IS 4000: Code of practice for high strength bolts in steel structures

18 Pages·1992·1.8 MB·English

by  Bureau of Indian Standards

इंटरनेट मानक
Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information
Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to
information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities,
in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority,
and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest
to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of
education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the
timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.
“जान1 का अ+धकार, जी1 का अ+धकार” “प0रा1 को छोड न’ 5 तरफ”
Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan Jawaharlal Nehru
“The Right to Information, The Right to Live” “Step Out From the Old to the New”
IS 4000 (1992): Code of practice for high strength bolts in
steel structures [CED 7: Structural Engineering and
structural sections]
“!ान $ एक न’ भारत का +नम-ण”
Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
““IInnvveenntt aa NNeeww IInnddiiaa UUssiinngg KKnnoowwlleeddggee””
“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता हहहहै””ै”
Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam
“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”

( pY;l??WT )
TTFF
Indian Standard
HIGH STRENGTH BOLTS IN STEEL
STRUCTURES - CODE OF PRACTICE
( First Revision )
UDC 631-882-2 : 624-014-2-078-2

@ BIS 1992
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002

yraunaJ 1992 Price Groop 6
larutcurtS gnireenignE lanoitceS ,eettimmoC CED 7
FOREWORD
sihT naidnI dradnatS ( tsriF noisiveR ) was detpoda yb eht uaeruB fo naidnI Standards, retfa
eht tfard dezilanif yb eht larutcurtS gnireenignE lanoitceS eettimmoC had neeb devorppa yb eht
liviC gnireenignE noisiviD .licnuoC
esU fo hgih htgnerts stlob ni larutcurts snoitcennoc is tsaf gaining ytiralupop revo eht -noc
lanoitnev detlob .snoitcennoc esehT larutcurts snoitcennoc hcihw dluoc eb rehtie gniraeb epyt
ro noitcirf epyt evah ytidigir ro ytiunitnoc elbarapmoc htiw what is elbaveihca ni dedlew
.noitcurtsnoc ehT htgnerts fo eht tnioj detacirbaf yb snaem fo eseht stlob is deniatbo yb
gniraeb ro noitcirf ( pirg ) depoleved as a tluser fo yrev hgih laitini noisnet ni eht stlob decudorp
yb gninethgit eht nuts ot eht deificeps tlob .noisnet
sihT standard was tsrif dehsilbup ni 1967. nI this noisiver gniwollof tnatropmi snoitacifidom
evah neeb :detceffe
)i stloB fo ytreporp class 8.8 and 19.9 as derevoc ni SI 3757 : 1958 hgiH‘ htgnerts larutcurts
stlob ( evah neeb .deificeps
second revision )’
)ii nI noitidda ot noitcirf epyt ,stnioj stnioj detcejbus ot elisnet ecrof ylno ni eht noitcerid
fo eht tlob sixa and gniraeb epyt stnioj evah neeb .derevoc
)iii nI eht dohtem fo gninethgit fo ,stlob eht euqrot‘ lortnoc ’dohtem has neeb decalper yb
esu fo tcerid‘ noisnet noitacidni .’ecived
)vi noitacirbaF and assembling snoisivorp evah neeb .detarobale
)v A dohtem rof eht noitanimreted fo slip rotcaf rof eht tnereffid ecafrus snoitidnoc has neeb
.debulcni
nI eht noitaraperp fo this ,edoc elbaredisnoc assistance has neeb devired morf SA 4891-1151
SAA hgiH htgnertS larutcurtS gnitloB ,’edoC issued yb Standards noitaicossA fo Australia
.)AAS(
SI 4000: 1992
lndian Standard
HIGH STRENGTH BOLTS IN STEEL
STRUCTURES-CODE OF PRACTICE
( First Revision )
1 SCOPE 3.1.4 Friction Type Joints - A tnioj detcennoc
htiw htgnerts-hgih stlob denoisnet ot hcus a
1.1 sihT standard srevoc eht stnemeriuqer rof tlob noisnet that eht tnatluser gnipmalc noitca
eht ,ngised ylbmessa,noitacirbaf and noitcepsni srefsnart all eht deilppa secrof gnitca ni eht
ni all sepyt fo leets ,serutcurts fo larutcurts enaIp fo eht nommoc tcatnoc secafrus yb eht
stnioj using hgih htgnerts stlob gnimrofnoc ot noitcirf depoleved neewteb eht tcatnoc
SI 3757 : 1985 hgiHC htgnerts larutcurts stlob .secafrus
( denoisnet ot eht inim mum
second revision )’ 3.1.5 ehT latot ssenkciht fo leets
stlob noisnet deificeps ni this .edoc Grip -
snoitces ot eb dleh ,rehtegot gnidulcni gnikcap
1.2 sihT standard seilppa ot hgih htgnerts tub gnidulcxe washers.
