Table Of Content

Contents of Volume 86 No. 1. JANUARY 1999 THIS MONTH IN THE JOURNAL INVITED EDITORIAL Invited Editorial on “Influence of intercellular tissue connections on airway muscle mechanics” J. J. Fredberg and S. A. Shore ENVIRONMENT Drink composition, voluntary drinking, and fluid balance in exercising, trained, heat-acclimatized boys A. M. Rivera-Brown, R. Gutiérrez, J. C. Gutiérrez, W. R. Frontera, and O. Bar-Or Splenic contraction-induced reversible increase in hemoglobin concentration in intermittent hypoxia I. Kuwahira, U. Kamiya, T. Iwamoto, Y. Moue, T. Urano, Y. Ohta, and N. C. Gonzalez Mast cell activation is not required for induction of airway hyperresponsiveness by ozone in mice N. Noviski, J. P. Brewer, W. A. Skornik, S. J. Galli, J.M . Drazen, and T. R. Martin Prolonged hypoxia increases vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA and protein in adult mouse brain N.-T. Kuo, D. Benhayon, R. J. Przybylski, R. J. Martin, and J. C. LaManna Ozone-induced pulmonary inflammation and epithelial proliferation are partially mediated by PAF M. Longphre, L.-Y. Zhang, J. R. Harkema, and S. R. Kleeberger EXERCISE AND MUSCLE Effects of resistance training and chromium picolinate on body composition and skeletal muscle in older men W. W. Campbell, L. J. O. Joseph, S. L. Davey, D. Cyr-Campbell, R. A. Anderson, and W. J. Evans Changes in satellite cell content and myosin isoforms in low-frequency-stimulated fast muscle of hypothyroid rat C. T. Putman, S. Diisterhéft, and D. Pette Oxidation of an oral [!°C]glucose load at rest and prolonged exercise in trained and sedentary subjects Y. Burelle, F. Péronnet, S. Charpentier, C. Lavoie, C. Hillaire-Marcel, and D. Massicotte Effects of microgravity on maximal power of lower limbs during very short efforts in humans G. Antonutto, C. Capelli, M. Girardis, P. Zamparo, and P. E. di Prampero Human skeletal muscle HSP70 response to training in highly trained rowers Y. Liu, S. Mayr, A. Opitz-Gress, C. Zeller, W. Lormes, S. Baur, M. Lehmann, and J. M. Steinacker Corticosteroid effects on diaphragm neuromuscular junctions G. C. Sieck, R. H. H. Van Balkom, Y. S. Prakash, W.-Z. Zhan, and P.N. R. Dekhuijzen Muscle quality. I. Age-associated differences between arm and leg muscle groups N.A. Lynch, E. J. Metter, R. S. Lindle, J. L. Fozard, J. D. Tobin, T. A. Roy, J. L. Fleg, and B. F. Hurley Muscle quality. II. Effects of strength training in 65- to 75-yr-old men and women B. L. Tracy, F. M. Ivey, D. Hurlbut, G. F. Martel, J. T. Lemmer, E. L. Siegel, E. J. Metter, J. L. Fozard, J. L. Fleg, and B. F. Hurley Bone hyperemia precedes disuse-induced intracortical bone resorption T. S. Gross, A. A. Damji, S. Judex, R. C. Bray, and R. F. Zernicke PGAM-M expression is regulated pretranslationally in hindlimb muscles and under altered loading conditions R. Kell, H. Pierce, and S. J. Swoap Expression of fibroblast growth factor family during postnatal skeletal muscle hypertrophy P. Mitchell, T. Steenstrup, and K. Hannon Substrate and enzyme profile of fast and slow skeletal muscle fibers in rhesus monkeys V. P. Grichko, G. J. Gettelman, J. J. Widrick, and R. H. Fitts Influence of complete spinal cord injury on skeletal muscle within 6 mo of injury M. J. Castro, D. F. Apple, Jr., R. S. Staron, G. E. R.C ampos, and G. A. Dudley Serum response factor mRNA induction in the hypertrophying chicken patagialis muscle J. A. Carson and F. W. Booth Walking in simulated reduced gravity: mechanical energy