IS 4873-1: Methods of laboratory testing of wood preservatives against fungi and borers (powder post beetles) : Part 1 Determination of threshold values of wood preservatives against fungi

2008·4 MB·English

by  Bureau of Indian Standards

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“The Right to Information, The Right to Live” “Step Out From the Old to the New”
IS 4873-1 (2008): Methods of laboratory testing of wood
preservatives against fungi and borers (powder post
beetles) : Part 1 Determination of threshold values of wood
preservatives against fungi [CED 9: Timber and Timber
Stores]
“!ान $ एक न’ भारत का +नम-ण”
Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
““IInnvveenntt aa NNeeww IInnddiiaa UUssiinngg KKnnoowwlleeddggee””
“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता हहहहै””ै”
Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam
“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”

IS 4873 (Part 1) : 2008
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Indian Standard
METHODS OF LABORATORY TESTING OF
WOOD PRESERVATIVES AGAINST FUNGI AND
BORERS (POWDER POST BEETLES)
PART 1 DETERMINATION OF THRESHOLD VALUES OF
WOOD PRESERVATIVES AGAINST FUNGI
( Second Revision)
ICS 71.100.50
c
SIS2008
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK SHAVAN. 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELH I 110002
June 2008 Price Group 3
Timber and Timber Stores Sectional Committee,CED 9
FOREWORD
This Indian Standard (Part I) (Second Revision)wasadopted bytheBureauofIndian Standards,after the draft
finalized by the Timber and Timber Stores Sectional Committee had been approved by the Civil Engineering
Division Council.
Thestandard wasfirstpublishedin1968andcoveredthemethodsforthelaboratorytestingofwoodpreservatives
against fungi. Details ofpreservatives, methods ofpreservative treatment oftimber, etc, have been covered in
IS401 :2001 'Preservation oftimber - Codeofpractice (fourth revision)'. Basedontheexperience gained in
the use ofthe standard, the first revision ofthe standard was brought out in 1993, additionally incorporating
Gloeophyllum trabeum (Pers.ex. Fries) Murr.as atest fungiforpreparation oftest culture.
In its present revision, the standard has been brought out in two parts in view ofrequests for incorporation of
method oflaboratory testing ofwood preservatives against borers (powder post beetles). The other part ofthe
standard is:
IS4873 (Part 2) :2008 Part 2 Determination ofthreshold values ofwood preservatives against borers
(powderpostbeetles)
The composition ofthe Committee responsible forthe formulation ofthisstandard isgiven inAnnex A.
For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement ofthis standard is complied with, the final
value,observed orcalculated, expressingtheresultofatestoranalysis,shall berounded offinaccordance with
IS2 : 1960'Rulesforrounding offnumericalvalues(revised)'. Thenumberofsignificantplacesretained inthe
rounded offvalue should be thesame asthatofthespecified value inthisstandard.
IS 4873(Part1):2008
Indian Standard
METHODS OF LABORATORY TESTING OF
WOOD PRESERVATIVES AGAINST FUNGI AND
BORERS (POWDER POST BEETLES)
PART 1 DETERMINATION OF THRESHOLD VALUES OF
WOOD PRESERVATIVES AGAINST FUNGI
( Second Revision)
1 SCOPE 2.3 Leaching Procedure
This standard (Part I) lays down the method for Theblocksshallbekeptinbeakersandweigheddown
the laboratory determinatio of threshold value of with glass weights. Distilled water about 9 times
wood preservatives against fungi by means of soil the volume ofthe blocks shall be poured into the
block and Kolle flask methods. beakers. Theblocksshallberemovedfromthebeakers
after aperiod of2 h.
