IS 15172: Methods for Testing Tar and Bituminous Materials -- Determination of Curing Index for Cutback Bitumens

12 Pages·2002·1.2 MB·English

by  Bureau of Indian Standards

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IS 15172 (2002): Methods for Testing Tar and Bituminous
Materials -- Determination of Curing Index for Cutback
Bitumens [PCD 6: Bitumen Tar and their Products]
“!ान $ एक न’ भारत का +नम-ण”
Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
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IS 15172:2002
wi7=#4m

Indian Standard
METHODS FOR TESTING TAR AND
BITUMINOUS MATERIALS — DETERMINATION OF
CURING lNDEX FOR CUTBACK BITUMENS
Ics 75.140

0 BIS2002
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002

August 2002 Price Group 3
Bitumen, Tar and Their Products Sectional Committee, PCD 6
FOREWORD
This Indian Standard was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards after the draft finalized by the Bitumen,
Tar and Their Products Sectional Committee, had been approved by the Petroleum, Coal and Related Products
Division Council.
Cut-back bitumens areblended bydissolving penetration gradebitumens inpetroleum oilslikenaphtha, kerosene
oil or heavy petroleum oils. The function of these oils is to offer temporary fluidity for ease of construction
operation. After the construction, the oils evaporate indue course of time leaving behind the original bitumen.
Thus the quantity of oil present and the penetration of the residual bitumen are of paramount importance.
Immediately after theconstruction, thebasic questions before the engineer areasto how long will ittake forthe
oil to evaporate and what restrictions have to be imposed on traffic speed to prevent dislodgement of stones
under the action of traffic.
Distillation test offers quick and easy means of knowing the quantity ofoilpresent inthe cutback and the time
for evaporation of these oils can also be computed if the vapour pressure of oil fractions distilling at various
temperatures is known. The cumulative evaporation time so computed is known as curing index. A cutback
bitumen isdeemed to have cured out when itsfloat test values at 50“Creaches 120s.
In reporting the results of a test or analysis in accordance with this standard, if the final value, observed or
calculated, istoberounded off, itshallbedone inaccordance withIS2: 1960‘Rulesfor rounding offnumerical
values (revised)’.
The Composition of the committee responsible for formulation of this standard isgiven in Annex A .
IS 15172:2002
Indian Standard
METHODS FOR TESTING TAR AND
BITUMINOUS MATERIALS — DETERMINATION
OF CURING INDEX FOR CUTBACK BITUMENS
1 SCOPE 4.3 Thermometer, of high distillation range, total
immersion type having arange of -2°C to 400”C.
This standard covers the methods for determination
of curing index of cutback bitumens. 4.4 Condenser, conforming to 3.1.3 of IS 1213.
4.5 Adapter, conforming to 3.1.4 of IS 1213.
2NORMATIVE REFERENCES
4.6 Shield, conforming to 3.1.5 of IS 1213.
“1’hefollowing standards contain provisions which,
through reference inthis text, constitute provisions of 4.7 Crow Receiver, conforming to 3.1.6 of IS 1213.
this standard. At the time of publication, the editions
4.8Residue Container, conformingto3.1.7ofIS 1213.
indicatedarevalid.Allstandardsaresubjecttorevision
and parties to agreements based on this standard are
5 PROCEDURE
encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying
the most recent editions of the standards indicated 5.1Indeveloping thetestprocedure, thetime inhours
below: required forthecutback bitumen residue tobereduced
to thecured out point isdetermined by mixing 12.8g
1SNo. Title
of the cutback material with 200 g of a standard dry
334:2002 Glossaryoftermsrelatingtobitumen
aggregate at 60”C. The mixture is then placed in a
and tar (third revision)
revolving shelf oven and held at60”C until cured out
1211:1978 Methods for testing tar and
point is reached. The mixture is removed from the
bituminous materials:Determination
ovenandweighed fromtimetotime.Thecuring curve
of losson heating (jht revision)
isobtained by plotting the percent loss by volume in
3 TERMINOLOGY the cutback, against the time using the following
For the purpose of this standard the definitions given equation to calculate the percent 10SSby volume:
in IS 334, inaddition to the following shall apply.
100(L,) Vc
Lti =
3.1 Curing Index M(lOO–A)

