239
15. A Waste of Time 245
15.1. Franco Sacchetti, Novella XL (ca. 1392−1393) 248
16. “From the Mouth of God” 250
16.1. Eulogy of Marianus Socinus the Elder of Siena (1467) 252
Contents ix
3. Civil and Criminal Procedure
17. Civil Procedure 255
17.1. Civil Procedure in the Statutes of Florence (1415) 268
18. Consilium Sapientis 278
18.1. Requesting a consilium sapientis, Statutes of Florence
(1415) 283
19. Witnesses 286
19.1. Treatise on Witnesses (Scientiam) (ca. 1230s) 296
20. False Testimony 303
20.1. Franciscus de Guicciardinis, Consilium (ca. 1505−1516) 310
21. Criminal Procedure 318
21.1. Albertus Gandinus, Tract on Crimes (1300) 336
21.2. Judicial Inquiry of Albertus Gandinus against Cambinus
Belli of Florence (1289) 390
21.3. Expenses Incurred during a Trial (1298) 395
4. Crime
22. Wounds from Assault 399
22.1. Tract on Wounds 405
23. Self-defence 410
23.1. Baldus de Ubaldis, Consilium (ca. 1384) 414
24. Vendetta 422
24.1. Baldus de Ubaldis, Consilium (ca. 1391–1393) 427
25. Adultery 432
25.1. Ivus de Coppolis, Consilium (ca. 1420–1441) 439
26. Abortion 444
26.1. Digest, Glossa, and Bartolus of Sassoferrato 454
26.2. Statutes of Biella (1245) 455
26.3. Statutes of Siena (1309) 455
26.4. Statutes of Castiglion Aretino (1384) 456
26.5. Albericus of Rosciate, Questions Concerning Statutes
(1358) 456
5. Personal and Civic Status
27. Serfdom 465
27.1. Martinus of Fano, Serfs (ca. 1256−1259) 473