2 SOIL BLOCK METHOD
2.4TreatmentProcedure
2.1 Principle
The blocks, kept in a beaker under a weight to
Blocks of wood are impregnated with different prevent floating, shall be placed in a'desiccator
concentration of preservatives, and after selected connected to a manometer and a suction pump. A
periodofweathering,theyareexposed totheactionof partial vacuum (60 mm mercury) shall be created in
one or more wood destroying fungi. The minimum the desiccator for 30 min. The treating solution
amount of preservative that completely protects the prepared just prior to itsuse shall be poured into the
impregnated blocks against decay by a given test globe of the separating funnel with its stem
fungus is defined as the threshold retention for that extending into the beaker containing the blocks. The
organism. The failure to protect against decay is preservative solution shallthen berun intothe beaker
determined bytheamount ofweight lossinthetreated completely covering the blocks. The vacuum shall
woodblock. then be released. The beaker will be taken out and
covered with a lid to prevent the evaporation ofthe
2.2 Preparation ofTest Sample
preservative solution. The blocks shall be allowed to
2.2.1 Thetestblocksaswellasthefeederblocksshall remain for 30 min and then taken out and weighed
be made from all sapwood portion of chir (W ) immediately after wiping the excess of
2
(Pinus roxburghii) and mango (Mangifera preservative. The mass of the treating solution
indica), free from knots, mould and stain. The test absorbed (G)shallbe(W - WJ
2
blocks shall be made ofsizes 19 mm x 19 mm x 2.5 Calculation ofRetention Value
19mm with a 3.2 mm central hole on the tangential
face and the feeder blocks 4 mm x 19mm x 35 mm The amount of preservative solution absorbed by
along the length ofthe grain. block (retention value in g/cm') shall be calculated
as follows:
2.2.2 The blocks shall then be dried in an oven at
IOOeetoI05ee toaconstantmass(WJ Twelveblocks Ge
Retention (R) = g/cm' (this may be
shall be treated with each concentration of the 100 V converted to the
preservative. Leaching shall start 3 days after
units of kg/rn')
treatment ofthe blocks with oil-type preservatives
and 14 days after treatment with water-borne where
type preservatives. Out ofthe 12 treated blocks,
6 blocks shall beexposed for 14days at50ee except G= mass ofthe treating solution absorbed by
for 2 h period on each ofthe first nine days, when block(W2- WI)' ing;
they shall be leached at room temperature. Six
C= massofthe preservative present in 100gof
leached and six unleached test blocks shall be
conditioned at 30ee and 70 ± 4 percent relative thetreating solution, ing; and

humidity. V= volumeofthetest block, inem'.
IS 4873 (Part 1) :2008
The treated blocks shall then be conditioned at 300e blocks with cross-section face down on feeder blocks
and70±4percentrelativehumiditytoaconstantmass, inpreviously prepared test bottles.
WJ• 2.9 Incubation and Duration ofTest
2.6 PreparationofSoil CultureBottles
The bottles containing the test blocks shall be
Sifted (sieved) air dried garden soil amounting to placed in an incubator at 25 ± loe and relative
125 g with pH between 5.0 and 7.0 shall be filled humidity70±4 percentand kept there for a periodof
(compacted by tapping) in (237 ml) aluminium 12weeks.
screwing capped bottles. Distilled water is added
to this so as to obtain 130 percent ofwater holding Atthe endofthe incubationperiodthe blocksshall be
capacity of soil in test bottles. Two feeder blocks removed from the culture bottles, cleaned of the
are then kept on the surface ofthe soil, ofthe size adhering mycelium, taking care not to remove the
mentioned above. Sterilize the prepared bottles splintersofthe wood,and weigh them immediately if
with caps loosened at 0.1 Nzmm' for 60 min on two the moisture in the blocks is to be determined. The
consecutivedays. blocks shall be dried inthe warm air ofthe laboratory
2.7 PreparationofTest Culture and then conditioned (30°C and relative humidity 70
±4 percent)to aconstantweight(W4).
After the sterilized culture bottles are thoroughly
cooled, cut the fungus inoculum (see 2.7.1) 2.10 Calculation ofMass Loss
approximately 10 mm? from a not more than
Percentage mass loss will be calculated from the
3-week old culture and place on the edge of the
feeder blocks. Incubate the inoculated bottles with conditioned mass of the blocks before and after
slightly loosened lids at 27°e ± loe and 70 ± 4 testing.
percent relative humidity for approximately
3 weeks. The bottles are then ready to receive
Mass loss. percent x 100
the test blocks.
2.7.1 The test fungi which are resistant to where
antiseptics, grow quickly and rapidly cause a loss
in weight oftest timber, shall be chosen. The test WJ =' conditioned mass of the block before test,
and
fungi given in 2.7.1.1 and 2.i.~.2 generally satisfy
these factors. W4 =' conditionedmass ofthe blockaftertest.
