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IS 6489-3: Textiles -- Tear Properties of Fabrics, Part 3: Determination of Tear Force of Wing-Shaped Test Specimens(Single Tear Method) PDF

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Preview IS 6489-3: Textiles -- Tear Properties of Fabrics, Part 3: Determination of Tear Force of Wing-Shaped Test Specimens(Single Tear Method)

इंटरनेट मानक Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority, and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public. “जान1 का अ+धकार, जी1 का अ+धकार” “प0रा1 को छोड न’ 5 तरफ” Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan Jawaharlal Nehru “The Right to Information, The Right to Live” “Step Out From the Old to the New” IS 6489-3 (2011): Textiles -- Tear Properties of Fabrics, Part 3: Determination of Tear Force of Wing-Shaped Test Specimens(Single Tear Method) [TXD 1: Physical Methods of Tests] “!ान $ एक न’ भारत का +नम-ण” Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda ““IInnvveenntt aa NNeeww IInnddiiaa UUssiinngg KKnnoowwlleeddggee”” “!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता हहहहै””ै” Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam “Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen” IS 6489 (Part 3) : 2011 ISO 13937-3 : 2000 Hkkjrh; ekud oL=kkfn oL=kksa osQ fonj.k osQ xq.k — Hkkx 3 ia[k osQ vkdkj osQ uewuksa dk fonj.k cy Kkr djuk (, d y f o n j . k i ¼ fr } kj k) (nwljk iqujh{k.k) Indian Standard TEXTILES — TEAR PROPERTIES OF FABRICS PART 3 DETERMINATION OF TEAR FORCE OF WING-SHAPED TEST SPECIMENS (SINGLE TEAR METHOD) ( Second Revision ) ICS 59.080.30 © BIS 2011 B U R E A U O F I N D I A N S T A N D A R D S MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG NEW DELHI 110002 December 2011 Price Group 6 Physical Methods of Test Sectional Committee, TXD 01 NATIONAL FOREWORD This Indian Standard (Part 3) (Second Revision) which is identical with ISO 13937-3: 2000 ‘Textiles — Tear properties of fabrics — Part 3: Determination of tear force of wing-shaped test specimens (Single tear method)’ issued by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards on the recommendation of the Physical Methods of Test Sectional Committee and approval of the Textile Division Council. This standard was first published in 1971 and subsequently revised in 1993. This standard has been revised again to align it with the latest version of ISO 13937-3 : 2000 by adoption under dual numbering system. Since ISO 13937 has been published in four parts, this standard has also been published in four parts. Other parts in this series are: Part 1 Determination of tear force using ballistic pendulum method (Elmendorf) Part 2 Determination of tear force of trouser-shaped test specimens (Single tear method) Part 4 Determination of tear force of tongue-shaped test specimens (Double tear test) The conditioning temperature of 20 ± 2°C as specified in International Standards is not suitable for tropical countries like India where the atmospheric temperature is normally much higher than 20°C. It is almost impossible to maintain this temperature specially during summer when the atmospheric temperature rises even up to 50°C. In view of the above, IS 6359 : 1971 ‘Method for conditioning of textiles’ which specifies a temperature of 27 ± 2°C for conditioning of the test specimens for the tropical countries like India shall be referred. The text of ISO Standard has been approved as suitable for publication as an Indian Standard with the above deviations. Certain conventions are, however, not identical to those used in Indian Standards. Attention is particularly drawn to the following: a) Wherever the words ‘International Standard’ appear referring to this standard, they should be read as ‘Indian Standard’. b) Comma (,) has been used as a decimal marker while in Indian Standards, the current practice is to use a point (.) as the decimal marker. In this adopted standard, reference appears to certain International Standards for which Indian Standards also exist. The corresponding Indian Standards which are to be substituted in their respective places are listed below along with their degree of equivalence for the editions indicated: International Standard Corresponding Indian Standard Degree of Equivalence ISO 139 : 2005 Textiles — Standard IS 6359 : 1971 Method for Technically Equivalent atmospheres for conditioning and conditioning of textiles testing ISO 10012 : 2003 Measurement IS/ISO 10012 : 2003 Measurement Identical management