fluctuations and exchange T. M. Griffin, N. A. Tolani, and R. Kram METABOLISM Comparison of leucine kinetics in endurance-trained and sedentary humans L. S. Lamont, A. J. McCullough, and S. C. Kalhan CONTROL OF BREATHING, CIRCULATION, AND TEMPERATURE Esophageal temperature threshold for sweating decreases before ovulation in premenopausal women L. A. Stephenson, and M. A. Kolka Influence of group B streptococci on piglet pulmonary artery response to bradykinin R. M. Whitehurst, R. Laskey, R. N. Goldberg, D. Herbert, and C. Van Breemen Bronchial vasodilator pathways in the vagus nerve of dogs T. E. Pisarri, M. P. Zimmerman, T. E. Adrian, J. C. G. Coleridge, and H. M. Coleridge Role of muscular factors in cardiorespiratory responses to static exercise: contribution of reflex mechanisms F. Iellamno, M. Massaro, G. Raimondi, G. Peruzzi, and J. M. Legramante Effects of dopamine and domperidone on ventilatory sensitivity to hypoxia after 8 h of isocapnic hypoxia M. E. F. Pedersen, K. L. Dorrington, and P. A. Robbins A mathematical model for human brain cooling during cold-water near-drowning X. Xu, P. Tikuisis, and G. Giesbrecht Baroreceptor-mediated compensation for hemodynamic effects of positive end-expiratory pressure ; S.S. Blevins, M. J. Connolly, and D. E. Carlson Chronic intermittent hypoxia increases sympathetic responsiveness to hypoxia and hypercapnia H. E. Greenberg, A. Sica, D. Batson, and S. M. Scharf Is breathing in infants chaotic? Dimension estimates for respiratory patterns during quiet sleep M. Small, K. Judd, M. Lowe, and S. Stick Mechanical effects of pharyngeal constrictor activation on pharyngeal airway function S. T. Kuna and C. R. Vanoye CELLULAR ASPECTS OF LUNG FUNCTION Convertase activity in alveolar surfactant and lamellar bodies in fetal, newborn, and adult rabbits M. Oulton, E. Edwards, and K. Handa SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION AND FLUID BALANCE Norepinephrine, but not epinephrine, enhances platelet reactivity and coagulation after exercise in humans H. Tkarugi, T. Taka, S. Nakajima, T. Noguchi, S. Watanabe, Y. Sasaki, S. Haga, T. Ueda, J. Seki, and J. Yamamoto Analytic calculation of physiological acid-base parameters in plasma E. W. Wooten GAS EXCHANGE, MECHANICS, AND AIRWAYS Influence of intercellular tissue connections on airway muscle mechanics R.A. Meiss Effects of lung volume on lung and chest wall mechanics in rats T. Hirai, K. A. McKeown, R. F. M. Gomes, and J. H. T. Bates Elastic moduli of excised constricted rat lungs F. G. Salerno and M. S. Ludwig Pulmonary gas exchange during exercise in pigs S. R. Hopkins, C. M. Stary, E. Falor, H. Wagner, P. D. Wagner, and M. D. McKirnan Strain dependence of the airway response to dry-gas hyperpnea challenge in the rat X. X. Yang, W. S. Powell, L. J. Xu, and J. G. Martin Nitric oxide production and absorption in trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and respiratory bronchioles of humans A. B. DuBois, P. M. Kelley, J. S. Douglas, and V. Mohsenin Regional deposition and retention of particles in shallow, inhaled boluses: effect of lung volume W. D. Bennett, G. Scheuch, K. L. Zeman, J. S. Brown, C. Kim, J. Heyder, and W. Stahlhofen Effects of prolonged oxygen exposure at 1.5, 2.0, or 2.5 ATA on pulmonary function in men (Predictive Studies V) J. M. Clark, C. J. Lambertsen, R. Gelfand, N. D. Flores, J. B. Pisarello, M. D. Rossman, and J. A. Elias Modeling diffusion limitation of gas exchange in lungs containing perfluorocarbon