IS 15322: Particle Filters Used in Respiratory Protective Equipment--Specification

24 Pages·2003·1.7 MB·English

by  Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS)

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IS 15322 (2003): Particle Filters Used in Respiratory
Protective Equipment--Specification. ICS 13.340.30
“!ान $ एक न’ भारत का +नम-ण”
Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
““IInnvveenntt aa NNeeww IInnddiiaa UUssiinngg KKnnoowwlleeddggee””
“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता हहहहै””ै”
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“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”

IS 15322 : 2003
Indian Standard
PARTICLE FILTERS USED IN RESPIRATORY
PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT - SPECIFICATION
ICS 13.340.30
© BIS2003
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002
June 2003 Price Group 8
Industrial Safety and Chemical Hazards Sectional Committee, CHD 8
FOREWORD
This Indian Standard was adopted by the Bureau ofIndian Standards, after the draft finalized by the Industrial
Safety and Chemical Hazards Sectional Committee had been approved by the Chemical Division Council.
Work environment get contaminated due to gases, vapours. fumes, dust, mists and smokes. Where control
measures, such as, total enclosure, ventilation, remote control already provided on a process or operation,
do not prevent contamination of work environment, or where danger to health is significant, use of respiratory
protective equipment is recommended. While gases and vapours are removed by chemical reaction, absorption
or absorption, particulate matter is usually removed by simple mechanical filtration. Therefore, it is desirable
that filter-type respirators are tested under simulted laboratory conditions and any defects removed so that
the respirator affords desired protection at the time of actual use. This standard is intended to achieve these
objectives.
During this revision the Committee felt the need to update the standard keeping in view the international
practices being followed world-wide. In order to ensure compatability of Indian particle filters with their
international counterpart, this standard has been modified. Considerable assistance has been derived from
EN 143 : 1990 'Specification for particle filters used in respiratory protective equipment', in this revision and
is generally in line with the same.
The composition of the Committee responsible for formulation of this standard is given at Annex B.
For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value,
observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with
IS 2 : 1960 'Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised)'. The number of significant places retained in
the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.
IS 15322: 2003
Indian Standard
PARTICLE FILTERS USED IN RESPIRATORY
PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT - SPECIFICATION
SCOPE threads). If a standard thread is used it shall be in
accordance with IS 14138 (Part 1 ). If the filter is a
This standard prescribes requirements and method
twin filter designated to be Used with a twin filter
of test for particle filters and components in unassisted
facepiece, it shall not be possible to connect it to
respiratory protective devices, except escape apparatus
the standard thread connector. The filter shall be
and filtering facepieces.
designed or marked to prevent incorrect assembly.
2 REFERENCES The maximum weight offilter(s) designated to be used
directly connected to a half mask shall be 300 g. The
The standards listed below contain provisions, which
maximum weight of filter(s) designated to be used
through reference in th is text constitute provisions directly connected to a full face mask shall be 500 g.
ofthis standard. At the time of publication, the editions
indicated were valid. All standards are subject to S.2 Materials
revisions and parties to agreements based on this
The filter shall be made of suitable material to
standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility
withstand normal usage and exposures to those
of applying the most recent editions of the standards
temperatures, humidity and corrosive environments
indicated below.
that are likely to be encountered. Internally it shall
IS No. Title withstand corrosion by the filtering media. Material
from the filter media released by the air flow through
8347: 1977 Glossary of terms relating to the filter shall not constitute a hazard or nuisance for
respiratory protective devices the wearer.
14138 Respiratory protective devices; S.3 Mechanical Strength
( Part I ) : 1994 threads for facepieces: Part 1
Standard thread connection - Before testing for breathing resistance, filtration
Specification efficiency and clogging, the filter shall be subjected
to a test in accordance with A-2 simulating rough usage
3 TERMINOLOGY of the filter.
For the purpose of this standard the definitions given After this treatment, the filters shall show no
in IS 8347 shall apply. mechanical defects and shall meet the requirements
for breathing resistance, filtration efficiency and
4 CLASSIFICATION
clogging.
Particle filters shall be offollowing three classes:
5.4 Breathing Resistance
a) Filter class PI,
The resistance imposed by filters to the flow of air
b) Filter class P2, and
shall be as low as possible and in no case exceed the
c) Filter class P3. values shown in Table 1 when tested in accordance
with A-3.