stlob desu ni htob noitcirf epyt and gniraeb
3.1.6 ehT ecnatsid morf eht
epyt raehs stnioj and rof noisnet .stnioj Length of Bolt -
edisrednu fo eht tlob daeh ot eht emertxe dne
1.3 sihT standard is yratnemelpmoc ot fo eht shank gnidulcni yna rebmac ro radius.
SI 800 : 1984 edoC fo ecitcarp rof lareneg
3.1.7 A elgnis ssenkciht fo leets gnimrof
noitcurtsnoc no leets ( second revision )‘. Ply -
trap fo a larutcurts .tnioj
snoisivorP ton derevoc ni this standard shall
eb gnimrofnoc ot SI 800 ; 1984.
3.1.8 foorP stress ZopR deilpitlum
Proof Load -
yb eht stress aera fo eht .tlob
2 SECNEREFER
3.1.9 ehT oitar fo eht raehs
Slip Factor -
ehT naidnI Standards detsil ni xennA A era ecrof deriuqer ot ecudorp slip neewteb owt
yrassecen stcnujda ot this standard. seilp ot eht ecrof ( shank noisnet ) gnipmalc
eht owt seilp .rehtegot
3 YGOLONIMRET AND SLOBMYS
3.1.10 ehT level fo ssenthgit
Snug Tight -
3.1 ygolonimreT deniatta yb a wef stcapmi fo an tcapmi hcnerw

ro yb eht lluf stroffe fo a man using a /dradnatS

roF eht esoprup fo this standard eht snoitinifed regdop rennaps ro a spud .hcnerw
nevig ni 3.1.1 ot 3.1.8 shall ylppa ni noitidda
ot eht erutalcnemon and ygolonimret derevoc 3.2 slobmyS
ni SI 8537 : 1977.
slobmyS desu ni this edoc shall evah eht
gniwollof :gninaem
3.1.1 A tnioj detcennoc
Bearing Type Joints -
htiw ylluf denoisnet hgih htgnerts stlob erehw
lanimon dia fo ,tlob ni ;mm
d =
tnioj slip yam rucco os that eht deilppa ecrof
e = muiminim ecnatsid morf egde fo a.
is derrefsnart yb raehs ni eht stlob and gniraeb
eloh ot eht egde fo a ,ylp ni ,mm
no eht detcennoc parts.
