IS 15529: Citrus fruits and derived products - Determination of essential oils content (reference method)

2004·0.98 MB·English

by  Bureau of Indian Standards

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IS 15529 (2004): Citrus fruits and derived products -
Determination of essential oils content (reference method)
[FAD 10: Processed Fruits and Vegetable Products]
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IS 15529:2004
ISO 1955:1982

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Indian Standard
CITRUS FRUITS AND DERIVED PRODUCTS —
DETERMINATION OF ESSENTIAL OILS CONTENT
( REFERENCE METHOD)
ICS 67.080.10

(3 BIS 2004
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW D ELHI 110002
October 2004 Price Group 2
Processed Fruits and Vegetable Products Sectional Committee, FAD 10
NATIONAL FOREWORD
This Indian Standard which is identical with ISO 1955 : 1982 ‘Citrus fruits and derived
products — Determination of essential oils content ( Reference method )’ issued by the International
Organization for Standardization ( ISO ) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards on the
recommendations of the Processed Fruits and Vegetable Products Sectional Committee and approval
of the Food and Agriculture Division Council.
In the adopted standard certain terminology and conventions are not identical to those used in the
Indian Standards. Attention is particularly drawn to the following:
a) Wherever the words ‘International Standard’ appear referring to this standard, they should be
read as ‘Indian Standard’.
b) Comma ( ,) has been used as a decimal marker while in Indian Standards, the current practice
is to use a point ( . ) as the decimal marker. -“1
In reporting the result of a test or analysis made in accordance with this standard, if the final
value, observed or calculated, is to be rounded off, it shall be done in accordance with
IS 2:1960 ‘Rules for rounding off numerical values ( revised)’.
IS 15529:2004
ISO 1955: 1982
Indian Standard
CITRUS FRUITS AND DERIVED PRODUCTS —
DETERMINATION OF ESSENTIAL OILS CONTENT
( REFERENCE METHOD )
1 Scope and field of application Citrus fruit juices, for example, shall be used after simply stir-
ring; thick, pulpy or syrupy products shall be thoroughly mixed
This International Standard specifies the reference method for with an equal mass of water.
the determination of the total essential oils content of citrus
fruits and their derived products (whole fruits, fruits cut into 4.1.2 Products rich in essential oilsz}
small pieces, skins, juices, concentrates, beverage bases
sweetened products etc. ). Suitably dilute the test sample to obtain an essential oils con-
tent of less than 0,1 ml per 100 ml or per 100 g of product.
2 Principle 4.1.3 Products very rich inessentialoils(used as bases for
carbonated drinks)zj
Boiling of a test portion, diluted or undiluted, and steam en-
trainment of the essential oils which are collected in a Mix thoroughly by diluting with water in the proportion in-
graduated tube; after cooling, direct reading from this tube of dicated in 4.1.2, operating in a high-speed mechanical mill in
the volume of essential oils separated from the distillate. order to avoid separation.
4.1.4 Whole fruits, fruits cut into small pieces, and skins
3 Apparatus
Grind the sample finely and proceed as specified in 4.1.3.
3.1 ApparatusI), for entrainment and recoveryof essential
oils, comprising acondenserandatrap terminating in a tube, 4.2 Preparation of apparatus [3.1)
of diameter 8 to 10 mm, graduated in0,05 ml divisions, having
a capacity of 4 ml. Start the circulation of water through the condenser and, if
possible, moisten the inside of the condenser with a wetting

3.2 Flask, of capacity3Iitres,suitablefor con nection to the agent, for example sodium seconda~ alkylsulphate.

apparatus(3.1).
Fill the trap with distilled water. If possible, immerse the trap
itself in a large beaker of cold water during the test.
3.3 Graduatedmeasuringcylinders,of capacity 2 Iitres.
4.3 Test portionzl
3.4 Boilingaid.
Transfer 2 Iitres of the test sample (4.1), measured by means of
the graduated measuring cylinder (3.3) and corresponding to a
4 Procedure
volume VOor a mass m of the product before dilution, to the
flask (3.2). If necessary, add the boiling aid (3.4).
4.1 Preparation of the test sample
4.4 Determination
NOTE – Sufficient test sample isrequired to provide test portions of
2 Iitres.
Connect the flask to the apparatus (3.1) and start heating.
When the liquid begins to boil, reduce the rate of heating so
4.1.1 Products having low essential oils content (less that only about one drop of distillate falls from the condenser
than 0,1 ml per 100 ml or per 100 g of product) per second.
1) An apparatus of the modified Clevenger type isillustrated, for information only, in the annex,
2) Forproducts which are rich, orvery rich, inessential oils(4,1.2 and 4.1.3), itispossible to reduce the volume ofthe test portion to 1Iitrer modify-
ing the capacity of the apparatus and the degree of dilution accordingly.
1
IS 15529:2004
ISO 1955: 1982
Allow to boil for 1 to 3 h; the essential oils accumulate in the 5.1.2 Samplestakenby mass
trap. When the volume of essential oils has not increased for 15
to 30 rein, stop heating and allow the trap to cool. The essential oils content, expressed in millilitres per 100 g of
product, isgiven by the formula
If possible, rinse the condenser with water from awash-bottle,
then bring the lower boundary of the essential oils phase to the v,
— x 100
“O” mark of the graduated tube, by running out water through m
the tap, Allow the trap to drain for at least 5 rein, then read the
volume, to the nearest half-division, indicated by the upper
where
meniscus.
m isthe mass, ingrams, of product present inthe test poc
tion (4.3);
4.5 Number of determinations
VI has the same meaning as in 5.1.1.
Carry out two determinations on the same test sample
5.1.3 Result
5 Expression of results Take asthe result the arithmetic mean of the values obtained in
the two determinations (4.5), provided that the requirement for
repeatability (see 5.2) isfulfilled.
5.1 Method of calculation and formula
5.2 Repeatability
5.1.1 Samplestakenbyvolume
The difference between the values obtained in the two deter-
The essential oils content, expressed as a percentage by minations (4.5), carried out simultaneously or in rapid succes-
volume of product, isgiven by the formula sion by the same analyst, shall not exceed 5 ‘k (relative) of the
mean.
VI
—VX. loo 6 Test report
The test report shall show the method used and the result ob-
where tained. It shall also mention any operating conditions not
specified in this International Standard, or regarded as op-
V. is the volume, in millilitres, of product present in the tional, as well as any circumstances that may have influenced
test portion (4.3); the result.
v, is the volume, in millilitres, of ess ential oils, measured The test report shall include all the information necessary for

in 4.4, the complete identification of the sample.
IS 15529:2004
Annex
ISO 1955:1982
apparatus (modified Clevenger type)
Dimensions inmillimetres
%
y—conden”r
Ii
II
@35
I
I
I
I
~
40
Graduatedtube —
o
ml
4 ml )4?
3 ml
2 ml
0>
[ 1 ml

5
-9
Bulb
I
I

150
3
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Amendments Issued Since Publication
Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected
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