Curing index is a test procedure wh ich indicates in
where
numerical terms the comparative rate of curing of
cutback bitumen under standard conditions. The Lv, = loss by volume in time t,percent of total
procedure enables one to make a much closer cutback;
comparison of the rate of cure of cutback bitumens Vc = percent volatile by volume in cutback to
than ispossible by the use of distillation test results. 360”C asdetermined by standard distilla-
tion test;
3.2 Cured Out Point
A= percent bitumen bymass incutback when
Field experience indicates that the cold mix asphaltic distilled to 360”C;
concrete using RC-3 shall be considered cured out
L, = mass loss of volatile in time t;and
when not more than 0.4 percent by mass of volatiles
m= mass of cutback bitumen used in the
and/or water remained inthemixture. Theconsistency
mixture.
of RC-3 residue to above volatile content is found
Curing curves of the cutback RC-1, RC-2 and RC-3
average about 120s floattestat50°C.Thisconsistency
are shown in Fig.1 and Fig. 2. The dotted lines in
is considered as the cured out point for all cutback
Fig. 3 refers to volatile loss during mixing known as
bitumens.
‘flash off’.
4APPARATUS
5.2 Since the oven curing procedure is rather time
4.1 Oven, conforming to 3.1 of IS 1212. consuming, the following method is developed for
predicting the curing curve of Fig. 1and Fig. 2 with
4.2Distillation Flask, conforming to3.1.1of1S1213.
good accuracy and for determining the time required

1
IS 15172:2002
FIG. 1CONSISTENCY CURVES — RC CUTBACKS
CURED LINE
140
/ /
120 -
100
80 -
/
/ /
60
5
Lu 40 -
1-
2
0
-u1 2d
i’,
:1
;:.
-1 1 10 15 20 25 30
705

TIME IN HOURS
FIG. 2 CURING CURVES — RC CUTBACKS
y
— DETERMINATION BY CALCULATION
~ - DETERMINATION BY TEST ~
#-
* $
/’ /
/ 0
PJ
~
%!
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
~
TIME IN HOURS
g
FIG. 3 EVAPORATION — RC CUTBACKS

2
IS 15172 .“2002
toreduce theresidue tothecured outpoint (float value P = vapour pressures from Cox chart
of 120 s at 50°C). The necessary information is the
Table 1Values of 10/MP for given
percent loss of volatiles at the cured out point (or the
Cutback Boiling Point Interval
entire curve of Fig. 1of percent volatile loss against
float test time if the entire curve isto be determined) (Clauses 5.3.4 and 6.2)
and the result of the standard distillation test showing BoilingPoint Value of BoilingPoint Value of
total percentage of distillate off by volume to 160”C, Inter;d, “C lo/MP Intern-al,“C 10IMP
175°C, 225”C, 260”C, 315°C and 360°C in addition (1) (2) (1) (2)
to initial boiling point temperature. 93-160 0.05 249-260 7.95
99-160 0.08 254-260 8.90
5.3Theprocedure isresumedforestablishingthecuring 104-160 0.09 Intermediatecut
index of cutback bitumens asgiven in 5.3.1 to 5.3.4. 110-160 0.10 160-175 0.30
116-160 0.11 175-190 0.51
5.3.1 Run regular distillation test in accordance with 121-160 0.13 190-225 1,30
127-160 0.14 225-232 4,46
IS 1212including determination ofinitialboilingpoint.
132-160 0.16 232-316 26.00
5.3.2 Run partial distillation taking off 50 percent, 138-160 0.18 Finalcuts
143-160 0.20 225-232 2.90
70percent and 85percentofthetotaldistillateto”360°C
149-160 0.23 225-238 3.25
as determined by the standard distillation test. Partial 154-160 0.25 225-243 3.39
distillations are run according to IS 1212 with the 160-175 0.30 225-249 3.57
166-175 0.34 225-254 3.97
exception that the residue is allowed to partially cool
171-175 0,36 225-260 4.46
(10min to 15rein) inthe flask before pouring up. 177-190 0.52 260-260 11.10
!82- 190 0.58 260-271 12.20
5.3.3Foreachresidue fromthepartialevaporationtests, 193-225 1.05 260-277 13,30
determine the float value at 50”C. Plot the curve 199-225 1.63 260-282 3.80
showing the relationship between the percentage 204-225 1.81 260-288 15.60
210-225 1.95 260-293 17.20
distillate by volume and the float test of residue. By 216-225 2.16 260-299 19.40
interpolation, find the cured out distillate loss 221-225 2.35 260-304 21.70
corresponding to 120s float. 227-260 5.10 260-310 24.10
232-260 5.10 260-316 26.00
5.3.4 Using the values given in Table 1,calculate the 238-260 6.50 316-32/ 91.00
curing index value in accordance with the method 243-260 7.15 316-327 106.00
illustrated.
6 CALCULATION Example — The determination of curing index by
calculation proceeds asfollows:
6.1 The percentage of each material (Ax) boiling
betweenanytwosuccessivetempe ratures isconsidered ForRC-2, acured outpoint floattestof 120s isshown