NOTE - P I filters are intended for use against solid
particles only. P2 and P3 filters are sub-divided according
Table 1 Maximum Breathing Resistance
to their ability to remove both solid and liquid particles
or solid particles only. The protection provided by a ( Clause 5.4 )
P2 filter or P3 filter includes that provided by the
corresponding filter of lower class or classes. SI Filter Class Maximum Resistance
No. in mbarl)
5 REQUIREMENTS
I At 30 IImin At 95 IImin
5.1 General ( I ) (2) (3) (4)
The connection between filter(s) and facepiece shall i) PI 0.6 2.1
be robust and leaktight. The connection between filter i i) P2 0.7 2.4
and facepiece may be achieved by a permanent or iii) P3 1.2 4.2
special type of connection or by a screw thread I) I bar = 105 N/m2 = 100 kPa.
connection ( including threads other than standard
IS 15322 : 2003
5.5 Filtration Efficiency be marked at least with the following:
The requirements shall be met before the temperature a) Type and class ( PI, P2 or P3 ),
treatment described in A-4. If the filter does not meet
b) Colour code ( Silver or light metal is regarded
the requirements after the temperature treatment, the
a neutral colour ), and
filter shall be marked with an expiry date of shelflife.
c) Batch No. or Serial No.
Filters not passing the paraffin oil test shall be marked
in accordance with 7.1.4. 7.1.1 Sub-assemblies and piece parts with considerable
bearing on safety shall be marked so that they can
The initial penetration of the test aerosols shall in
be identified.
no case exceed the values shown in Table 2 when tested
in accordance with A-4.1 and A-4.2. 7.1,.2 The name, trade-mark or other means of
identification of the manufacturer.
Table 2 Maximum Initial Penetration
( Clause 5.5 ) 7.1.3 All filters, including unencapsulated, which do
not pass the paraffin oil test shall be clearly marked
S I Filter Class Maximum Initial Penetration with the following:
No. of Test Aerosols (percent)
'For use against solid aerosols only'
I
Sodium Chloride Paraffin Oil
Test, 95 lImin Test, 95 lImin 7.1.4 The date (at leastthe year) of expiry of shelf
life, when the filter does not meet the requirements
( I ) (2) (3) (4)
after the temperature treatment.
i) PI 20
7.1.5 The sentence 'See instructions for use' .
ii) P2 6 2
7.2 The marking shall be as clearly visible and as
ii i) P3 0.05 0.01
durable as possible.
5.6 Clogging
7.3 BIS Certification Marking
The initial penetration requirements of 5.5 shall be
7.3.1 The filtering half masks may also be marked
satisfied before and after the clogging test by each
with the Standard Mark.
filter.
7.3.1.1 The use of the Standard Mark is governed
NOTE - The clogging test with dolomite dust is for
by the provisions oft he Bureau ofI ndian Standards
filters used in industry, and the clogging test with coal
Act, 1986 and Rules and Regulations made thereunder.
dust is for filters used in the coal mines.
The details of conditions under which the licence
5.6.1 Clogging Test with Coal Dustfor PI and P2 for use of the Standard Mark may be granted to
Filters manufacturers or producers may be obtained from the
Bureau of Indian Standards.
The inhalation resistance of the filter shall not be
greater than 4 mbar for filter Class PI and 5 mbar for 8 INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE
filter Class P2 when tested in accordance with A-5.1
8.1 Instructions shall accompany every smallest
and loaded with 1.5 g of dust.
commercial available package.
5.6.2 Clogging Test with Dolomite Dust for PI and
P2 Filters 8.2 Instruc:.tions for use shall be in the languages
acceptable to the user.
The inhalation resistance of the filter shall not be
8.3 The instructions for use shall contain all information
greater than 4 mbar for filter Class PI and 5 mbar for
fi Iter Class P2 when tested in accordance with A-5.2 necessary for trained and qualified persons on:
and loaded with 1.5 g of dust.
'a) Application/limitations,
6 PACKING b) Type-identifying marking to ensure that the
filter can be identified,
Each respirator shall be packed suitably to prevent
damage in transit. Cartridges shall be packed to c) Use, for examp Ie, is the filter intended to be
prevent damage to threads and sealing surfaces. used in industry or in the coal mining industry,
d) Suitability of the filters marked for solid
7 MARKING
aerosols only, against water based aerosols
7.1 All encapsulations of encapsulated filters and defined as : water based aerosols are those
all packages containing unencapsulated filters shall produced from solutions and/or suspensions
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IS 15322: 2003
of particulate materials in water such that the h) Operation manual,
only workplace contaminant is attributed to j) Maintenance, and
this solid material,
k) Storage.
e) Controls prior to use,
8.4 The instruction shal1 be unambiguous. Ifhelpful,
t) Fitting,
illustrations, part numbers, marking etc, may be added.
g) How the filter shall be inserted in the
equipment for which it is designed, and that 8.5 Warning shall be given against problems likely
equipment to be named, to be encountered.