E. M. vanLébenSels, J. C. Anderson, J. Hildebrandt, and M. P. Hlastala Methacholine causes reflex bronchoconstriction E. M. Wagner and D. B. Jacoby Acute response of the lung mechanics of the rabbit to hypoxia H. Sakai, M. Fukui, Y. Nakano, K. Endo, T. Hirai, Y. Oku, and M. Mishima Bolus dispersal through the lungs in surfactant replacement therapy F. F. Espinosa and R. D. Kamm Estimating respiratory mechanics in the presence of flow limitation (SPECIAL COMMUNICATION) E. Bijaoui, S. A. Tuck, J. E. Remmers, and J. H. T. Bates A method for isolating adult and neonatal airway smooth muscle cells and measuring shortening velocity (SPLCIAL COMMUNICATION) S. P. Driska, R. E. Laudadio, M. R. Wolfson, and T. H. Shaffer PULMONARY CIRCULATION AND LUNG FLUID BALANCE Effect of ventilation on vascular permeability and cyclic nucleotide concentrations in ischemic sheep lungs D. B. Pearse, E. M. Wagner, and S. Permutt Alveolar epithelial fluid clearance persists in the presence of moderate left atrial hypertension in sheep A. R. Campbell, H. G. Folkesson, Y. Berthiaume, J. Gutkowska, S. Suzuki, and M. A. Matthay Rate of nitric oxide production by lower alveolar airways of human lungs E. J. Geigel, R. W. Hyde, I. B. Perillo, A. Torres, P. T. Perkins, A. P. Pietropaoli, L. M. Frasier, M. W. Frampton, and M. J. Utell No. 2. FEBRUARY 1999 THIS MONTH IN THE JOURNAL INVITED EDITORIAL Invited Editorial on “Vasomotor responses of soleus feed arteries from sedentary and exercise-trained rats” H. G. Bohlen ENVIRONMENT Radiographic evidence of interstitial pulmonary edema after exercise at altitude J.D. Anholm, E. N. C. Milne, P. Stark, J. C. Bourne, and P. Friedman Heat acclimation does not alter rat mesenteric artery response to norepinephrine R. C. Looft-Wilson, R. D. Matthes, and C. V. Gisolfi Cerebral vasomotor reactivity at high altitude in humans G. F. A. Jansen, A. Krins, and B. Basnyat Mathematical models of diffusion-limited gas bubble dynamics in tissue (SPECIAL COMMUNICATION) R. S. Srinivasan, W. A. Gerth, and M. R. Powell EXERCISE AND MUSCLE Effect of short-term training on mitochondrial ATP production rate in human skeletal muscle E. C. Starritt, D.A ngus, and M. Hargreaves Bed rest increases the amount of mismatched fibers in human skeletal muscle J. L. Andersen, T. Gruschy-Knudsen, C. Sandri, L. Larsson, and S. Schiaffino Effects of eccentric exercise on the immune system in men C. Malm, R. Lenkei, and B. Sjédin Muscle glycogen accumulation after a marathon: roles of fiber type and pro- and macroglycogen S. Asp, J. R. Daugaard, T. Rohde, K. Adamo, and T. Graham Effects of chronic run training on Na*-dependent Ca?* efflux from rat left ventricular myocytes B. M. Palmer, J. M. Lynch, S. M. Snyder, and R. L. Moore Effects of acetaminophen and ibuprofen on renal function in the stressed kidney W. B. Farquhar, A. L. Morgan, E. J. Zambraski, and W. L. Kenney Expiratory flow limitation during exercise in competition cyclists S. Mota, P. Casan, F. Drobnic, J. Giner, O. Ruiz, J. Sanchis, and J. Milic-Emili Diaphragmatic lipid peroxidation in chronically loaded rats G. Supinski, D. Nethery, D. Stofan, W. Hirschfield, and A. DiMarco Liver AMP-activated protein kinase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase during and after exercise C. L. Carlson and W. W. Winder Reduced blood flow in abdominal viscera measured by Doppler ultrasound during one-legged knee extension T. Osada, T. Katsumura, 7. Hamaoka, S. Inoue, K. Esaki, A. Sakamoto, N. Murase, J. Kajiyama, T. Shimomitsu, and