J The Cassava Biotechnology

497 Pages·2013·18.53 MB·English

Working Document No. 150·
v.;J
The Cassava Biotechnology
N etwork
~.),
Proceedings oC the Second Internatlonal Scientlfic Meeting
r. Indonesia. 22-26 August 1994
Volume II
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The CaII8ava Blotechnology Nelwork (CBN)
The Central Raearch InaUtute for Food Crops (CRlFCI oí \he
215 S. (
Agency for AgI1cuItural Reaearch and Development (AARD). indonesia
Centro Intemactonal de AgrIcultura TropIcal ICIA'I) ..
: :' :
8upporied by
The Dlrectorate General for IntemaUonal Cooperauon
Spectal Prognunme on BlOtechnology and DeveIopment CooperaUon
'lbe Nelherlanda
'lbe Rockefeller FoundaUon
'lbe ThaI Tapioca Oevelópment Instltute
Centre TeclmIque de Coopératlon Agr\ooIe el RuraIe (CTAl
Unlted Statea Agency for InternaUonaJ DeYelopment. Jakarta MIssIon
(f)
CRIFClAARD
n
Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical ICIA
IntemBtional Center for TropicBI Agriculture
Apartado Aéreo 6713
Call. Colombia
Working Document No. 160
Press runo 500
JulV 1996
The Cassava blotechnology network : proceedings of the second International scientific
meeting, Bogar. Indonesia. 22-26 August 1994. - Cali. Colombia : Centro
Internacional de Agricultura Tropical, 1995.
2 v. - IWorking docurnent ; no. 1501
•
•
CONTENTS
Page
VOLUMEI
Ust of Partlcipantl xv
Visiting nations and international institutions xv
Indonesia (host nation) xxv
Preface xxxi
OPENING PLENARY SESSION 1
Why, what, who and when: An overview of the CaSS8va
Biotechnology Network ICBN) and current cassava
biotechnology research worldwide
A. M. Thro, M. Bonierbale, W. M. Roca, R. Best and G. Henry 3
NEEOS ASSESSMENT ANO PRIORITY SETTING FOR
CASSAVA BlOTECHNOlOOY 17
Role of caSS8va in the diet: Urban areas and rain forests of Colombia
D. L. Dufour 19
Village perspectivas on caSS8va: CBN case study in TanzallÍa
A. M. Thro, M. Msabaha, H. KuI8mbeka, W. Shengero,
A. Kapande, N. Mlingi, L. Hemed and P. Digges; with J. Cropley 28
Incorporating a user-perspective in priority setting:
The case of the CaSS8va Biotechnology Network
J. K. Lynam 36
CaSS8va biotechnology priority setting: Old hat for a new tool
G. Henry, A. M. Thro and J. Lynam 46.1
BlOTECHNOlOGY TOOlS FOR CASSAVA RESEARCH ANO
DEVElOPMENT 47
Mllnilwt Genome and Genetlc Improvement 47
A linkage map of casseva (Manihot e8Culenta Crantz) based on
RFlP and RAPO markers
M. Fregene, F. Angel, R. Gómez, F. RodrIguez, M. Maya,
M. Bonierbale, J. Tohm6, C. Iglesias and W. Roca 49
iii
••
Paga
Phylogenatic analysis of the genus Manihot based on molecular
markers
B. Sehaal, P. O/son, T. Prinzie, L. J. C. B. Carva/ho,
N. J. Tonukari and D. Hayworth 62
Applying ONA fingerprinting techniques in Hevea studies
F. C. Low, S. Atan, S. L. Khoo, H. Jaafar, H. Tan, K. M. Devos
and M. D. Ga/e 71
Evaluation of molecular approaches far determining genetic diversity
in cassava germplasm
J. R. Beeching, P. Marmay, M. A. Hughes and A. Charríer 80
Relationships between Manihot spacies: A review
N. M. A. Nassar 90
Analysis of genetic relationships among Manihot interspecific hybrids
and their parental specles, using RAPO assay
G. S. C. Buso, L. J. C. B. Carva/ho and N. M. A. Nassar 101
Application of molecular markers to describing the genatio structure
of cassava gene pools
M. W. Bonierbale, M. M. Maya, J. L. Claros and C. Iglesias 106
Selecting heterozygous parents and single-dose markers for genetio
mapping in cassava
R. G6mez, F. Angel, M. W. Bonierbale, F. Rodrfguez, J. Tohmé
and W. M. Roca 113
Phylogenatic felationships of Manihot species revealad by restriction
fragment length polymorphism
H. R. Haysom, T. L. C. Chan, S. Lidd/e and M. A. Hughes 125
Structural variation in cassava chloroplast ONA
S. S. Joseph and H. H. Yeoh 135
Apomixis development and selection in cassava IManihot esculenta
Crantz)
N. M. A. Nassar 141
