IS 8062-2: Code of Practice for Cathodic Protection of Steel Structures, Part II: Underground Pipelines

2006·15.9 MB·English

by  Bureau of Indian Standards

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IS 8062-2 (2006): Code of Practice for Cathodic Protection
of Steel Structures, Part II: Underground Pipelines [MTD
24: Corrosion Protection]
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“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”

IS 8062 : 2006

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Indian Standard
CATHODIC PROTECTION OF BURIED PIPELINE/
STRUCTURE FOR TRANSPORTATION OF NATURAL
GAS, OIL AND LIQUIDS - CODE OF PRACTICE
( First Revision)
ICS 25.220.40;75.200
c
BIS 2006
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI I10002

April 2006 PriceGroup9
Corrosion Protection and FinishesSectional Committee, MTD24
FOREWORD
ThisIndianStandard(FirstRevision)wasadoptedbytheBureau ofIndianStandards,afterthedraftfinalizedby
theCorrosion Protection andFinishesSectionalCommittee hadbeenapproved bythe MetallurgicalEngineering
Division Council.
This standard was firstpublished in 1976.Thisstandard has been prepared to serve asaguide forestablishing
minimum requirements forthecontrol ofexternal corrosion and undergroundpipeline/structure.
Inthisrevision,following modifications havebeenmade:
a) Requirementofthe following IndianStandards have beenmerged:
I) IS8062(Part I) : 1976 Codeofpractice forcathodic protectionofsteel structures: Part I General
principles
2) .IS8062 (Part 2): 1976 Code of practice for cathodic protection ofsteel structures: Part 2
Undergroundpipeline
b) Scope ofthe standard has been modified by including cathodic protection for pipeline/structure for
transportationofnaturalgas,oilandliquidskeeping inviewthepresentpractices beingfollowed inthe
country inlayingofburied pipeline/structure;
c) New definitions have been included intheterminologyclause;and
d) Cathodic protection designsurveysandsurveys during operation andmaintenancehavebeenincluded.
Intheformulation ofthisstandard,assistance hasbeenderived fromthe following:
ISO15589- Part I :2003 Petroleumandnaturalgasindustries- Cathodicprotectionofpipeline/structure
transportation systems - Part I : On-land pipeline/structure, issued bythe
International Organization for Standardization(ISO)
ASTM G97 : 1997 Standardtestmethodforlaboratoryevaluationofmagnesiumsacrificial anode
testspecimens forundergroundapplications, issuedbytheAmerican Society
forTesting andMaterials
NACE RP0169 :2002 Control ofexternal corrosion on underground or submerged metallic piping
systems, issuedbytheNational Association ofCorrosion Engineers (NACE),
USA
ThecompositionoftheCommittee responsible forthe formulation ofthis standardisgiven inAnnex A.
Forthe purpose ofdeciding whether particular requirement ofthis standard is complied with, the fmal value,
observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance
with IS2 : 1960'Rulesforrounding offnumerical values (revised)'. The numberofsignificant places retained
intherounded offvalueshould be thesameasthat ofthe specified valve inthis standard.
Corrosion Protection and Finishes SectionalCommittee,MTD 24
FOREWORD
This Indian Standard(First Revision) wasadopted bytheBureauofIndianStandards,afterthedraft finalized by
theCorrosionProtection andFinishes Sectional Committeehadbeen approvedbytheMetallurgicalEngineering
Division Council.
This standard was first published in 1976.This standard has been preparedto serve asa guide for establishing
minimum requirements forthe control ofexternal corrosion and undergroundpipeline/structure.
Inthis revision,following modifications have been made:
a) Requirementofthe following Indian Standardshave been merged:
I) IS8062 (Part I) : 1976 Code ofpracticeforcathodicprotection ofsteel structures: Part 1General
principles
2) IS 8062 (Part 2): 1976 Code of practice for cathodic protection ofsteel structures: Part 2
Undergroundpipeline
b) Scope ofthe standard has been modified by including cathodic protection for pipeline/structure for
transportationofnaturalgas,oilandliquids keepinginviewthe presentpracticesbeing followed inthe
country inlayingofburied pipeline/structure;
c) New definitions have been included intheterminologyclause; and
d) Cathodicprotectiondesign surveys andsurveysduringoperationand maintenancehave been included.
Inthe formulation ofthisstandard,assistancehasbeen derived from the following:
ISO 15589- Part 1:2003 Petroleumandnaturalgasindustries-Cathodicprotection ofpipeline/structure
transportation systems - Part I : On-land pipeline/structure, issued by the
