Japanese FAST - Student Text

522 Pages·2008·18.84 MB·English

by  Foreign Service Institute

Japanese
Familiarization & Short-term Training
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TableofContents
並 区 Lesson Contents 白旦皇
FirstEncounters IntroductiontoJapanandtheJapaneselanguage
2. Findingoutwhereyouare 19
3. Identifyingobjects 35
4. Askingabouttheavailabilityofmerchandiseor 51
services
5. Introductions 65
II. GettingDirections 6. PlacenamesofinterestinTokyo 79
7. Somebasicplaceexpressions 89
8. Gettingtheansweryouwant(1) 105
9. Gettingtheansweryouwant(2) 119
10. Askingthedistance 137
ReviewLesson:MakingItWork(1) 155
1.
III. Transpo吋ation 噌a， Buyingatrainticket 157
12. Takingtherighttrain 175
13. Gettingoffattherightstop 191
14. Findinbguouttherightexitandchangingtrains 205
andbuses
15. Takingataxi 219
IV. Shopping 16. Locatingmerchandise 235
17. Askingforserviceandindicatingpreference 251
18. Makingadecision 269
19. Payingandreceivingchange 285
20. Dailygreetings 299
ReviewLesson:MakingItWork(2) 319
V. EatingOut 21. Seat~ng andaskingforservice 321
22. Placinganorder 335
23. Placinganorderandpaying 351
VI. Telephoning 24. Openingatelephoneconversation 371
25. Makingandreceivingabusinesscall 383
26. Moretelephonecalls 399
VII. Emergenciesand 27. Emergencies 413
Problems 28. Gettingthingsfixed 427
VIII. UsefulExpressions 29. Goingoutforentertainment 441
30. Expressingappreciation，regretandother 457
sentiments
ReviewLesson:MakingItWork(3) 469
Japanese-EnglishGlossary 473
English-JapaneseGlossary 496
TableofMonths，Days，WeeksandCounters 516
lii
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PREFACE
TheJapaneseFamiliarizationandShortTerm(FAST)Courseisoneofaseries
ofsimilarforeignlanguagecoursesproducedattheForeignServiceInstitutethat
areintendedtotrainU.S.Governmentpesonnelassignedtooverseasposts. The
objectiveoftheFASTCoursesistohelpstudentsacquirethecommunicationskills
necessarytodealwiththemostcommonsocialanddailylifesituationstheywill
encounterduringtheiroverseasassignments. Languageformsadequatetosatisfy
personalneeds，"how-to"information，andculturalhighlightsarepresentedina
formatthatwillencouragestudentstotryoutandusewithconfidencethe
languageskillstheyhavedeveloped.
TheoriginalversionoftheJapaneseFASTCoursewasdraftedin1981by
TetsuoKumatoriyaandMariTakahashiunderthedirectionofMadelineE.Ehrman.
Thesematerialswereeditedin1985byJohnB.Ratliff，III，andHedyA.St.Denis.
Basedonobservationofstudentperformanceandcommentsofbothstudentsand
instructorsatFSI，thecoursehasbeenextensivelyrevisedoverthepastseveralyears.
Mrs.TomokoTanakaCampen，SeniorInstructorintheFSIJapaneseSection，has
beendeeplyinvolvedinthisworkalongwiththeteamofinstructorsthatsheheads:
MiyukiFogel，MasaloGonzales-Montero，MasaloNanto，andSetsukoPfeiffer.
く く
ThomasE.Maddenassistedwiththedesignandlay-outofthecamera-readycopy
andCorneliusC.Iくublerwasresponsiblefortheeditingofthefinalversionofthe
course.
TheJapaneseFASTCoursewasdesignedasasix-weekintroductorycoursefor
employeesanddependentswithimminentassignmentstoJapanwhoareunableto
taketheregular44-weekJapaneseBasicCourse.ItshouldbenotedthattheFAST
Coursedoesnotattempttopresentasystematic，comprehensiveintroductionto
Japanesegrammar;instead，bitsandpiecesofthegrammararepracticedand
explainedastheyappearnaturallyinthedialogs. Inviewoftheemphasisonthe
immediatelypracticalandtheamountoftimeavailable，alllinguisticexplanations
havebeengreatlysimplified.
Usersofthesematerialswhohavesuggestionsforimprovementofthisfirst
publishededitionshouldsendthemtotheJapaneseLanguageSection，Department
ofAsianandAfricanLanguages，SchoolofLanguageStudies，ForeignService
Institute，DepartmentofState，Washington，D.C.20520.