ONA fingerprinting to confirm possible ganatic duplicatas in cassava
germplasm
C. acampo, F. Angel, A. Jiménez, G. Jaramillo, C. Hershey,
E. Granados and C. Iglesias 145
Iv
Page
An improved cleared-pistil technique for rapid in tato observation
of embryo aac malformation in cassava (Manillot esculentlJ Crantz)
M. N. OgblJl'Ül and T. Adachl 152
Studv on interapecific evolutlonarv relationshipa and intraapacific
charactarization of casaava garmplasm at CENARGENIEMBRAPA
L. J. C. B. ClJrvalho, G. S. C. Buso, C. Brandoni,
A. C. Allem, W. M. G. FukudIJ and M. J. A. M. Sampaio 163
Manillat Germplasm Conurvatlon, Exchange aOO Mlcropropalllltlon 175
Micropropagation and germplasm storaga in cassava
G. G. Hsnshaw 177
Rapid propagation of cassava bv tissua cultura aOO ita applicatlon
in rural districts in China
J.-y. Gua and Y. O. Liu 183
Cryopresarvation for long-terín conaarvation o, cassava ganatic
rasources
R. H. Escobar. G. MafIIJ snd W. M. Roca 190
Evaluation 01 claanad cassava variatiaa in Congo
J. Mabanzll, A. V. RodrlgUBz-Andrlyamasl, J. Mahouka snd
B. Boumba 194
Maristem cultura and in vitro malntananca of Philippine cassava
V. Z. Acedo 202
Influenca of madium componenta on hardaning of caauva aftar
rnicropropagation in liquid nutriant madlum
v. F. A. Broomes and R. Lacon 210
Establishment of • core casaava germplasm collection in ThallaOO
S. SarIJkam, A. Limsila, W. Watananonta, C. Thiraportl,
S. Sinthuprama and K. Kawsno 220
Ca_va Ragenaratlon and Tranaformatlon 227
Production of friable embrvogenic calli 800 auspansion culture
avstema in two genotypaa of caaaava
N. J. TI1YIor. M. Edwl1rds snd G. G. HBnshaw 229
v
Page
::J-)
Progress in Agrobaetsrium-mediated transformation of cassava
f'
(Manihot eseu/enta Crantzl
...... - R. Sa"ia, E. T~es, N. Ba/elzar, L. Dest6fano-Be/trán and
w:
M. Roca
"';:/, New Agrobacterium tumefaeiens plasmids for cassava transtormation
! "K
',,- ---' D. /. Arias-Garz6n and R. Sarria 245
Transformation of cassava embryoids by microbombardment of
embryogenic suspensions
C. SchiJpks, N. TayJor, R. Carcamo, G. G. Henshaw,
R. N. Beachy and C. Fauquet 257
Cassava transformation by Agrobaeterium tumefaeiens and particle
acceleration
G. B. Cabral, L. de O. Bautista, G. M. de Andrade, E. L. Rl1Ch
and A. C. M. Brasileiro 264
Nodal axillary meristems as target tissue for shoot production and
genetic transformation in cassava (Mam'hot esculenta Crantzl
N. K. Konan, R. S. Sangwan and B. S. Sangwan-Norrell 276
Improvement of plant regeneration from secondary somatic embryos
of cassava
H.-a. Li, Y.-W. Huang, C.-Y. Liang and J.·Y. Gua 289
Gene transter to cassava somatle embryoa vía tissus
ell1Ctroporation and partícle bombardment
H. T. Luong. P. R. Shewry and P. A. LlJZzeri 303
Improving the regeneretion of plantleta from somatic embryos
of cassava
H. Mathews, C. SehiipkIJ, R. Carcamo, R. N. Beachyand
C. Fauquet 315
Somatíc embryogenesis and plant regeneratlon in cassava
T. C. Narayanaswamy, N. M. Ramaswamyand
S. R. Sree Rangaswamy 324
Histology of somatío embryogenesis and evaluation of somaolonal
variation
C. J. J. M. Raemakers, E. Jacobsen end R. G. F. Visser 336
NAA-induced somatio embryogenesis in cassava
C. J. J. M. Raemakers, E. Sofiar¡, E. Kanju. E. Jaeobsen and
R. G. F. Vísser 355
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Page
IOOuction of somatic embryogenesis in Indonesian cassava genotypes
E. Sudllrmonowllti and A. S. Baehtiar 364
Embryogenesis and regeneration from cassava calli of anther aOO leef
A. Mukherjee 375
VOLUMEII
BIOTECHNOLOGY APPUCATlONS IN CASSAVA RESEARCH AND
DEVELOPMENT 383
Cassava Cyanoganellls: Ganadas. Blochemlstry and Physlology 383
Biochemistry aOO molecular biology of cyanogenesis
M. A. Hughes. J. Hughes. S. Llddle IInd Z. Keresztessy 385
Manipulating cassava cyanogenesis in tissue cultura by using
extrinsic factor8