H. Iwane Phosphorescence quenching method for measurement of intracellular Po, in isolated skeletal muscle fibers (SPECIAL COMMUNICATION) M. C. Hogan Simultaneous determiration of muscle *!P and O, uptake kinetics during whole body NMR spectroscopy (SPECIAL COMMUNICATION) B. J. Whipp, H. B. Rossiter, S. A.W ard, D. Avery, V. L. Doyle, F. A. Howe, and J. R. Griffiths METABOLISM Respiratory gas-exchange ratios during graded exercise in fed and fasted trained and untrained men B. C. Bergman and G. A. Brooks Interferon-y has immunomodulatory effects with minor endocrine and metabolic effects in humans J. De Metz, F. Sprangers, E. Endert, M. T. Ackermans, I. J. M. ten Berge, H. P. Sauerwein, and J. A. Romijn Norepinephrine response to exercise at the same relative intensity before and after endurance exercise training J. S. Greiwe, R. C. Hickner, S. D. Shah, P. E. Cryer, and J. O. Holloszy Breath ethane as a marker of reactive oxygen species during manipulation of diet and oxygen tension in rats T. H. Risby, L. Jiang, S. Stoll, D. Ingram, E. Spangler, J. Heim, R. Cutler, G. S. Roth, and J. M. Rifkind Comparison of femoral blood gases and muscle near-infrared spectroscopy at exercise onset in humans M. J. MacDonald, M. A. Tarnopolsky, H. J. Green, and R. L. Hughson Bioimpedance Measurement of Extracellular Water (LETTERS TO THE EDITOR) P.R. Schloerb; J. Matthie, G. Pan, P. Withers, B. Zarowitz, A. De Lorenzo, A. Andreoli, and K. Katzarski CONTROL OF BREATHING, CIRCULATION, AND TEMPERATURE Endogenous vasopressin does not mediate hypoxia-induced anapyrexia in rats A. A. Steiner, E. C. Carnio, J. Antunes-Rodrigues, and L. G. S. Branco NO-cGMP pathway accentuates the decrease in heart rate caused by cardiac vagal nerve stimulation C. E. Sears, J. K. Choate, and D. J. Paterson Effect of concentric and eccentric muscle actions on muscle sympathetic nerve activity D.1I. Carrasco, M. D. Delp, and C. A. Ray Rat hindlimb muscle blood flow during level and downhill locomotion M. D. Delp, C. Duan, C. A. Ray, and R. B. Armstrong Effect of increasing central venous pressure during passive heating on skin blood flow C. G. Crandall, B. D. Levine, and R. A. Etzel Critical closing pressure explains cerebral hemodynamics during the Valsalva maneuver S. L. Dawson, R. B. Panerai, and J. F. Potter Beat-to-beat modulation of heart rate is coupled to coronary perfusion pressure in the isolated heart D. P. Slovut, J. C. Wenstrom, R. B. Moeckel, C. T: Salerno, S. J. Park, and J. W. Osborn Oximetry of retinal vessels by dual-wavelength imaging: calibration and influence of pigmentation (SPECIAL COMMUNICATION) J. M. Beach, K. J. Schwenzer, S. Srinivas, D. Kim, and J. S. Tiedeman Characteristics of the muscle mechanoreflex during quadriceps contractions in humans (RAPID COMMUNICATION) M. D. Herr, V. Imadojemu, A. R. Kunselman, and L. I. Sinoway CELLULAR ASPECTS OF LUNG FUNCTION Experimental neonatal respiratory failure induced by lysophosphatidylcholine: effect of surfactant treatment G. Grossmann, K. Tashiro, T. Kobayashi, Y. Suzuki, Y. Matsumoto, Y. Waseda, T. Akino, T. Curstedt, and B. Robertson SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION AND FLUID BALANCE Vasomotor responses of soleus feed arteries from sedentary and exercise-trained rats J. L. Jasperse and M. H. Laughlin Cardiovascular and hemorheological effects of three modified human hemoglobin solutions in hemodiluted rabbits A. Caron, P. Menu, B. Faivre-Fiorina, P. Labrude, A. I. Alayash, and C. Vigneron Effects of acetaminophen and ibuprofen on renal function in anesthetized normal and sodium-depleted dogs A. E. Colletti, H. W. Vogl, T. Rahe, and E. J. Zambraski GAS EXCHANGE, MECHANICS, AND AIRWAYS Effects of load and tone on the mechanics of isolated human bronchial smooth muscle F.