2.7.1.1 For conifers 2.11 Threshold Retention
a) Lentinus lepideus Fr. particularly tolerant to
The purpose of the test is to determine the
creosote or mixture containing creosotes;
minimum amount ofpreservative that is effective in
and
preventing decay, under the condition oftest, by
b) Poria moniticola Murr. particularly tolerant a particular fungus. The amount of preservative 10
to copper and zinc compounds. terms ofkg/m' ofwood is referred to as 'threshold
retention'. The 'threshold value' is determined by
2.7.1.2 Fornon-conifers
estimating the point at which percentage weight
a) Coriolus versicolor (L. ex Fr.) or Pycnoporus loss not exceeding 5 percent, caused by decay
sanguineus (L.ex Murr.), and occurs.
b) Gloeophyllum trabeum (Pers. ex Fries) Murr. 3 ALTERNATIVE METHOD AGAR-BLOCK
(KOLLE-FLASK) METHOD
NOTE- Some strainsofthis fungus are resistant to high
concentrationofarsenic.
3.1 Preparation ofTest Blocks
2.7.2 The tolerant fungus shall always be included
in testing any preservative. Other important wood The test blocks shall be made from all sapwood
rotting fungi may be substituted for the non portion of chir (Pinus roxburghii'i and mango
tolerant organisms in special investigations. (Mangifera indica), free from knots and moulds.
The test blocks shall be made ofthe size 50 mm x
2.8 Infection ofTest Blocks
25 mm x 15 mm along the length ofthe grain.
Before putting the test blocks in the culture bottles,
3.2 ConditioningofTest Blocks
place them by retention groups into tightly fitting
containers and steam at loooe for 20 min at
The procedure shalI be the same as given
atmospheric pressure. After cooling, place the test in 2.2.2.
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IS 4873 (Part I) :2008
3.3 Treatment Procedure 3.6 InfectionofTest Blocks
The procedure shall be the same as given in 2.3 and Theblocksshallbeexposedtofungalattackbyplacing
themaseptically intheflaskinwhichthereareactively
2.4.
growing cultures ofthetest fungi. The blocks should
3.4 Test Fungi beplacedonringsorframesmadeofthinglassrod, so
that the blocks come in contact with the aerial
The test fungi shall be the same as given in2.7.1. mycelium ofthefungusandnotthemedium itselfinto
whichsomeofthe preservative might otherwise leach
3.5 Medium for GrowingCulture
out. Notmorethantwoblocks shallbeplaced ineach
flask. Sterile watershould beadded aseptically inthe
Anutrient medium consistingof20gofagarand 20g
neck ofthe flask to maintain the ideal condition for
ofmalt extract in a litre ofdistilled water shall be
test.
prepared. Pour about 60 ml ofthis into each flask
(Kolle-flask),then plug with cottonwool andsterilize 3.7 Incubation andDuration ofTest
byautoclavingat0.\ Nzmrn' (120°C)for
The procedure shall bethe same asgiven in2.9.
aperiod of20 min. After sterilization,the flask shall
belaid flatsothat the medium isretainedbythe ridge 3.8 CalculationofMass Loss
in the neck ofthe flask. The medium is inoculated
withtest fungus within 6days after preparationofthe The procedureshall be the same asgiven in2.10.
flask. Sterile watershould bepouredover the cotton
3.9 Threshold Retention
wool pad inthe neck ofthe flask in order to maintain
the ideal conditions for fungal growth in the flask. The procedure shall be thesame asgiven in2.11.
ANNEX A
(Foreword)
COMMITTEE COMPOSITION
Timberand Timber Stores Sectional Committee, CED 9
Organization Representativets)
Inpersonalcapacity(2989/D,12thMainHAL/IStage, SHRJSIIYAMSUNDER(ChairmJlll)
Bangalore560008)
AndamanChamberofCommerce&Industries,Kolkata SHRJHARISHKHArrAN
BambooandCaneTechnologyCentre,Guwahati PROJECTCOORDINATOR
BambooSocietyoflndia, Bangalore SHRJA.C.uKsHMANA
DRK.A.KUSHAUJ'PA(Alterna/e)
CentralBuildingResearchInstitute,Roorkee DIRECTOR
DirectorateGeneralofCivilAviation,NewDelhi DIRECTORGENElW.