Washington，D.C. July1988
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Lesson1 IntroductiontoJapanandtheJapaneselanguage
Lesson 1
INTRODUCTIONTOJAPAN
AND
THEJAPANESELANG・UAGE
こ ん に ち は
O
Inthislesson，youwilllearnhowto
• stateyourname，Japanesestyle
• greetpeopleinJapanese
• saythefollowinginJapanese:
I'don'tunderstand'
'Iunderstand'
• askaJapanesepersontorepeatsomething
• countnumbersupto99
Youwillalsobecomefamiliarwithafewrepresentative
scenesfromandfactsaboutJapan
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lesson1 IntroductiontoJapanandtheJapaneselanguage
Presentation
1.
Theinstructorwillselectfromamongthefollowingtoshowtotheclass:
a. films，slides，andvideotapes
b. pictures，postcards，magazines，dolls，books，newspapers，money，etc.
Askaboutanddiscusswithyourinstructorsandfellowstudentsanythingwhichyou
findinterestinginthefilmsordisplays.
2.
YouwillprobablyfindthatyoualreadyknowsomeJapanese.Whataresomeofthe
Japanesewordsyouhaveheardbefore?Telltheclass.
HaveyoubeentoJapan?Ifso，brieflydescribeyourexperiencetotheclass.What
citiesdidyouvisitandwhomdidyoumeet?Tellthenamesofthecitiesandpersonstothe
class.Practicethepronunciationofthewordsoutloudbyrepeatingaftertheinstructor.
3. a. ListentotheinstructorreadthefollowingJapanesewordsandguessthemeaning
ofeachword.ThewordsareoriginallyfromEnglishbuttheyarefrequentlyusedin
presentdayJapanese.(Youdon'thavetomemorizethewordsnow，theywillappearin
laterunits.)
listenandguessthemeaning
YOURTASK:
familiarizationwiththesoundsystem
PURPOSE:
basu 5. erebeetaa 9. esukareetaa 13. koora
2. biiru 6. chokoreeto 10. sandoitchi 14. sarada
3. menyuu 7. wain 11. shatsu 15. seetaa
4. biifu 8. koohii 12. hanbaagaa 16. sokkusu
b. Makesureyourguesswasζorrect.Repeataftertheteachertopracticepronunciation.
confirmationandrepetition，withmeaningunderstood
YOURTASK:
familiarizationwiththesoundsystem
PURPOSE:
c. Theinstructorwillshowyouaseriesofpicturesandask，
Korewanandesuka? Whatisthis?
Answerthequestionbysaying...desu，whichmeans'(It)is...'
YOURTASK: look，listen，andanswer
PURPOSE: practicepronunciation，introductionof...desu
toidentifyanobject
2
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Lesson1 IntroductiontoJapanandtheJapaneselanguage
4. a. ListentotheinstructorreadAmericannamespronouncedintheJapaneseway.
Guesswhatnameswereread.
YOURTASK: listenandguessthemeaning
PURPOSE: comprehensionofcommonAmericannames
1. Sumisu 4. Joonzu 7. Jonson 10. Buraun
2. Teeraa 5. Tonpuson 8. Toomasu 11. Makudonarudo
3. Hoomuzu 6. Andaason 9. Reegan 12. Jakuson
b. Makesureyourguesswascorrect. Repeatthenamesaftertheinstructorto
practicepronunciation.
YOURTASK: confirmationandrepetition
PURPOSE: practiceJapanesepronunciationofAmericannames
c. Practicethepronunciationofyournameaswellasthenamesoftheotherstudents.
d. TellyourinstructoryournameinJapanese，saying
Watakushiwa...desu，whichmeans'I'm.一'
YOURTASK: tellyourname
PURPOSE: pronunciationofyourname
introductionofWatakushiwa...desu.
5. a. Theinstructorwillcalltheroll.Sayhaimeaning'yes，'whenyournameisζailed.(In
thissituation，thewordcanmean'here'or'present.')
Instructor: ...san.
YOURTASK: listenandanswer
PURPOSE: comprehensionofAmericannames，...san，and
affirmativeanswers
b. Whatdoestheinstructorsayaftereachname? Whatdoyouthinkisthemeaning
oftheword? Discuss.
YOURTASK: listenandidentifyawordanditsmeaning
PURPOSE: addressterm...san
c. Theinstructorwilltellyouhisorherfullname. Listencarefullyandwriteitdown.
Dids/hesay...sanattheendofthename? Whichdoyouthinkisthefirstnameand
thelastname? S/hewillalsogivesomecommonJapanesenames. Repeatafterthe
instructortopracticepronunCiation.
Instructor: Watakushiwa...desu.