derusaem ni eht noitcerid fo a -moc
3.1.2 A nommoc tcatnoc tnenop fo a ,ecrof plus flah eht tlob
Effective Interface -
ecafrus neewteb owt gnittimsnart-daol ,seilp .retemaid ehT egde fo a ylp shall eb
gnidulcxe gnikcap ,seceip hguorht hcihw eht demeed ot edulcni eht egde fo an
tlob passes. tnecajda tlob ;eloh
dleiy stress fo eht ,ylp ni MPa;
f, =
3.1.3 ehT laciremun eulav
Factor of Safety - elisnet ecrof no eht ,tlob ni kN;
yb hcihw eht daol that dluow esuac slip ni a P, =
tnioj is dedivid ot evig eht mumixam -issimrep PtO = mumixam elbissimrep elisnet ecrof
elb gnikrow daol no eht .tnioj ni eht ,tlob ni kN;
1
1992
IS 4000 :
I = ssenkciht fo eht ,ylp ni ;mm 5 NGISED
V = raehs ecrof no eht ,tlob ni kN; and
5.1 lareneG
mumixam elbissimrep raehs ecrof no
Vob = eht ,tlob ni kN. liA ,snoitcennoc eht ytidigir fo hcihw is
laitnesse ot eht ytiunitnoc assumed as eht basis
4 ,TLOB STUN AND SREHSAW fo eht ngised ,sisylana shall eb elbapac fo
gnitsiser eht ,stnemom shears and laixa sdaol
4.1 snoisnemiD and seitreporP ot hcihw yeht dluow eb detcejbus yb eht ngised
.gnidaol
,stloB nuts and washers shall mrofnoc ot
SI 3757 : 1985, SI 6623 : 1985 and SI 6649 : 1985 5.2 stnioJ tcejbus ot an deilppA elisneT ecroF
.ylevitcepser ylnO ni eht noitceriD fo eht tloB .sixA
4.1.1 ehT htgnel fo eht tlob shall eb detaluclac roF stnioj ni hcihw eht ylno ecrof is an deilppa
yb adding eht ecnawolla nevig ni elbaT 1 ot
elisnet ecrof ni eht noitcerid fo tlob ,sixa eht
eht latot detaluclac mumixam pirg htgnel elisnet ecrof no yna tlob shall ton deecxe eht
gnirevoc mumixam stimil fo ylp .ssenkciht ehT seulav deificeps ni 1oc 4 and 5 fo elbaT 2.
latot htgnel shall eb dednuor ffo ot eht txen
rehgih lanimon htgnel nevig ni SI 3757 : 1985. NOTES
tI is elbarised that eht rengised skcehc ni hcae
1 ehT detalubat eulav rof noisnet P ot dnopserroc
esac rehtehw htiw eht lanif tlob htgnel os
ot 0.6 semit eht muininim tlob noisnet ( ees elbaT 3)
,deniatbo ti is elbissop ot nethgit eht nuts nehw nekat lauqe ot eht foorp daol seulav sa detalupits
all eht setalp era fo muminim elbissimrep ni elbaT 7 fo SI 1367 ( traP 3 ) : 1979.
.ssenkciht
2 ehT detalubat seulav rof raehs ni gniraeb epyt
stnioj b,,V dnopserroc ot 0.25 semit eht etairporppa
4.2 egarotS muminim elisnet htgnerts R, sa nevig ni elbaT 3 fo
SI 1367 ( traP 3 ) : 1979 deilpitlum yb eht tnaveler
eraC shall eb nekat that ,stlob nuts and washers sserts area fo eht knahs ro dedaerht noitrop fo eht
era derots ni hcus a yaw that yeht od ton .tlob
.etaroireted yehT era yllamron deilppus yb
5.2.1 erehW eugitaf snoitidnoc era ,devlovni
eht rerutcafunam htiw a thgil gnitaoc fo rust
eht elisnet ecrof no yna tlob shall ton deecxe
gnitneverp lio hcihw is ton latnemirted and
5-O semit eht muminim tlob noisnet deificeps ni
dluohs ton eb .devomer nI this noitidnoc
elbaT 3.
yeht era ydaer rof esu and yna rehtruf -taert
tnem at skrow ro etis is ton .dednemmocer
5.3 gniraeB epyT stnioJ
elbaT 1 ecnawollA rof tloB htgneL 5.3.1 Limitations on Bearing Type Joints
(Clause 4.1.1 ) raehS and tnemom noitcennoc erehw slip is
ton elbatpecca shall eb dengised as -noitcirf
ecnawollA
NominaSliz e Nominal Bolt for epyt .stnioj
of Bolt Dia in mm Grip in mm
M 16 16 26 5.3.2 Joints Subject to Shear Force Only
M 20 20 31 gniraeB epyt stnioj tcejbus ot raehs ecrof ,ylno
M 24 24 36 and hcihw era less than 500 mm gnol ni eht
M 30 30 42 noitcerid fo eht deilppa raehs ,ecrof shall eb
M 36 36 48 denoitroporp os that eht raehs ecrof no yna
tlob seod ton deecxe eht mumixam elbissimrep
NOTES
raehs ecrof Vat, deificeps ni 1oc 6 ot 9 fo
1 Allowance deificeps ,sedulcni ssenkciht fo eno tun
elbaT 2.