-X. Blanc, S. Salmeron, C. Coirault, M. Bard, E. Fadel, E. Dulmet, P. Dartevelle, and Y. Lecarpentier Mechanical properties of lung parenchyma during bronchoconstriction M. Okazawa, Y. D’Yachkova, and P. D. Paré Soft palate muscle responses to negative upper airway pressure T. C. Amis, N. O’Neill, J. R. Wheatley, T. Van der Touw, E. Di Somma, and A. Brancatisano Molecular-weight-dependent effects of nonanticoagulant heparins on allergic airway responses C. Campo, J. F. Molinari, J. Ungo, and T. Ahmed Regional clearance of solute from peripheral airway epithelia: recovery after sublobar exposure to ozone W. M. Foster and A. N. Freed Infrared CO, analyzer error: an effect of background gas (N2 and O2) R. Arieli, O. Ertracht, and Y. Daskalovic Relationship between histamine and physiological changes during the early response to nasal antigen provocation F. M. Baroody, S. Ford, D. Proud, A. Kagey-Sobotka, L. Lichtenstein, and R. M. Naclerio Aerosol probes of lung injury in a 28-wk longitudinal study of mild experimental emphysema in dogs (SPECIAL COMMUNICATION) FE. S. Rosenthal Measurement of tidal volume by using transthoracic impedance variations in rats (SPECIAL COMMUNICATION) K. G. Davidson, A. D. Bersten, T. E. Nicholas, P. R. Ravenscroft, and I. R. Doyle PULMONARY CIRCULATION AND LUNG FLUID BALANCE Structure-function relationships in the pulmonary arterial tree C. A. Dawson, G. S. Krenz, K. L. Karau, S. T. Haworth, C. C. Hanger, and J. H. Linehan Gravity is an important but secondary determinant of regional pulmonary blood flow in upright primates R. W. Glenny, S. Bernard, H. T. Robertson, and M. P. Hlastala Mechanism of mosaic attenuation of the lungs on computed tomography in induced bronchospasm C. Giickel, A. U. Wells, D. A. Taylor, F. Chabat, and D. M. Hansell Ca?** Dependence of Mechanical Injury to Lung Capillaries (LETTERS TO THE EDITOR) J.C. Parker, M. I. Townsley, and T. Stevens; F.-R. E. Curry No. 3. MARCH 1999 THIS MONTH IN THE JOURNAL INVITED REVIEW An overview of phrenic nerve and diaphragm muscle development in the perinatal rat J. J. Greer, D. W. Allan, M. Martin-Caraballo, and R. P. Lemke INVITED EDITORIAL Invited Editorial on “Evidence that neuroepithelial endocrine cells control the spontaneous tone in guinea pig tracheal preparations” E. Cutz and A. Jackson ENVIRONMENT The physiological strain index applied to heat-stressed rats D.S. Moran, M. Horowitz, U. Meiri, A. Laor, and K. B. Pandolf Capsaicin-sensitive C-fiber-mediated protective responses in ozone inhalation in rats K. R. Vesely, D. M. Hyde, M. Y. Stovall, J. R. Harkema, J. F. Green, and E. S. Schelegle Influence of body temperature on the development of fatigue during prolonged exercise in the heat J. Gonzdlez-Alonso, C. Teller, S. L. Andersen, F. B. Jensen, T. Hyldig, and B. Nielsen Barometric pressures on Mt. Everest: new data and physiological significance (SPECIAL COMMUNICATION) J.B. West EXERCISE AND MUSCLE Shortening of muscle relaxation time after creatine loading M. Van Leemputte, K. Vandenberghe, and P. Hespel Effects of muscle perfusion pressure on fatigue and systemic arterial pressure in human subjects J. R. Wright, D. I. McCloskey, and