InternationalOrganization for Standardization(ISO)
ASTM G 97 : 1997 Standard testmethod forlaboratoryevaluationofmagnesiumsacrificialanode
test specimens forundergroundapplications, issued bythe AmericanSociety
forTesting andMaterials
NACE RP0169: 2002 Control ofexternal corrosion on underground or submerged metallic piping
systems,issuedbytheNational AssociationofCorrosionEngineers(NACE),
USA
The compositionofthe Committeeresponsibleforthe formulation ofthis standard isgiven inAnnex A.
For the purpose ofdeciding whether particularrequirement ofthis standard is compliedwith, the final value,
observed or calculated, expressing the result ofa test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance
with IS2 : 1960'Rulesforroundingoffnumerical values (revised)'. The numberofsignificantplaces retained
intheroundedoffvalueshouldbethesame asthat ofthe specifiedvalve inthis standard.
AMENDMENT NO. 1 AUGUST 2006
TO
IS 8062: 2006 CATHODIC PROTECTION OF
BURIED PIPELINE/STRUCTURE FOR
TRANSPORTATION OF NATURAL GAS, OIL AND
LIQUIDS - CODE OF PRACTICE
(TintRevision)
General - Substitute 'IS 8062 (Part 2) : 2006' for 'IS 8062 : 2006'
whereveritappearsinthestandard
( First cover and page 1, Title ) - Substitute the following for the
existing:
'CODE OF PRACTICE FOR CAmODIC PROTECTION
OF STEEL STRUCTURE
PART2 BURRIED PlPEUNElSTRUCTURES FOR
TRANSPORTATION OF NATURALGAS, OILAND LIQUIDS
(FlntRevisioII)'
[ Second cover page, Foreword, para 3(a) ] - Substitute the following
forthe existingmatter:
"a) Some oftherequirementsof'IS ao62 (Part 1): 1976 Codeofpractice
for cathodicprotectionof steel structure : Part 1General principles'
havebeen incorporatedintbisrevision". .
(Sea:Jntlcoverpage, Foreword,ptI1YJ 3) - Addthe following new pmlaDa'
'(d)':
'ThisstandaIdhasbeenissuedin four parts. Theotherpartsare:
IS 8062 (Part 1) : 1976 Code of pl3dice .for cathodic protection of steel
sttucturcs :Part1Generalprinciples
,
IS 8062 (Part 3) : 1977 Code of practice for cathodic protection of steel
structures:Part3 Ship'shull
IS 8062 (Part 4) : 1979 Code of pr3ctice for cathodic proteetionof steel
structures :Part4Galvanicprotectionofdockgates, caissons,piersandjetties.'
(M1D24)
ReprosraphyUnit.BIS,NewDelhi, Iftdia
'"
IS8062:2006
Indian Standard
CATHODIC PROTECTION OF BURIED PIPELINE/
STRUCTURE FOR TRANSPORTATION OF NATURAL
GAS, OIL AND LIQUIDS - CODE OF PRACTICE
( First Revision)
I SCOPE 3 TERMINOLOGY
This standard deals with the general principles and For the purpose ofthis Code the definitions given
requirements of cathodic protection system for belowshallapply.
prevention against corrosion ofexternalunderground
3.1 Anode - The electrode ofan electrochemical
buried surfaceofmetallic highpressure hydrocarbon
corrosioncellatwhichoxidationoccurs.Electronsflow
product pipeline/structure.
away fromtheanode intheexternal circuit, which is
This standard is intended to serve as a guide for normallymetallic.Corrosionusuallyoccursandmetal
establishing minimum requirements for control of ionsentertheelectrolyteatthe anode.
external corrosion on pipeline/structure system.
3.2 Anodic Area - That part ofmetallic surface
Corrosion control by a coating supplemented with
thatactsastheanodeofanelectrochemicalcorrosion
cathodic protectionshould beprovided inthedesign
cell.
andmaintained duringservicelifeofpipeline/structure
system. Consideration should be given to the 3.3 Anodic Polarization - The change of the
construction of pipeline/structure in a manner that electrode potential in the noble (positive) direction
facilitatesthe useofin-line inspectiontools. resultingfromtheflowofcurrentbetweentheelectrode
andelectrolyte.
2 REFERENCES
3.4 Backfill-Thematerialwhich fillsupthespace
The following standards contain provisions which between a buried anode and the surrounding soil. It
through reference in this text,constitute provisionof shouldhavelowresistivity,moistureretainingcapacity
thisstandard.Atthe time ofpublication,theeditions and be capable of increasing the effective area of
indicated were valid. All standards are subject to contactbetweentheanode andtheenvironment.
revision, and parties to agreements based on this
3.5 Bond- Ametalpiecehavingverylittleelectrical
standard are encouragedto investigatethepossibility
resistance for connecting two points on the same or
ofapplying the most recent editions ofthestandards
differentpipeline/structure.
indicated below:
3.6 Cable- One conductor ormultiple conductors
Standard Title insulatedfromoneanother.
ASTMG97 : Standard testmethodforlaboratory
3.7 Cathode- The electrode ofanelectrochemical
1997 evaluationofmagnesiumsacrificial
corrosion cellatwhichreduction occurs.