ANNEXA
( Clauses 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5:6.1 and 5.6.2 )
METHOD OF TEST FOR PARTICLE FILTERS USED IN RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT
A-I GENERAL 100 rotations/m in for approximately 20 min and a total
of 2000 rotations.
Each of the test specimens shall comply with the
appropriate requirement. All performance tests except A-3 BREATHING RESISTANCE
coal dust clogging shall be conducted so that the
The filter shaH be connected in a leaktight manner
test air or test aerosol will pass through the filter
by means of a suitable adapter to the test
horizontally. Each test shall be conducted with filters
equipment. Testing shall be carried out at two flow
conditioned by the test described in A-2. When a
rates ( 30 and 95 IImin continuous flow) with air at
single filter of a twin fi Iter is tested separately the air
room temperature, ambient atmospheric pressure
flow specified for a test may be halved. If, however,
and of such humidity that condensation does not
it is possible that the single filter may be used alone,
occur. The resistance values sha1l be corrected for
then the full air flow shall be used for testing.
the reactive value introduced by the adapter and
to 23°C and 1 bar absolute. Each test shal1 be made
A-2 MECHANICAL STRENGTH
with 3 specimens.
A-2.t Apparatus
A-4 FILTRATION EFFICIENCY
The apparatus as shown schematica]]y in Fig. 1,
A-4.I The filters shall be tested before and after the
Consists of a steel case (K) which is fixed on a
fol1owing temperature treatment. The filters sha1l be
vertically moving piston (S), capable of being
exposed:
lifted up 20 mm by a rotating cam (N) and dropping
down onto a steel plate (P) due to its own mass as a) for 24 h to dry atmosphere of70 ± 3°C, and
the cam rotates. The mass of the steel case shall be
b) for 24 h to temperature of - 30 ± 3°C.
more than 10 kg.
The methods used for testing filters against solid and
A-2.2 Procedure liquid aerosols are:
A-2.2.1 The filters shall be treated as received, removed a) sodium chloride test according to A-4.2, and
from their packaging but still sealed. The filter b) paraffin oil test according to A-4.3.
shall be placed on their sides in the case (K) so that
they do not touch each other during the test, Sodium chloride test according to A-4.2 is the only
allowing 6 mm horizontal movement and free vertical method used for testing filters against solid aerosols.
movement.
Each test shall be made with 3 specimens.
A-2.2.2 After the test any loose material that may
A-4.2 Sodium Chloride Test
have been released from the filter shall be removed
prior to the performance testing. The test rig An aerosol of sodium chloride particles is generated
shall be operated at the rate of approximately by atomizing an aqueous solution of the salt
3
IS 15322 : 2003
and evaporating the water. The concentration of when there is no flow through the sample tube.
this aerosol is measured before and after the filter
under the test by means of flame photometry. A-4.2.1.6 The hydrogen burner, which gives a flame
Accurate determinations are possible in the range symmetrical about the vertical axis, is surrounded by
< 0.000 01 percent to 100 percent filter penetration. a heat proof glass tube. This tube has to be optically
homogeneous to minimize the effect on the light
A-4.2.1 Apparatus transmitted by the flame.
A-4.2.1.1 The apparatus is shown in Fig. 2. The aerosol A-4.2.1.7 Sodium chloride particles in air passing
is generated using a collison atomizer filled with through the flame tube are vaporized giving the
a 1 percent solution of sodium chloride. The atomizer, characteristic sodium emission at 589 nm. The intensity
which is shown in Fig. 3, consists of a glass reservoir of this emission is proportional to the concentration
into which is sealed an atomizer head having three of sodium in the air flow.
spray nozzles. Air is supplied to the atomizer at a
pressure of 3.45 bar and the resulting liquid spray A-4.2.1.S The intensity of the light emitted by the
impinges on a baffle which removes the large particles. flame is measured using a photomultiplier tube. To
The particles which do not impact are removed in the separate the sodium emission from background light
air flow and, on mixing with dry air, the water evaporates of other wavelengths a narrow band interference filter
leaving a dry sodium chloride aerosol. with appropriate sideband filters is used. This filter
should preferably have a half-peak band width of not
A-4.2.1.2 _The aerosol produced by this method is more than 5 nm.