R. C. Fitzpatrick Age-related changes in contractile properties of single skeletal fibers from the soleus muscle L. V. Thompson and M. Brown Resistance training affects GLUT-4 content in skeletal muscle of humans after 19 days of head-down bed rest I. Tabata, Y. Suzuki, T. Fukunaga, T. Yokozeki, H. Akima, and K. Funato African runners exhibit greater fatigue resistance, lower lactate accumulation, and higher oxidative enzyme activity A. R. Weston, O. Karamizrak, A. Smith, T. D. Noakes, and K. H. Myburgh Hindlimb immobilization applied to 21-day-old mdx mice prevents the occurrence of muscle degeneration A. Mokhtarian, J. P. Lefaucheur, P. C. Even, and A. Sebille Effects of impaired Ca?* homeostasis on contraction in postinfarction myocytes X.-Q. Zhang, T. I. Musch, R. Zelis, and J. Y. Cheung Expression of the cell adhesion molecules on leukocytes that demarginate during acute maximal exercise S. F. Van Eeden, J. Granton, J. M. Hards, B. Moore, and J. C. Hogg Alterations in diaphragm contractility after nandrolone administration: an analysis of potential mechanisms M. I. Lewis, M. Fournier, A. Y. Yeh, P. E. Micevych, and G. C. Sieck Exercise-induced alterations in skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain phenotype: dose-response relationship H. A. Demirel, S. K. Powers, H. Naito, M. Hughes, and J. S. Coombes Peptide toxin blockers of voltage-sensitive K* channels: inotropic effects on diaphragm E. Van Lunteren and M. Moyer The maximum shortening velocity of muscle should be scaled with activation J. W. Chow and W. G. Darling Maturation of gait dynamics: stride-to-stride variability and its temporal organization in children J. M. Hausdorff, L. Zemany, C.-K. Peng, and A. L. Goldberger Evidence of O2 supply-dependent Vo2max in the exercise-trained human quadriceps R.S. Richardson, B. Grassi, T. P. Gavin, L. J. Haseler, K. Tagore, J. Roca, and P. D. Wagner Estimation of rat muscle blood flow by microdialysis probes perfused with ethanol, {'4C]ethanol, and 7H,O B. Stallknecht, M. Donsmark, L. H. Enevoldsen, J. D. Fluckey, and H. Galbo Skeletal muscle measurements by MRI (LETTERS TO THE EDITOR) A. Leroy-Willig; R. Ross METABOLISM Alterations of heart function and Na*-K*-ATPase activity by etomoxir in diabetic rats K. Kato, D. C. Chapman, H. Rupp, A. Lukas, and N. S. Dhalla Lactate kinetics at rest and during exercise in lambs with aortopulmonary shunts G. C. M. Beaufort-Krol, W. G. Zijlstra, J. Takens, M. C. Molenkamp, K. J. Meuzelaar, G. B. Smid, and J. R. G. Kuipers Hormone-related, muscle-specific changes in protein metabolism and fiber type profile after faba bean intake G. Friihbeck, A. C. Villaro, I. Monreal, and S. Santidrian Efficacy of recombinant human Hb by *!P-NMR during isovolemic total exchange transfusion L. O. Sillerud, A. Caprihan, N. Berton, and G. J. Rosenthal Effect of ambient temperature on human skeletal muscle metabolism during fatiguing submaximal exercise J. M. Parkin, M. F. Carey, S. Zhao, and M. A. Febbraio CONTROL OF BREATHING, CIRCULATION, AND TEMPERATURE Stroke volume decline during prolonged exercise is influenced by the increase in heart rate R. G. Fritzsche, T. W. Switzer, B. J. Hodgkinson, and E. F. Coyle Heart rate during exercise with leg vascular occlusion in spinal cord-injured humans M. Kjer, F. Pott, T. Mohr, P. Linkis, P. Tornge, and N. H. Secher Command-related distribution of regional cerebral blood flow during attempted handgrip M. Nowak, K. S. Olsen, I. Law, S. Holm, O. B. Paulson, and N. H. Secher Breathing responses to small inspiratory threshold loads in humans S. Yan and J. H. T. Bates Modulation of temperature-induced tone by vasoconstrictor agents M. P. Massett, S. J. Lewis, J. N. Bates, and K. C. Kregel Influence of central antitussive drugs on the cough motor pattern D.C. Bolser, J. A. Hey, and R. W. Chapman Wavelet transform to quantify heart rate variability and to assess its instantaneous changes (SPECIAL COMMUNICATION) V. Pichot, J.