anodetestspecimensforunderground
applications 3.8 Cathodic Area - Area on which the cathodic
IS \0221 : 1982 Code of practice for coating and (protection) current ispicked upfromanelectrolyte.
wrapping ofundergroundmildsteel 3.9 Cathodic Disbondment - The destruction of
pipeline/structure adhesion between a coating and the coated surface
IS15569 Petroleumandnaturalgasindustries caused byproducts ofacathodic reaction.
_ External coatings for buried or
3.10 Cathodic Polarization - The change of
submergedpipelinesusedinpipeline
electrode potential in the electronegative direction
transportation of gas and liquid
resulting from the flow of current between the
hydrocarbons:
electrolyteand electrode.
(Part I) :2006 Polyolefin coatings (3-layer peand
3-layer pp) 3.11 CathodicProtection- Amethodofprotecting
(Part2) :2006 Fusion bondedepoxycoatings ametallicpipeline/structurefromcorrosionbymaking
IS8062 :2006
a
it cathode so that direct current flows on to the 3.27 CurrentDensity- The currentperunit areaof
pipeline/structure from the surrounding electrolytic anelectrode surface.
environment.
3.28 DirectCurrent(d.c.) DecouplingDevice- A
3.12 Cell - An electrolytic system consisting of device used inelectric circuitswhich allowsthe flow
anode and cathode in electric contact with an of a.c. in both directions and stops or substantially
interveningelectrolyte. reduces the flowofdirect current. The conduction of
current takes place when predetermined threshold
3.13 Closed Hole Deep Ground Bed - An
voltage levelsare exceeded.
installation in which the anodes are surrounded by
backfill. 3.29 Deep Ground Bed - One or more anodes
instaIled a minimum of 15 m below earth's surface
3.14 Coating- Corrosion protectivecoatingconsist
for supplying cathodic protection current to an
ofvarious components/layers ofadielectric material
underground/submerged pipeline/structure through
and isapplied toapipeline/structure toisolateitfrom
soil/water.
its immediate environmentand to provide uniformly
high electrical resistance to flow ofcurrent between 3.30 Differential Aeration - Unequal access of
pipeline/structureandsurroundingelectrolyte. oxygen/air to various parts ofa pipeline/structure
resultinginlocalcellactionandaconsequentcorrosion
3.15 CoatingDisbondment- The lossofadhesion
ofthe lessaerated parts.
between acoating andthe pipesurface.
3.31 Diode - A bipolar semi-conducting device
3.16 CoatingSystem - Acoatingconsistsofvarious
having a low resistance in one direction and a high
components which provide effective electrical
resistance intheother.
insulation ofthe coated pipeline/structure from its
immediate environment. 3.32 Drainage- Draining ofelectricCurrentfroma
cathodicallyprotected/affectedpipeline/structureback
3.17 Conductor- A material suitable for carrying
toitssourcethrough anexternalconductor.
anelectric current.It may bebareor insulated.
3.33 DrainageBond- Abond toeffectdrainageof
3.18 Continuity Bond - An intentional metallic
current.
connectionthatprovides electrical continuity.
3.19 Corrosion - The degradation ofa material, 3.34 DrainageTest- Atest inwhich directcurrent
usually a metal or itsproperties,that results from an isapplied usually with temporary anodes and power
electrochemicalreaction withitsenvironment. sources to assess the magnitude ofcurrent needed to
achievepermanentprotection against electrochemical
3.20 Corrosion Potential-The mixedpotential of
corrosion
afreelycorrodingpipe/pipeline/structuresurfacewith
referencetoanelectrode incontactwiththeelectrolyte 3.35 DrivingVoltage- Drivingvoltageistheopen
surroundingthe pipe/pipeline/structure. circuit potential difference between a pipeline/
structureto beprotected(a cathode)and the system
3.21 Corrosion Products - Chemical compound
ofanodes which protects it. This voltage does not
produced bythereaction ofacorrodingmetalwithits
include the voltage drop in the soil or in the
environment.
connectingloadand isthe total voltageavailablefor
3.22 Corrosion Rate- Therateatwhichcorrosion establishingaprotectivecircuit. Thedrivingvoltage
proceeds. (ItisusuaIlyexpressed aseitherweightloss ingalvanic cells isfixed while that in an impressed
orpenetrationper unittime). currentsystem isvariable.
3.23 Coupling - The association oftwo or more
3.36 Earth
circuits or systems insuch away that electricenergy
maybetransferredfrom onetoanother. a) The conducting mass of earth or of any
conductorindirect connection therewith;
3.24 Coupon - Representative metal sample of
known surface area used to quantify the effect of b) A connection, whether intentional or
corrosion ortheeffectivenessofcathodic protection. unintentional, between a conductor and the