dna eno dradnats ,rehsaw ot edivorp a efas -orp
noisurt fo tlob dne dnoyeb eht tun retfa .gninethgit
ssenkcihT fo lanoitidda srehsaw fi desu dluohs eb roF stnioj retaerg than 500 mm gnol ni eht
dedulcni ni gnitaluclac eht mumixam latot pirg noitcerid fo eht deilppa raehs ,ecrof eht raehs
.htgnel ecrof no yna tlob shall ton deecxe eht seulav
2 ehT ecnawolla deificeps seilppa ot noitcirf epyt ’ dehsilbatse no .stset revewoH ni eht ecnesba
joints or gniraeb epyt stnioj erehw sdaerht era fo eht ,evoba eht gniwollof ,seulav as -orppa
dettimrep ni eht raehs .enalp rehgiH ecnawolla
etairp yam eb :desu
yam eb deriuqer rof gniraeb epyt stnioj erehw
sdaerht era dedulcxe morf eht raehs .enalp A
muminim rebmun fo owt eerf sdaerht llahs tcejorp )a 500 mm ot 1200 mm gnol 617
dnoyeb eht edisni gniraeb ecaf fo eht tun ni all Vob
)b revO 1200 mm gnol 417
.stnioj Vob
2
IS 4000 : 1992
Table 2 Maximum Permissible Applied Forces for Joints
( Clauses 5.2 and 3.2 )
Nominal Size Stress Area of Maximum Permissible Applied Forces in Bolts in kN
of Bolt Bolt, in mm* ~-----_-_---_-__- --c---T
noisneT ( Pt, ) raehS ni gniraeB epyT stnioJ a,,V rof stloB fo
ni stloB fo ytreporP ssalC
ytreporP ssalC
knahS daerhT 8.8 10.9 8.8 10.9
knahS daerhT knahS daerhT
)1( 12( (3) (4) )5( )6( (7) (8) (9)
M 16 201 157 56.7 78 40.2 31.4 52.3 40.8
M 20 314 245 88.2 122 65.2 50.8 81.6 63.7
M 24 452 353 127 176 93.8 73.2 117 91.8
M 30 706 561 202 280 146 116 148 146
M 36 1 017 817 294 407 211 169 264 212
5.3.3 Joints Subject to Shear and Tensile Forces 5.4.2 Joints Subject to Shear Force Only
epyt-gniraeB stnioj tcejbus ot raehs and elisnet
nI epyt-noitcirf stnioj tcejbus ot raehs ecrof
secrof shall eb denoitroporp os :taht
ylno ni eht enalP fo eht evitceffe ,secafretni eht
( otp/tp ”) + ( rebmun and snoitisopsid fo htgnerts-hgih stlob
v/vob )” d 1.0
shall eb denoitroporp os that eht gnitluser
5.3.4 Limitations of Transmitted Forces ecrof at yna tIob snoitisop seod ton deecxe eht
:eulav
roF stlob fo all ,sretemaid gniraeb ecrof ni
snotweN dettimsnart neewteb yna tlob and yna
pilS rotcaf x rebmuN fo evitceffe secafretni x
ylp shall ton deecxe x,fx2*1 nI ,noitidda
dx t. mumin;M tlob noisnet
eht tnenopmoc fo a ecrof nr snotwen no a ylp
gnitca no eht egde fo a tlob eloh ni eht rotcaF fo ytefas
noitcerid fo eht muminim ecnatsid drawot eht
egde fo a ylp shall ton deecxe e f4-. t/l-4. nI eht evoba ,noisserpxe eht rotcaf fo ytefas
shall eb nekat as 1.4 rof serutcurts and -etam
5.4 Friction Type Joints rials nihtiw eht epocs fo SI 800 : 1984 and rof
eht daol noitanibmoc deificeps .niereht oN
5.4.1 General lanoitidda rotcaf is deriuqer ot ekat tnuocca
fo eugitaf .snoitidnoc erehW eht tceffe fo wind
erehW eht secafrus ni tcatnoc ylpmoc htiw eht
secrof no eht serutcurts has ot eb nekat otni
stnemeriuqer fo 6.2 and eht secafrus era naelc
,noitaredisnoc this rotcaf fo ytefas yam eb
‘as ,’dellor slip rotcaf shall eb assumed as 0.35.