YOURTASK: listenandwrite
PURPOSE: wordorderofJapanesenames
introductionofcommonJapanesenames
3
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Lesson1 IntroductiontoJapanandtheJapaneselanguage
6.
a. LookatthemapofJapan(Nihon 日本)belowandidentifythenamesofthe
islandsandthecitieswhereAmericanconsulatesandAmericancentersarelocated.
Praticethepronunciationofeachplace，repeatingaftertheinstructor.
仁
American
Island Consulate Center
(USIA)
。 • IIIIII判11111\\I
Hokkaid Sapporo Sapporo
Honshu Tokyo Tokyo
Osaka Osaka
Kobe Nagoya
Kyoto
Shikoku
Kyushu Fukuoka Fukuoka
Okinawa Naha
1111
G~
χ9
Na
4
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Lesson1 IntroductiontoJapanandtheJapaneselanguage
b. TheinstructorasksyouaquestionbyreferringtothemapofJapan. Answerthe
question.
Example:
Instructor: Korewa(placename)desuka?
Student: Hai，soodesu. Yes，itis
OR
lie，chigaimasu. No，itisno.t
(Iit.，No，itisdifferent.)
Whenyoudonotunderstandtheword(s)theinstructorsaid，askhimorherto
repeatthequestionbysaying
、
Suminasen. I'msorry.ORExcuseme.
Mooichi-doittekudasa.i Pleasesay(that)again.
YOURTASK: answerthequestionandgetunclearquestionsrepeated
PURPOSE: introducepositiveandnegativeanswersandrequestsfor
repetition
c. CommunicationGame
Directions:
OnestudentpointstoaplaceonthemapofJapanandaskswhetheritisa
pa同icularplacebysaying:Korewa(placename)desuka?Asecondstudentanswers
his/herquestionbysayingeither:Hai，soodesu，orlie，chigaimasu. Ifthesecond
studentdoesnotgetawordinthequestion，s/heasksthefirststudenttorepeatthe
questionbysayingSumimaser Mooichi-doittekudasa.i
可.
7. a. Thefollowingexpressionsareusedasgreetings.Listentotheinstructorandrepeat.
Ohayoogozaimasu. Goodmorning.
Konnichiwa. GoodafternoonORGoodday.
Konbanwa. Goodevening.
Sayoonara. Good-bye.
YOURTASK: listenandrepeat
PURPOSE: introductionofgreetingexpressions
5
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Lesson1 IntroductiontoJapanandtheJapaneselanguage
b. Practicethefollowinggreetings:
A: ...sanohayoogozaimasu. Goodmorning，Mr./Ms..
B: Ohayoogozaimasu. Goodmorning.
2. A: Konnichiwa. 耐 嗣 Goodafternoon.
U
B: Konnichiwa. Goodafternoon.
3. A: Konbanwa. Goodevennn
u
B: Konbanwa. GoodevennJn
3
4. A: Sayoonara. Good-bye.
B: Sayoonara. Good-bye.
•••
，‘、E .a，‘，••
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Lesson1 IntroductiontoJapanandtheJapaneselanguage
8. Classroomexpressions
Duringthecourse，yourinstructorwilltrytocommunicatewithyouusingJapanese
wheneverpossible.Youwillfindthefollowingclassroomexpressionshelpfulforsmoother
communication. (TheseexpressionswillalsobeusefulforcommunicationwithJapanese
peopleoutsideclass.)
a. Instructor: Wakarimasuka? Doyouunderstand?
Student: Hai，wakarimasu. Yes，Iunderstand.
OR
lie，wakarimasen. No，Idon'tunderstand.
b. Student: Mooichi-doittekudasa.i Pleasesayitagain.
9. Readingnumbers
ThefollowingistheJapanesenumericalsystemfromzeroto99. Practicethe
pronunciationofthenumbersbyrepeatingaftertheinstructor.
。
zero 30 san-Juu
ichi 31 sa作n.刊uiω小d州h、叫i
2 nI 32 san-JuunI
3 san
4 shi/yon 40 yon-Juu
5 go 50 nヨO-IUU
6 roku 60 roku-juu
7 shichilnana 70 nana-Juu
8 hachi 80 hachi-juu
9 ku/kyuu 90 kyuu-juu
10 JUu
11 juuichi 91 kyuu-juuichi
12 JUunI 92 kyuu-juuni
13 JUusan 93 kyuu-juusan
14 juushi/yon 94 kyuujuushi/yon
15 juugo 95 kyuu-juugo
円
16 juuroku 96 kyuu-juuroku
17 juushichi/nana 97 kyuu-juushichi
18 juuhachi 98 kyuu-juuhachi
19 juuku/kyuu 99 kyuu-juukyuu
20 nJUU
ト
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