earth;and
3.25 Criterion - Standard for assessment ofthe
c) To connect any conductor with the general
effectivenessofacathodic protection system.
massofearth.
3.26 Crossing Point- Apoint where two or more
3.37 Electrical Isolation - The condition ofbeing
buried or immersed pipeline/structure cross in a
electrically separated from other metallic pipeline/
plan.
structureortheenvironment.
2
IS8062 :2006
3.38 Electrical Survey - Any technique that onapipeline/structure from anexternal power source
involvescoordinatedelectricalmeasurementstakento forprovidingcathodic protection10 it.
provide a basis fordeduction concerning a particular
3.51 Impressed Current Anode - An anode that
electrochemical condition relating to corrosion or
providescurrent for cathodic protection bymeans of
corrosion control.
impressed current.
3.39 Electrode- Aconductorofthe metallic class
3.52 ImpressedCurrentCathodicProtection- A
(includingcarbon)which carriescurrentintooroutof
system in which current for cathodic protection is
anelectrolyte.
provided byanexternalsourceofd.c. power.
3.40 Electrolyte- Achemicalsubstancecontaining
3.53 Impressed Current Station - A station
ionsthat migrate inan electric field.
containing d.c. power equipment, anode ground bed
3.41 Foreign Pipeline/Structure - Any pipeline/ and other items to provide cathodic protection by
structurethat isnot intendedtobeapartofthesystem means ofimpressedcurrent.
ofinterest.
3.54 In-LineInspection- The inspectionofasteel
3.42 Galvanic Anode- The electrodeinagalvanic pipeline/structure using an electronic instrument or
couple formed bytwo dissimilarmetals (asappliedto tool that travels along the interior ofthe pipeline/
cathodic protection) in which the galvanic current is structure.
flowing from this electrode into the electrolyte. The
3.55 Instant orr Potential - Pipeline/structure to
galvanic anodes corrode and are designated as
electrolyte potential measured immediately after
sacrificial anodes.
interruption of all sources of applied cathodic
3.43 Galvanic Anode Cathodic Protection - A protectioncurrent.
system in which current for cathodic protection ofa
3.56 Instant on Potential - Pipeline/structure to
pipeline/structure is supplied by galvanic anodes. As
electrolyte potential measured immediately after
galvanic anodes get consumed in the system is also
switchingonallsources ofappliedcathodicprotection
designated as Sacrificial Anode Cathodic Protection
current.
System.
3.57 Insulating Flanges - Flanges which permit
3.44 Galvanic Cell - A cell consisting of two
mechanical continuity but break the electrical
dissimilar metals in contact with each other in a
continuity.
commonelectrolyte.
3.58 Interference - Interference is effect ofstray
3.45 GalvanicCurrent- Acurrentpassinginto or
currentonelectricparametersincludingpotentialofa
out ofa pipeline/structure due to a galvanic couple
pipeline/structure.
beingestablishedinwhich thepipeline/structureforms
one of the electrodes. By using less noble metal 3.59 Interference Bond - An intentional metallic
artificial galvaniccouples are formed insuch a way, connection designed to control the electrical current
that the galvanic current protects a desired pipeline/ flowing between metallicsystems.
structure.
3.60 IRDrop- Voltage difference caused between
3.46 Galvanic Series- A list ofmetals and alloys twopointsofsoil/waterelectrolyteduetoflowofcurrent
arranged according to their corrosion potentials in a
3.61 Isolating Joint - Electrically insulating
given environment.
component such as monoblock insulating joint,
3.47 GroundBed- Asystemofburiedorsubmerged insulating flange, isolating coupling, etc, inserted
galvanic or impressed current anodes for supplying between two lengths ofpipeline/structure to prevent
cathodic protection current to'a pipeline/structure electrical continuitybetween them.
throughelectrolyte.
3.62 Line Current- The directcurrentflowing on
3.48 Grounding Cell - A d.c. decoupling device apipeline/structure.
containing two or more electrodes, commonly made
3.63 Long-Line Corrosion Activity - Current
ofzinc, installed at a fixed spacing and resistively
flowing through the earth between an anodic and a
coupledthrough aprepared backfill mixture.
cathodic area that returns along an underground
3.49 Holiday - A defect, including pinholes in an metallic pipeline/structure.
otherwiseuniform protectivecoatingthatexposesthe
3.64 Mixed Potential- A potential resulting from
metal tothe surroundingearth.
two or more electrochemical reactions occurring

3.50 ImpressedCurrent- Adirectcurrentimpressed simultaneouslyonametal surface.
3