polydisperse with a mass median particle diameter of
approximately 0.6 Ilm. The particle size distribution A-4.2.1.9 As the photomultiplier output is only
is given in Fig. 4. It has been found that the aerosol proportional to the incident light over a relatively small
remains constant, within acceptable limits, with respect range, high light intensities are attenuated by neutral
to particle size and concentration provided that density filters. These filters are accurately calibrated
the supply pressure is in the range of 3.31-3.59 in conjunction with the interference filter in use and
bar and the flow rate of air to the three nozzles is so the actual light intensity can be calculated from
12.5-13.0 lImin. The output is mixed with 82 lImin of the output of the photomultiplier. The signal from
dry air giving a total flow of95 l/min. the photomultiplier is amplified and displayed on a
meter or chart recorder.
A-4.2.1.3 The salt solution in the atomizer is consumed
at a rate of approximately 15 m lIh. This loss is due in A-4.2.1.10 Calibration of the flame photometer will
part to the atomization of the solution and in part to depend on the detailed design of the instrument and
evaporation of water from the reservoir. The volume the manufacturers instructions should be followed if
ofthe reservoir is such that the change in concentration reliable results are to be obtained. In general, however,
and loss in volume of the solution during an 8 h period the methods which may be used are: multiple dilution
will not cause an appreciable change in the of the aerosol dilution of the atomizer solution or a
characteristics of the test aerosol. combination of both. If aerosol or solutions dilution
is used alone the lower calibration limit is approximately
A-4.2.1.4 The sodium chloride aerosol is analyzed two orders of magnitude higher than the ultimate
before and after the filter under test by flame photometry. sensitivity of the instrument.
The photometer used for this analysis can be any
suitable instrument having the required sensitivity, A-4.2.1.11 Where a photomultiplier with attenuating
however, a photometer specially designed to meet these filters is used for detection this is unimportant as the
requirements is available. The instrument is hydrogen photomultiplier measures a constant range of light
flame photometer. The hydrogen burner is housed levels over the entire range for the instrument and
in a vertical flame tube which opens at its lower end the values of the attenuating filters are known and
into the sample tube through which the aerosol to be invariable. Hence the calibration curve is linear at
analyzed flows. The flow of aerosol to the flame is low concentrations and can safely be extrapolated to
controlled by convection and is held constant with a the lower values. The upper limit of linearity of the
bleed valve. calibration curve is approximately 0.12 mg/m3 due to
re-absorption of light within the flame. Non-linear
A-4.2.1.5 A small quantity of filtered air is fed calibration is possible above this point up to
continuously into the sample tube downstream of the approximately 15 mg/m3. Where other detectors are
inlet to the flame tube. The function ofthis supply is used this may not be the case and a combination
to prevent room air, which may contain considerable technique would be required to reach the ultimate
quantities of sodium salts, from reaching the burner sensitivity.
4
IS 15322: 2003
K
s·
>20
~
--f--t -----
All dimensions in millimetres.
FIG. 1 TEST EQUIPMENT FOR TEST OF MECHANICAL STRENGTH
AEROSOL
TEST
MEASURING
AEROSOL
GENERATOR APPARATUS
AIR FILTER
FIG. 2 ApPARATUS FOR SODIUM CHLORIDE TEST
5
IS 15322 : 2003
Glass screw top jar
2 Nozzle
3 Fibre washer
4.5 mm external diameter
2.0 mm internal diameter
0.8 mm thickness
4 Sleeve
5 Stem
6 Rubber gasket
7 Head
8 Rubber gasket
25.0 mm external diameter
10.0 mm internal diameter
1.5 mm thickness
Seals to be airtight
9 Nut
10 Screw cap
FIG. 3 ATOMIZER
NaCI TEST AEROSOL
-
SIZE DISTRIBUTION PRODUCED BY
ATOMIZING 1% NaCI sol, at 3.45 bar
I I I
Q,o I I
~
i 1,0
Q. ..- '-"'" ..,
U I
IV 1 I " ./
Z I I I ~
oU. " I'
...J I /' I /'
oct
oZ v~Ci;,C ;,v ~~
C> ~:~~
ooct V
.....
wV) ./
~ 0,1 ,
o '
...J /: I
rr" '" /
~
~ ~."
0,01
o,0 1 O,C15 0,2 0.5 , 2 5 \0 20 30 40 60 70 ao 90 95 98 99 91,81 99, 99
0,1 50 99,9
PERCENTAGE BELOW STATED SIZE %
FIG.4 PARTICLE S,ZE DISTRIBUTION
6