decuder ot 1.2 dedivorp eht snoitcennoc era
fI yna deilppa ,hsinif ro rehto ecafrus -idnoc
etauqeda nehw )i( wind decrof era ton -isnoc
snoit gnidulcni a denihcam ecafrus is ,derised
,dered )ii( wind is ton eht yramirp gnidaol rof
slip rotcaf desu shalI eb desab nopu stset
eht esoprup fo .ngised roF serutcurts ton
demrofrep ni ecnadrocca htiw eht erudecorp
derevoc yb SI 800 : 1984, eht rotcaf fo /ytefas
nevig ni xennA .B
daol rotcaf nevig ni eht etairporppa ngised
standard shall eb .desu
NOTE - nI eht ecnesba fo tset ,stluser eht pils
rotcaf nevig ni xennA C rof tnereffid ecafrus -idnoc
snoit yllareneg detpoda yam eb desu at eht -ercsid
5.4.3
noit fo eht .rengised Joints Subject to Shear and Tensile Force
5.4.1.1 stnioJ shall eb deifitnedi ni ecnadrocca An yllanretxe deilppa noisnet ni eht noitcerid
htiw 5.6 and eht noitacirbaf drawings shall fo eht tlob sixa secuder eht evitceffe gnipmalc
etacidni eht ecafrus tnemtaert deriuqer at hcae noitca fo a tlob hcihw has neeb denethgit ot
tnioj and rehtehw masking fo eht tnioj is ecudni shank .noisnet oT wolla rof this tceffe
deriuqer gnirud gnitniap shall osla eb .detacidni eht tlob shall eb denoitroporp ot yfsitas eht

3
IS 4000 : 1992
:noisserpxe 6.3 seloH shall eh dedivorp yb gnillird ylno rof
all yllacimanyd dedaol snoitcennoc and osla
detaluclaC raehS 5 noitcirf epyt stnioj and yb yna fo eht gniwollof
pilS rotcaf x rebmuN fo evitceffe sdohtem ,)a( )b( ro )c( rof rehto epyt fo :stnioj
ecafretni
a) Drilling - seloH dellird lluf .ezis
( foorP daol detaluclaC- noisnet x F )
rotcaF fo ytefaS 9 Sub punching - seloH dehcnup-bus 3 mm
ezisrednu and demaer ot .ezis
ehT eulav fo rotcaf F shall eb nekat as O-2 fi eht C) Punching &II size - seloH dehcnup lluf
lanretxe noisnet is evititeper and 1.7 fi -non
ezis :dedivorp
.evititeper
)i ehT tnioj is ton detacol at a citsalp
54.4 Limitation of Transmitted Forces ,egnih
)ii ehT lairetam shall ton evah a dleiy
ehT raehs ecrof neewteb eht tlob and ylp shall
stress ( Yf ) ni ssecxe fo 360 MPa,
eb detimil ot eht eulav denimreted ni -rocca
and
ecnad htiw 5.3.4.