-M. Gaspoz, S. Molliex, A. Antoniadis, T. Busso, F. Roche, F. Costes, L. Quintin, J.-R. Lacour, and J.-C. Barthélémy SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION AND FLUID BALANCE Effect of acute normovolemic hemodilution on distribution of blood flow and tissue oxygenation in dog skeletal muscle J. Hutter, O. Habler, M. Kleen, M. Tiede, A. Podtschaske, G. Kemming, C. Corso, S. Batra, P. Keipert, S. Faithfull, and K. Messmer Mechanism for the posture-specific plasma volume increase after a single intense exercise protocol K. Nagashima, G. W. Mack, A. Haskell, T. Nishiyasu, and E. R. Nadel Intestinal reperfusion injury is mediated by IgM and complement J. P. Williams, T. T. V. Pechet, M. R. Weiser, R. Reid, L. Kobzik, F. D. Moore, Jr., M. C. Carroll, and H. B. Hechtman Effects of isoproterenol on myocardial structure and function in septic rats R. D. Piper, F. Y. Li, M. L. Myers, and W. J. Sibbald Physiological variability of fluid-regulation hormones in young women (RAPID COMMUNICATION) N.S. Stachenfeld, L. DiPietro, C. A. Kokoszka, C. Silva, D. L. Keefe, and E. R. Nadel GAS EXCHANGE, MECHANICS, AND AIRWAYS Evidence that neuroepithelial endocrine cells control the spontaneous tone in guinea pig tracheal preparations S. Skogvall, M. Korsgren, and W. Grampp Compliance and stability of the bronchial wall in a model of allergen-induced lung inflammation H. W. Mitchell, D. J. Turner, P. R. Gray, and P. K. McFawn Acinar flow irreversibility caused by perturbations in reversible alveolar wall motion A. Tsuda, Y. Otani, and J. P. Butler A source of experimental underestimation of aerosol bolus deposition (SPECIAL COMMUNICATION) S. Verbanck, C. Darquenne, G. K. Prisk, W. Vincken, and M. Paiva LMR spectroscopy: a new sensitive method for on-line recording of nitric oxide in breath (SPECIAL COMMUNICATION) P. Miirtz, L. Menzel, W. Bloch, A. Hess, O. Michel, and W. Urban PULMONARY CIRCULATION AND LUNG FLUID BALANCE Pulmonary capillary perfusion: intra-alveolar fractal patterns and interalveolar independence W. W. Wagner, Jr., T. M. Todoran, N. Tanabe, T. M. Wagner, J. A. Tanner, R. W. Glenny, and R. G. Presson, Jr. No. 4. APRIL 1999 THIS MONTH IN THE JOURNAL INVITED REVIEW Interaction of factors determining oxygen uptake at the onset of exercise M. E. Tschakousky and R. L. Hughson INVITED EDITORIAL Invited Editorial on “Kinetics of absorption atelectasis during anesthesia: a mathematical model” G. Hedenstierna ENVIRONMENT Increased brain capillaries in chronic hypoxia J. A. Boero, J. Ascher, A. Arregui, C. Rovainen, and T. A. Woolsey Effect of chronic sodium cyanate administration on O2 transport and uptake in hypoxic and normoxic exercise W. McCanse, K. Henderson, T. Urano, I. Kuwahira, R. L. Clancy, and N. C. Gonzalez EXERCISE AND MUSCLE a-Lipoic acid supplementation: tissue glutathione homeostasis at rest and after exercise S. Khanna, M. Atalay, D. E. Laaksonen, M. Gul, S. Roy, and C. K. Sen Effect of a single bout of acute exercise on plasma human