P. PBnutat. S. Sanghlrun, T. timpasenl and M. Chulavatnatol 396
Unamara88 accumulation in cassava leaves fManihot esculenta CranU)
/. Morales and L. Vil/egas 404
A molecular study of cyanogenic a-hydroxynitrile Iyase from cassava
(Manihot esculents)
J. Hughes and M. A. Hughes 414
Regulation of cyanogenic potential in caSS8va (Manlhot eseu/enta Crantz)
J. M. McMahon and R. T. SIIyre 423
Cyanogenic potantial o, culturad calla. tllSue.. plant8 and 8eedlings
of ca8S8V8
B. Nambisan and A. Mukherjee 432
Production of linemerale from the yiast'llBMBnula Bnomala
C. Puttikhunt. S. Piehyangkurs and S. Kinoshita 439
Residual cyanide in processed cassava chips related to storaga insects
P. Rajamma. G. Padmaja and K. R. Lakshmi 451
8I01lc aOO Ablotic Stre. ... on Ce'lava Produc:tlon 461
Cassava viruses in the Old World
B. D. Ha"ison. M. M. Swanson and D. J. Robinson 463
vil
Page
Cassava bactarial blight: Pathogenicity and resistance and
implications in development of resistant lines
R. M. Cooper, N. Deshappriya, J. M. Clarkson and
G. G. Henshaw 473
Potential biochemical mechanisms used by Congolese cassava
to resist mealybug
P. A. Calatayud and B. Le RO 485
The response of a polyphagous pest (Cyrtomenus bergi Froeschnerl
to casseva cultivars with variabla HCN content in root parenchyma
and peel
L. Ríis, A. C. Bellottí and O. Vargas 501
Preliminary studies on bivalent cecropin gene expression vector
construction aOO transferring into cassava
X. Zheng, X. Jin, X. Chen, Y. Zhang, C. Huang and J. Zhang 510
The Atrlcan easseva mosale virus (ACMV): A threat to food
security in Africa
G. W. Dtim-Nape 519
Genetic engineering approaches to mineral nutrition
R. C. Gardner, C. W. B. McDiarmid and R. L. Bíeliski 531
Effect of flooding on casseva performance
S. L. Tan 539
A review of produetion agronomy and eyanogenesis
/. J. Ekanayake and M. Bokanga 548
Special report
Casseva safety: Lessons from an interdisciplinary workshop
M. Bokangs, A. J. A. Essers, N. Poulter, H. RosIing snd O. Tewe 564
Asia Overvlew 579
Asian cassava market dynamies: Opportunities for biotechnology
G. Henry, B. Titapiwatanakun, T. Bottema and D. S. Damardjati 581
Detoxification o, cassava cyanogens during processing:
An overview of researeh aOO eommercial practices in Asia
G. Padmaja, M. Georg. end C. Balagopslen 609
viii
Page
Cal88va Procalllng. 0uaIIty and New Productl 623
Cassave Itarch. atructure. properties and implications far
contemparary procesalng
J. M. V. Blanshard 625
Cloning and characterlzation of cessava genas ínvolved in starch
biosynthesia
T. R. l. Munylkwa, B. Chlpangura. S. N. l. M. Sa/ehuzzaman,
E. Jacobsen and R. F. G. ViS8er 639
Recent developmentl in casaeva utilization in Thailand
K. Sriroth 646
Cal88va fermentation: Cassava sour starch in Latín America
N. Zakhla, G. Chuze/, C. Brabet and D. Dufour 651
Enriching cassava protein, using solid state fermentatíon
C. B. Pham, M. R. L. Y. Lat, T. J. Ramlrez, M. J. Quln/at and
L. J. Pham 672
Biotechnology for the value addition of waste waters and residues
from cal88va proce8ling industries
C. Balagopalan, R. C. Ray, J. T. Sherlff snd L. Rajalekshmy 690
Microarganisms involved in growo/lsubmerged fermented cassaval
production
S. Widowati and D. S. Damardjati 702
Characterization of cassava root proteina
A. E. E. Clowes, A. S. Tatham, J. R. Beeching and P. R. Shewry
Physiological deterioration in cassava: An incomplete wound response?
J. R. Beeching, A. D. Dodge, K. G. Moare and J. E. Wenháll(
Using Aspergillus niger to process raw cassava far animal husbandry
N. L. Dung, N. T. Hoa and N. T. Mul 737
Cassava root proteina: Isolation end characterization of the
major albumins from the peel and cellulosic parenchyma
Z. G. Q. Mac/e/, A. M. Sousa, J. E. A. Sousa snd F. A. P. Campos 743
The effect of processing paremeters on gari qua lity
G. B. Oguntimein, J. O. Akingbala, M. K. Bolade snd A. B. AbaS8 753
ix