DirectorateGeneralofSupplies&Disposals,NewDelhi D!REcroRGENEJW.
DirectorateofStandardization,NewDelhi DIRECTOR
Engineer-in-Chief'sBranch.ArmyHeadquarters.NewDelhi SHIUC.R.SAHA
SHRIN.B.SHEU.R(Altemate)
FederationoflndianPlywood& PanelIndustry,NewDelhi SHIUSAlIANBHAJANKA
SECRETARY[Alternate)
ForestDepartment,Raipur PRINCIPALCHIEFCONSERVA"lOROFFORESTS
ForestDepartment,Bhopal PRINcIPALCIIIEFCoNsBtvATOROfFORESTS
ForestResearchInstitute.DehraDun DRS.S.NEG!
DRVIMALK01lllVAL(Altemate)
IndianAcademyofWoodScience,Bangalore PREsmerr
IndianCouncilofForestryResearchandEducation,DehraDun DIRECTORGENEJW.
IndianPlywoodIndustriesResearch&TrainingInstitute,Bangalore DIRECTOR
SHRIS.PADMANAIlHAN(Alternate)

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IS 4873(Part 1):2008
Representativets)
Organization
InstituteofWoodScience&Technology,Bangalore DlRECfOR
DRR.V.RAO(Alternate)
KeralaForestResearchInstitute,Peechi DlRECfOR
DRGNANAHARAN(Alternate)
KuttyFlushDoors& FurnituresCoPvtLtd,Chennai SHRJK.SANKARAKJuSIINAN
COLY.G.KRISHNAN(Alternate)
MinistryofDefence,Gwalior DlRECfOR
SHRIH.C.PAr-,.-(Alternate)
MinistryofEnvironment& Forest,NewDelhi DEPlIlYINSPECfORGENERALOfFoREST
RubberBoard,Konayarn DrRECfOR
KarnatakaStateForestIndustriesCorporationLtd, Bangalore SHRJV.P.HlREMATIi
SHRIS.SHrVAPRAKAsH(Alternate)
TimberDevelopmentAssociationofIndia,DehraDun SECRETARY
\"lMCOLimited,Mumbai CHIEFExEClJ11VEOmCER
Inpersonalcapacity(606B,IBlock.IIIStage,UVCELayout, SHRJK.DAMODARAN
JVOC Road. Basaveshwaranagar; Bangalore560079,
Karnataka)
BISDirectorateGeneral SHRIA.K.SAmI,Scientist'F'& Head(CEO)
[RepresentingDirectorGeneral(Ex-officio)]
MemberSecretary
SHRIJ.RoyCHOWDHURY
Scientist'E'(CEO),BIS
Timber Terminology,Conversion, Seasoning, Preservation,
Grading andTesting Subcommittee, CED 9 : 1
Organization Representattvets)
InstituteofWoodScience&Technology,Bangalore DRRVRAO(Convener)
AndamanTimberIndustries,Kolkata SHRIHARISHKHMrAN
ASCUHicksonLimited,Kolkata SHRIRxnvAGARWAL
SHRIJ.BASu(Alternate)
BoraxMorarji,Coil SHRIH.1.KAPADIA
SHRIS.RANGARAJAN(Alternate)
BuildingMaterialsTechnologyPromotionCouncil,NewDelhi REPRESENTAllVE
CentralBuildingResearchInstitute,Roorkee DIRECfOR
SHRIB.S.RAWAT(Alternate)
CentralMiningResearchStation(CSIR),Dhanbad DIRECfOR
ControllerateofQualityAssurance,Kanpur DIRECfOR
DirectorateGeneralofCivilAviation,NewDelhi OIRECfORGENERAL
DirectorateGeneralofSupplies&Disposals,NewDelhi OIREcroRGENERAL
DirectorateofStandardization,NewDelhi DIRECfOR
FederationoflndianPlywood&PanelIndustry,NewDelhi SHRIJAYDEEPCHIll.ANGIA
SECRETARY(Alternate)
ForestDepartment,Bangalore PRINCIPALCIUEFCONSERVATOROFFORESTS