immunodeficiency virus RNA levels R. Roubenoff, P. R. Skolnik, A. Shevitz, L. Snydman, A. Wang, S. Melanson, and S. Gorbach Stimulation of myofibrillar synthesis by exercise is mediated by more efficient translation of mRNA S. Welle, K. Bhatt, and C. A. Thornton High aerobic capacities in the skeletal muscles of pinnipeds: adaptations to diving hypoxia S. B. Kanatous, L. V. DiMichele, D. F. Cowan, and R. W. Davis Altered reflex sensitivity after repeated and prolonged passive muscle stretching J. Avela, H. Kyréldinen, and P. V. Komi Reduced reflex sensitivity persists several days after long-lasting stretch-shortening cycle exercise J. Avela, H. Kyréldinen, P. Y. Komi, and D. Rama Effects of activation frequency and force on low-frequency fatigue in human skeletal muscle S. A. Binder-Macleed and D. W. Russ Human muscle performance and PCr hydrolysis with varied inspired oxygen fractions: a °!P-MRS study M. C. Hogan, R. S. Richardson, and L. J. Haseler Evaluation of pulmonary resistance and maximal expiratory flow measurements during exercise in humans K. C. Beck, R. E. Hyatt, P. Mpougas, and P. D. Scanlon METABOLISM Gas supersaturation in the cecal wall of mice due to bacterial CO2 production H. Rasmussen, G. Kvarstein, H. Johnsen, H. Dirven, T. Midtvedt, P. Mirtaheri, and T. I. Tonnessen Tomographical description of tennis-loaded radius: reciprocal relation between bone size and volumetric BMD N. Ashizawa, K. Nonaka, S. Michikami, T. Mizuki, H. Amagai, K. Tokuyama, and M. Suzuki Effects of a high-fat diet and voluntary wheel running on gluconeogenesis and lipolysis in rats D. A. Podolin, Y. Wei, and M. J. Pagliassotti Relationship between activity levels, aerobic fitness, and body fat in 8- to 10-yr-old children (SPECIAL COMMUNICATION) A. V. Rowlands, R. G. Eston, and D. K. Ingledew CONTROL OF BREATHING, CIRCULATION, AND TEMPERATURE Myogenic and vasoconstrictor responsiveness of skeletal muscle arterioles is diminished by hindlimb unloading M. D. Delp Role of nitric oxide in the vascular effects of local warming of the skin in humans D. L. Kellogg, Jr., Y. Liu, I. F. Kosiba, and D. O’Donnell Larynx vs. esophagus as reflexogenic sites for acid-induced bronchoconstriction in dogs T. Ishikawa, S.-I. Sekizawa, F. B. Sant’‘Ambrogio, and G. Sant’Ambrogio Vagal esophageal receptors in anesthetized dogs: mechanical and chemical responsiveness S.-I. Sekizawa, T. Ishikawa, F. B. Sant’Ambrogio, and G. Sant’Ambrogio Enhanced peripheral chemoreflex function in conscious rabbits with pacing-induced heart failure S.-Y. Sun, W. Wang, I. H. Zucker, and H. D. Schultz Enhanced activity of carotid body chemoreceptors in rabbits with heart failure: role of nitric oxide S.-Y. Sun, W. Wang, I. H. Zucker, and H. D. Schultz Physiological responses of exercised-fatigued individuals exposed to wet-cold conditions P. Tikuisis, M. B. Ducharme, D. Moroz, and I. Jacobs Expiratory time determined by individual anxiety levels in humans Y. Masaoka and I. Homma Role of expiratory flow limitation in determining lung volumes and ventilation during exercise S. R. McClaran, T. J. Wetter, D. F. Pegelow, and J. A. Dempsey Effect of upper airway negative pressure on proprioceptive afferents from the tongue A. Brancatisano, P. Davis, T. Van der Touw, and J. R. Wheatley Increased cerebral extracellular adenosine and decreased PGE, during ethanol-induced inhibition of FBM C. S. Watson, S. E. White, J. H. Homan, K. A. Kimura, J. F. Brien, L. Fraher, J. R. G. Challis, and A. D. Bocking