)iii ssenkcihT fo laudividni srebmem seod
5.5 ton deecxe 12 .mm
Packing
5.5.1 Friction Type Joints 6.3.1 Oversize and Slotted Holes
roF noitcirf epyt stnioj on lanoitidda rotcaf is a) ezisrevO seloh shall ton deecxe 1.25 d ro
deriuqer ot ekat tnuocca fo sgnikcap nihtiw a d+8mm,
.tnioj
)b trohS dettols seloh shall ton deecxe d+2
5.5.2 Bearing Type Joints mm ni htdiw and 1.33 d ro d+lO mm ni
,htgnel and
nI epyt-gniraeb stnoj erehw htgnerts-hgih stlob lC gnoL dettols seloh shall ton deexe d + 2
hguorht a gnikcap etalp era deriuqer ot yrrac mm ni htdiw and 2.5 d ni .htgnel
detaluclac ,raehs eht rebmun fo stlob ,deriuqer
denimreted yb ,noitaluclac shall eb desaercni
6.3.2 Limitation on Use
evoba eht srebmun deriuqer yb lamron -uclac
noital yb 2.5 tnecrep rof hcae 2 mm ssenkciht 4 Oversize holes - ezisrevO seloh yam eb
fo gnikcap ni ssecxe fo 6 .mm roF elbuod raehs desu ni yna ro all seilp fo epyt-gniraeb
noitcennoc htiw gnikcap no htob sides fo a and epyt-noitcirf snoitcennoc dedivorp
,rebmem eht esaercni ni rebmun fo stlob shall denedrah washers era dellatsni revo eht
eb denimreted yb eht ssenkciht fo eht rekciht ezisrevo .seloh
gnikcap .dedivorp
)b Short slotted holes - trohS dettols seloh
5.6 yam eb desu ni epyt-raehs snoitcennoc ni
Identification
yna ro all seilp fo epyt-noitcirf and
ehT rengised shall etacidni no drawings eht epyt-gniraeb stnioj denedrah-dedivorp
noitisop fo all htgnerts-hgih larutcurts stlob washers era dellatsni revo eht desopxe
and shall etats eht epyt fo tnioj that is, noitcirf .seloh
epyt tnioj ro epyt-gniraeb .tnioj nI eht ecnesba
nI epyt-noitcirf stnioj eht stols yam eb
fo hcus ,noitangised eht rotacirbaf shall assume
desu tuohtiw drager ot noitcerid fo -daol
hcus stnioj ot eb epyt-gniraeb .stnioj
gni tub ni epyt-gniraeb stnioj dettols
seloh yam eb desu ylno erehw eht tnioj is
6
FABRICATION ton yllacirtnecce ,dedaol erehw eht stlob
nac raeb ylmrofinu and erehw eht stols
6.1 Holes in Members
era lamron ot eht noitcerid fo eht .daol
Unless deificeps ,esiwrehto eht retemaid fo a
eloh shall eb 1.5 mm and 2.00 mm erom than 4 Long slotted holes - gnoL dettols seloh
eht lanimon tlob retemaid rof gniraeb epyt yam eb desu ni epyt-raehs snoitcennoc
stnioj and noitcirf epyt stnioj .ylevitcepser ylno ni etanretla seilp fo rehtie -noitcirf
epyt ro epyt-gniraeb stnioj dedivorp a
6.2 ehT egde ecnatsid rof yna eloh and eht laiceps rehsaw fo ,etalprevoc ton less
ecnatsid neewteb seloh ( hctip ) shall mrofnoc than 8 mm ,kciht is desu ot yletelpmoc
ot eht stnemeriuqer fo SI 800 : 1984. revoc all desopxe gnol dettols .seloh
4
SI 4000 : 1992.