ForestDepartment,Gandhinagar PRl!'iCIPALCIIlEFCONSERVATOROFFoRESTS
ForestDepartment,DehraDun PRINCIPALCHIEFCoNSERVATOROFFORESTS
ForestDepartment,GovernmentofChhattisgarh,Raipur PRINCIPALCHIEFCONSERVATOROFFORESTS
ForestResearchInstitute(ForestProductsDivision),DehraDun SHRIV.K.JAm
SHIUVIMALKOrnrYAL(Alternate)
ForestResearchInstitute(PathologyDivision),DebraDun DRA.N.SHUKLA
DRN.K.S.HARSH(Alternate)
IS 4873(Part 1):2008
Organization Representativets)
ForestResearchInstitute(SystemaicBotanyBranch),DehraDun DRS.A.S.BISWAS
DRSMERCHAND(Alternate)
ForestResearchInstitute(WoodAnatomy),DehraDun DR(MRS)S.4NGrrAGUPTA
DRP.K.P.4NDEV(Alternate)
ForestResearchInstitute(WoodSeasoning),DehraDun SHRINIRMALUPIUTI
DRKISIlANKUMAR(Alternate)
ForestResearchInstitute(WoodPreservation),DehraDun DRSADHANATRlPAl1ll
SIIRIAzMALSAMANI(Alternate)
GurditInstitutePvtLimited,Dharwar SHRIYASHKAJ..-'oNSINGH
HimachalPradeshStateForestCorporation,Shimla M.4NAGINGD!REcroR
ExEcunvEDnlEcroR(Alternate)
IndianCouncilofForestryResearchandEducation,DehraDun SHRIB.K.BHATIA
SHRIS.K.KOHLI(Alternate}
IndianInstituteofTechnology,NewDelhi SHRIG.S.BENIPAL
IndianPlywoodIndustriesResearch&TrainingInstitute,Bangalore SHRIK.SHYAMASUNDER
SIIRIS.Z.M.KAMAL(Alternate)
IndianPlywoodIndustries.Research&TrainingInstitute,Bangalore SHRJK.C.MAlllEWS
SIIRIM.VENUGOPALNAIDU(Alternate)
IndianPlywoodIndustriesResearch&TrainingInstitute,Bangalore SHRIS.PADM.4NABHAN
SHRJS.Z.M.KAMAL(Alternate)
IndianRubberWoodTaskForce,Kottayam SHRJC.BHASKARNAYAR
SIIRIV.J.MA1lIEW(Alternate)
InstituteofWoodScience&Technology(WoodProperties&Uses REPRESeIT!JlVE
Division),Bangalore
KarnatakaStateForestIndustriesCorporation,Bangalore SHRIV.P.HIREMAllf
SHRIS.SHIVAPRAKASH(Alternate)
KeralaForestResearchInstitute,Peechi DIRECTOR
REPRESeITATIVE(Alternate)
KuttyFlushDoors&FurnituresCoPvtLtd,Chennai SHRIK.S.4NKARAKRIsHNA
COLY.G.KRISHNAN(Alternate)
MadhyaPradeshRajyaVanVikasNigamLtd,Bhopal SHRJA.K.DUBEY
MinistryofEnvironment&Forests,NewDelhi DRBIPINBEHARJ
MinistryofRailways(RepresentedbyROSa),NewDelhi DIRECTORGENERAl.
NationalTestHouse,Kolkata DIRECTOR(PHYSICAL)
OfficeofDevelopmentCommissioner(Handicrafts),NewDelhi 0EPurYDIRECJOR
RegionalResearchLaboratory,Jorhat DIRECJOR
RubberResearchInstituteofIndia,Kottayarn DIRECIUR
SivakasiChamberofMatchIndustries,Sivakasi
REPRESeITAllVE
SouthernVeneers&WoodWorksLtd,Tillicherry SHRJP.K.Hxarss
U.P.ForestCorporation,Lucknow SEl'IlORMANAGEIl
Inpersonalcapacity(CloAmericanConnexion, 214,PhaseII DRSAnsHKUMAR
VasantVihar; DehraDun248006, Uttaranchaly

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