Jonathan Edwards's Philosophy of History: The Reenchantment of the World in the Age of Enlightenment PDF
Preview Jonathan Edwards's Philosophy of History: The Reenchantment of the World in the Age of Enlightenment
J E P H onathan dwards’s hilosophy of istory This page intentionally left blank J E P H onathan dwards’s hilosophy of istory THE REENCHANTMENT OF THE WORLD IN THE AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT A Z vihu akai PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS PRINCETON AND OXFORD Copyright©2003byPrincetonUniversityPress PublishedbyPrincetonUniversityPress,41WilliamStreet, Princeton,NewJersey08540 IntheUnitedKingdom:PrincetonUniversityPress, 3MarketPlace,Woodstock,OxfordshireOX201SY AllRightsReserved LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Zakai,Avihu. JonathanEdwards’sphilosophyofhistory:thereenchantmentoftheworldintheAgeof Enlightenment/AvihuZakai. p.cm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN0-691-09654-6(alk.paper) 1.Edwards,Jonathan,1703–1758—Contributionsinhistoryofphilosophy.2.History— Philosophy.3.Enlightenment.I.Title. B873.Z352003 231.7'6'092—dc21 2002031742 BritishLibraryCataloging-in-PublicationDataisavailable ThisbookhasbeencomposedinSabonandCentaur Printedonacid-freepaper.∞ www.pupress.princeton.edu PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To Yehoshua Arieli ANDTOTHECENTEROFTHEOLOGICALINQUIRYINPRINCETON WHEREMOSTOFTHEBOOKWASWRITTEN This page intentionally left blank C ontents Abbreviations xi Preface xiii Introduction TheAmericanAugustine 1 EDWARDS’SLIFEOFTHEMIND One AShortIntellectualBiography 29 EarlyLife,Education,andWorks 30 EarlyCareerandStudies 35 NorthamptonPastorate 37 TheGreatAwakening 41 LifeandWorksatStockbridge 45 THESOUL Two YoungManEdwards:ReligiousConversionandTheologiaGloriae 51 ConstructingtheSelf:Edwards’sConversionMoment 53 ConversionasanExistentialReligiousExperience 58 Edwards’sExperienceofConversion 60 TheMorphologyofEdwards’sConversion 66 ConversionandtheDevelopmentofEdwards’sTheological andPhilosophicalThought 74 SPACE Three TheologyintheAgeofScientificReasoning:Edwardsandthe ReenchantmentoftheWorld 85 TheScientificRevolution’sDisenchantmentoftheWorld 92 AtomicDoctrine 96 TheMechanizationofNatureandtheWorld 101 TheLawsofNature 103 GodandtheWorld 108 TheNatureoftheCreatedOrder 113 viii CONTENTS ThePovertyoftheMechanisticInterpretation 116 EdwardsandtheReenchantmentoftheWorld 118 DisenchantmentoftheWorld,Eighteenth-Century Imagination,andtheProtestantEvangelicalAwakening 120 TIME Four TheIdeologicalOriginsofEdwards’sPhilosophyofHistory 131 TheDisenchantmentoftheWorldandtheReenchantment oftheSoul 133 ConstructingtheOrderofTime 138 HomogeneousTime,EmptyTime,and“RedeemingtheTime” 143 History,Ideology,andRedemption 150 Edwards’sPoeticsofHistory 155 EcclesiasticalHistoryasaModeofChristianHistoricalThought 163 TheProtestantandPuritanIdeologyofHistory 168 EdwardsasanEcclesiasticalHistorian 174 Five God’sGreatDesigninHistory:TheFormationofEdwards’s RedemptiveModeofHistoricalThought 182 TheQuestforGod’sAbsoluteSovereigntyintheOrderofTime 187 TheFormationoftheRedemptiveModeofHistorical Thought:TheEarlyMiscellanies 191 TheWorkofRedemptionandtheWorkofConversion 197 God’sGreatDesigninHistory 200 Conversion,Revival,andRedemption—The“LittleRevival,” 1734–1735 205 TheWorkofRedemptionandGod’sSelf-Glorification 210 TheWorkofRedemptionasthe“GreatEndandDriftof allGodsWorks” 213 Six Edwards’sPhilosophyofHistory:TheHistoryoftheWorkof Redemption 221 SacredHistoryandHistoriaHumana 226 TheHistoryoftheWorkofRedemption 234 TheRedemptiveModeofHistoricalThought 239 RevivalastheManifestationofDivineAgencyintheOrder ofHistory 247 TheTheologicalandTeleologicalStructureInherentinthe RedemptiveProcess 255 CONTENTS ix Seven “ChariotsofSalvation”:TheApocalypseandEschatologyofthe GreatAwakening 272 RhetoricandHistoryintheGreatAwakening 276 TheEschatologyofSinnersintheHandsofanAngryGod 280 “TheGloryoftheApproachingHappyStateoftheChurch”: TheDistinguishingMarks 289 The“GloriousWorkofGod”which“ShallRenewtheWorld ofMankind”:SomeThoughtsConcerningtheRevival 294 ETHICS Eight EdwardsandtheEnlightenmentDebateonMoralPhilosophy 307 TheEnlightenmentDisenchantmentoftheWorldofEthics andMorals 312 EdwardsandtheBritishSchoolofMoralSense 319 Epilogue EdwardsandAmericanProtestantTradition 325 Index 337
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