systems — management systems — Requirements for measurement Requirements for measurement processes and measuring equipment processes and measuring equipment (Continued on third cover) IS 6489 (Part 3) : 2011 ISO 13937-3 : 2000 Indian Standard TEXTILES — TEAR PROPERTIES OF FABRICS PART 3 DETERMINATION OF TEAR FORCE OF WING-SHAPED TEST SPECIMENS (SINGLE TEAR METHOD) ( Second Revision ) 1 Scope ThisPartofENISO13937describesasingletearmethodtodeterminefabrictearforce,knownasthewing testusingatestspecimencuttoformtwowingsforclampinginclinedatadefinedangletothethread direction.Thetearforcemeasuredistheforcerequiredtopropagateapreviouslystartedtear. Thetestismainlyapplicabletowoventextilefabrics.Itmaybeapplicabletofabricsproducedbyother techniques.Duetotheclampingofthespecimenwingsinclinedtothethreadstobetornthetestcanbe usedformosttypesoffabricswithoutcausingatransferoftearanditislesssusceptibletowithdrawalof threadsthanotherteartests. Ingeneralthemethodisnotapplicabletoknittedfabrics,wovenelasticfabricsandnonwovens,towhich thetrapezoidaltestmethodispreferablyapplied(Note2). Themethodonlyallowstheuseofconstant-rate-of-extension(CRE)testingmachines. NOTE1:Forotherteartestmethodsusingtensile-testingmachinespart2ofENISO13937describesa methodknownasthetrousertestandpart4thetonguetestmethod.Part1ofENISO13937describesthe ballisticpendulum(Elmendorf)method. NOTE2:Fortrapezoidaltestmethods,seeISO9073-4fornonwovensorISO4674forcoatedfabrics. 2 Normativereferences Thefollowingnormativedocumentscontainprovisionswhich,throughreferenceinthistext,constitute provisionsofthisInternationalStandard.Fordatedreferences,subsequentamendmentsto,orrevisionsof, anyofthesepublicationsdonotapply.However,partiestoagreementsbasedonthisInternational Standardareencouragedtoinvestigatethepossibilityofapplyingthemostrecenteditionsofthenormative documentsindicatedbelow.Forundatedreferences,thelatesteditionofthenormativedocumentreferred toapplies.MembersofISOandIECmaintainregistersofcurrentlyvalidInternationalStandards. ISO139 Textiles-Standardatmospheresforconditioningandtesting ISO7500-1 Metallicmaterials-Verificationofstaticuniaxialtestingmachines-Part1-Tensiletesting machines ISO10012-1 Qualityassurancerequirementsformeasuringequipment-Part1: Metrologicalconfirmationsystemformeasuringequipment 3 Terms and definitions ForthepurposesofthispartofENISO13937thefollowingtermsanddefinitionsapply: 3.1constant-rate-of-extension(CRE)testingmachine:Tensile-testingmachinewhereoneclampis stationarywhilsttheotherismovingwithaconstantspeedthroughoutthetestandwheretheentiretesting systemisvirtuallyfreefromdeflection. 3.2gaugelength:Distancebetweenthetwoeffectiveclampingpointsofatestingdevice. NOTE:Theeffectiveclampingpoints(orlines)ofjawscanbecheckedbyclampingatestspecimenunder definedpretensionwithcarboncopypapertoprod uceagrippingpatternonthespecimenand/orjawfaces. 1 IS 6489 (Part 3) : 2011 ISO 13937-3 : 2000 3.3tearforce:Forcerequiredtopropagateatearinitiatedunderthespecifiedconditions. NOTE:Thetearforceisqualifiedas"acrosswarp"or"acrossweft"accordingtowhetherthetearismade acrossthewarp(warpthreadsaretorn)orweftthreads(weftthreadsaretorn)respectively. 3.4peak:Pointonaforce/extensioncurvewherethegradient,relativetotheforcevaluesrecorded, changesfrompositivetonegative. NOTE:Fortearrecordingsthepeaktobeusedforcalculationisdefinedbyrisingandfallingofforceofat least10%ofthelastdecreasingorincreasingforcevaluerespectively.. 3.5lengthoftear:Measureddistancepropagatedbyatearingforcefromtheinitiationoftheforceuntilits termination. 3.6wing-shapedtestspecimen:Stripoftestfabric,cutononeendtoformatrianglewithaspecified slope,andcutinthecentretoformtwowingswhichareclampedparalleltotheslopeofthestrip(see figures1and2). 4 Principle Aspecificallyshapedtestspecimencuttoformtwowingsononesideismechanicallystressedsothatthe stressisconcentratedatacutinsuchawayastocausetearinginthedesireddirection.Thewingsofthe specimenareclampedinclinedtothedirectionofthethreadstobetorn.Theforcetocontinuethetearover aspecifiedlengthoftearisrecorded.Thetearforceiscalculatedfromforcepeaksoftheautographictrace, oron-linebyelectronicmeans. 5 Sampling Selectsampleseitherinaccordancewiththeprocedurelaiddowninthematerialspecificationforthefabric, orasagreedbetweentheinterestedparties. Intheabsenceofanappropriatematerialspecificationanexampleofasuitablesamplingprocedureis giveninannexA. AnexampleofapatternforcuttingtestspecimensfromthelaboratorysampleisgiveninannexB.Avoid testareaswithfoldedorcreasedplaces,selvedgesandareasnotrepresentativeofthefabric. 