nI epyt-noitcirf ,stnioj gnol dettols seloh 7.1.3 Placemenf of Nuts
yam eb desu tuohtiw drager ot noitcerid
fo gnidaol dedivorp an lanoitidda 33 ehT tun dluohs eb decalp os that kramyeht
tnecrep erom stlob era desu than dedeen deificeps ni SI 6623 : 1985 ot yfitnedi a -hgih
ot yfsitas eht snoisivorp derevoc rednu htgnerts tun is elbisiv retfa .gninethgit
5.4 tub ni epyt-gniraeb ,stnioj gnol dettols
seloh yam eb desu ylno erehw eht tnioj is
7.1.4 Packing
ton yllacirtnecce ,dedaol erehw eht stlob
nac raeb ylmrofinu and erehw eht stols gnikcaP shall eb dedivorp reverehw yrassecen
era lamron ot eht noitcerid fo eht .daol ot erusne that eht gnittimsnart-daol seilp era ni
evitceffe tcatnoc nehw eht tnioj is denethgit ot
6.4 Preparation of Surfaces in Contact eht ’thgit-guns‘ noitidnoc as denifed ni 7.2.2 .)a(
llA sgnikcap shall eb fo leets htiw a ecafrus
6.4.1 General noitidnoc ralimis ot that fo eht tnecajda .seilp
llA ,lio ,trid esool ,elacs esool rust, srrub and
7.1.5
yna rehto stcefed no eht secafrus fo tcatnoc Alignment of Parts
hcihw lliw tneverp dilos gnitaes fo eht parts
ehT seloh ni eht parts ot eb denioj shall eb
shall eb .devomer
dengila ot timrep eht stlob ot eb denoitisop
tuohtiw egamad ot eht dedaerht noitrop fo eht
6.4.2 Friction-type Joints .tlob gnitfirD ot align seloh shall ton trotsid
eht latem ro egralne eht .seloh
roF epyt-noitcirf stnioj eht tcatnoc secafrus
shall eb naelc ’dellor-saG secafrus ro tnelaviuqe
and ni noitidda ot gniteem eht snoisivorp 7.1.6 Tightening,Pattern
derevoc rednu 6.4.1 shall eb eerf morf paint,
,reuqcal gnizinavlag ro rehto deilppa ,hsinif gninethgit-gunS and lanif gninoisnet fo eht stlob
unless esiwrehto deificeps ro devorppa yb eht shall deecorp morf eht tseffits trap fo eht tnioj
tnetepmoc .ytirohtua sdrawot eht eerf .segde
6.4.3 hgiH htgnerts stlob yam eb desu yliraropmet
Bearmg-type Joints
gnirud noitcere ot etatilicaf ,ylbmessa tub fi os
roF epyt-gniraeb ,stnioj an deilppa hsinif no desu yeht shall ton eb yllanif denoisnet litnu all
eht tcatnoc secafrus shall eb .dettimrep stlob ni eht tnioj era thgit-guns ni rieht tcerroc
.ecneuqes
7 YLBMESSA

7.1.7 Retensioning

7.0 General
gninoisneteB fo stlob hcihw evah neeb ylluf
No tnioj shall eb delbmessa rof gnitlob litnu denoisnet shall eb dediova reverehw .elbissop fI
eht tcatnoc secafrus evah neeb detcepsni and gninoisneter must eb deirrac tuo ti shall
devorppa yb eht tnetepmoc .ytirohtua ylno eb dettimrep ecno and ylno nehw eht
tlob sniamer ni eht emas eloh ni hcihw ti
was yllanigiro denoisnet and htiw eht emas
7.1 Procedure
.pirg
7.1.1 Number of Washers rednU on secnatsmucric shall stlob hcihw evah
neeb ylluf denoisnet eb desuer ni rehtona .eloh
hcaE tlob and tun shall eb delbmessa htiw at
tsael eno .rehsaw A rehsaw shall eb decalp
rednu eht gnitator .tnenopmoc 7.2 Method of Tensioning
7.1.2 Tapered Washers 7.2.1 General
erehW eht elgna neewteb eht sixa fo eht tlob ehT dohtem fo gninoisnet shall eb ni ecnadrocca
and eht stnioj ecafrus is erom than 3 eerged ffo htiw 7.2.2 ro 7.2.3.
,lamron a derepat rehsaw shall eb desu against
eht derepat .ecafrus ehT gnitator-non -opmoc nI eht detelpmoc noitcennoc all stlob shall evah
tnen shall ylbareferp eb decalp against eht at tsael eht muminim noisnet deificeps ni
derepat .rehsaw elbaT 3.
5