6 Apparatus 6.1General ThesystemformetrologicalconfirmationofthetensiletestingmachineshallbeinaccordancewithISO 10012-1. 6.2CREmachine,havingthefollowingcharacteristics: a)Capableofoperatingataconstant-rate-of-extensionof(100±10)mm/min; b)capableofgaugelengthtobesetto(100±1)mm; c)providedwithmeansforrecordingtheforceappliedtothetestspecimenduringtheteartest. d)underconditionsofuse,theaccuracyoftheapparatusshallbeclass1ofISO7500-1.Theerrorofthe indicatedorrecordedmaximumforceatanypointintherangeinwhichthemachineisusedshallnot exceed±1%,andtheerroroftheindicatedorrecorded jawseparationshallnotexceed±1mm. 2 IS 6489 (Part 3) : 2011 ISO 13937-3 : 2000 e)ifrecordingofforceandextensionisobtainedbymeansofdataacquisitionboardsandsoftware,the frequencyofdatacollectionshallbeatleast8persecond. Ifaclass2tensiletestingmachinehastobeused,thisshallbestatedinthetestreport. 6.3Clampingdevice,comprisingthetwojawsofthemachine,thecentralpointsofwhichareintheline ofpull,thefrontedgesatrightanglestothelineofpullandtheclampingfacesinthesameplane. Thejawsshallbefixedtopreventsidewaysmovementduringthetearingoperationandshallbecapableof holdingthetestspecimenwithoutallowingittoslip,designedsothattheydonotcutorotherwiseweaken thetestspecimen. Thewidthofthejawsshallpreferablybe100mm,butshallnotbelessthan75mm. 6.4Equipmentforcuttingouttestspecimens,preferablyahollowpunchortemplatetogivetest specimensofthedimensionsshowninfigure1. 7 Atmosphereforconditioningand testing Theatmospheresforpreconditioning,conditioningandtestingshallbeasspecifiedinISO139. 8 Preparation of test specimens 8.1 General Fromeachlaboratorysampletwosetsoftestspecimensshallbecut,onesetinthewarpdirectionandthe otherintheweftdirection. Forotherthanwovenfabricsusetherelevantdesignationfordirection,e.g.lengthandtransverse. Eachsetshallconsistofatleastfivetestspecimens,ormoreifagreed.Inaccordancewithclause5and annexB,notwotestspecimensshallcontainthesamelongitudinalortransversethreads,andnospecimen shallbecutwithin150mmoftheedgeofthefabric. 8.2 Dimensions Cutoutthetestspecimensinaccordancewiththeshapeanddimensionsshowninfigure1andmarkthe linesabandcdoneachtestspecimen.Marktheendoftear(25±1)mmfromtheuncutendinthecentre ofthestriptoindicatethepositionofthetearatthecompletionofthetest. 3 IS 6489 (Part 3) : 2011 ISO 13937-3 : 2000 Dimensionsinmm 1Markforendoftearlength 2Mark 3Cut Figure 1 - Wing-shaped test specimen 8.3 Cuttingoutoftestspecimens Forwovenfabricseachtestspecimenshallbecutwithitslengthparalleltothewarportheweftofthe fabric.Fortestspecimenswherethelengthisparalleltothewarp,thedirectionofthetearisqualifiedas "acrossweft"andfortestspecimenswherethelongersideofthetestspecimenisparalleltothedirectionof theweft,thetearisqualified"acrosswarp"(see3.3andannexB). 9 Procedure 9.1 Gaugelength Setthegaugelengthofthetensile-testingmachineto100mm. 9.2 Rateofextension Settherateofextensionofthetensile-testingmachineto100mm/min. 9.3 Mountingoftestspecimens Clampthetestspecimencentrallyinthejawswiththe55ºlinesabandcdjustvisible,placedalongthe proximateedgesofthejawswitheachwingpresentingthesamesurfaceofthefabrictotheoperator(see figure2).Avoidpretensionwhenthetestisstarted. 4 IS 6489 (Part 3) : 2011 ISO 13937-3 : 2000 Dimensionsinmillimetres 1Testspecimen 2Jaw 3Gaugelength100mm 4Pointoftear NOTE:Adjustmarklinesabandcdalongcentraledgesofjaws. Figure2-Clampingarrangement 9.4 Operation Engageanydeviceforrecordingofthetearforce.Putthemovingclampinmotionat100mm/minand continuetheteartothepointmarkedneartheendofthestrip. Recordthetearforceinnewtons,andifateartraceiswantedrecordtheaccompanyingjawseparation(for recordingofthetearlength)foreachofthetestspecimensineachfabricdirection,usingrecordingor electronicdevices(6.2). Iftheevaluationofthepeaksderivedfromdensefabricswithlargenumbersofthreadspercmaretobe takenfromthechartrecordingmanually(see10.1),thespeedofthechartpaperhastobesetto2:1in relationtotherateofextension. Observewhetherthetearproceedsrectangulartothedirectionofforceandwhetheranythreadsslipout fromthefabricratherthanbeingtorn.Thetestiscorrectifthereisa)noslippageofthreadsoutofthe fabric,b)noslippageinthejaws,c)theteariscompletedandproceededrectangulartothedirectionof applicationoftheforce.Otherresultsshallbediscarded. Iftheresultsfromthreeormoreoutofthefivetestspecimenshavetoberejected,themethodis unsuitable. Ifagreedtestadditionaltestspecimens,preferablydoublingthenumberoftestspecimens.Insuchcases, thereportingoftheresultsshallalsobeagreed. 5

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