as a separate liquid with average v a pour pressure Px at 16.8percent distillate offbyvolume. Thedistillation
andaverage molecular weight Mx. Then itisfoundthat test gives the following results:
the time increment trequired for evaporation of this
Temperature Percent of Total
fraction shall be obtained by the equation. The total
“c Cutback ofiby Volume
time(T)required fortheevaporation ofallthefractions
145 Initial point
up to any given temperature shall be expressed by
160 1.0
Equation 1:
175 3.0
_ KA, KA. KA.
...(1) 190 5.8
225 13.4
6.2 For each fraction, the average molecular weights 260 17.5
are determined and the average vapour pressure is 315 19.0
determined at 60”C. The value of K is determined by 340 20.5
correlating the values from thetest evaporation curves
By interpolation, the cured out temperature at which
and calculated cures to have avalue of 10.The values
16.8percent by volume has distilled over is found to
of K/MP = 10/MP are shown in Table 1 for various
boiling points intervals from 93°C to 327”C. 16.8–13.4
where be 225+ 17.4–13.4 ‘260–225)0r225‘29”0’254
or 255 rounded off tothe nearest multiple of 5“C.
M= estimated average molecular weights of
hydrocarbons distillate in temperature
range shown

3
IS 15172:2002
ThecuringindexisthencalculatedusingtheEquation2, index/curing rate of cutback bitumens has been
and the values given inTable 1, explained for RC and MC grades above. For other
type of bitumens, the recommended values of curing
index are given inTable 2
Table 2 Recommended Values of Curing Index
Boiling Increment Value A,. != T= ZA,
Point Percent
of Y?_ MP Material Curing Index,
Interval, Distillate Mp
h
“c inInterval,
(1) (2)
x
RC-3 12
145-160 1.0 0.20 0.20 0.20 Bitumen80/100+6.5percentkeroseneoil o
160-175 2.0 0.30 0.60 0.80 Bitumen80/100+10percentkeroseneoil 14
Bitumen80/100+ 14.5percentkeroseneoil 27
175-190 2.8 0.51 1.43 2.23
190-225 7.6 1.30 9.88 12.11
225-260 3.4 3.97 13.50 25.61
7.2 A curing index of 25 h to 40 h is considered
adequate for general use of asphaltic concrete. For
Curing index is 26 h, the nearest whole number,
surface dressing work, a curing index of about 15h
gives best results.
7 RECOMMENDATION FOR SPECIFYING
CURING INDEX
7.1 The need for accurately controlling the curing

4
/
IS i5172: 2002
ANNEX A
(Foreword)
COMMITTEE COMPOSITION
Bitumen, Tar and Their Products Sectional Committee, PCD 6
Organization Representative(s)
CentralRoadResearchInstitute,NewDelhi PKOFP.K.SIKOAR(Chairman)
SHRISUNILBOSE(Aliernate 1)
DRP.K.JAJN(Alternate 11)
BharatPetroleumCorporationLimited,Mumbai SHIUJ.A.JANAJ
DRNOBLEGEORGE(Alferrra[e)
BuildingMaterialsandTechnologyPromotionCouncil,NewDelhi SHIUR.K.CELLY
SHRIB.ANILKUMAR(Alternate)
CentralPublicWorksDepartment,NewDelhi SUPERINTENDINEGNGINEER
EXECUTIVEENGINEER(Akemate)
CentralFuelResearchInstitute,Dhanbad DRSHRIMATAI.BHATTACHARYA
SHRIU.BHATTACHARY(AAhemate)
CochinRefineriesLimited,Cochin SHRIV.PAILY
SHRIR.VENUGOPAL(Alternate)
DrUppal’sTestingandAnalyticalLaboratory,Ghaziabad SHRIR.S.SHUKLA
DurgapurProjectsLimited,Durgapur DRH. S.SARKAR
DirectorateGeneralofSuppliesandDisposals,NewDelhi DIRECTOR
DirectorateGeneralofBorderRoads,NewDelhi StiruS.S.PORWAL
SHRIA.K.GUPTA(Alternate)
Engineer-in-ChiefsBranch,ArmyHeadQuarters,NewDelhi COLV. K.P.SJNGH
LT-COLR.S.BHANWALA(Alternate)
HighwayResearchStation,Chennai DIRECTOR
DEPUTYDIRSCTOR(Alternate)
HindustanPetroleumCorporationLimited,Mumbai SHRJS.K.BHATNAGAR
SHRIA.S.PRABHAKAR(Alternate)
HindustanColasLimited,Mumbii SHRIP.RAJENnRAN
SHIUH.PADMANABHAN(Af/emare)
IndianInstituteofPetroleum,Dehradun SHRIU.C.GUPTA
SHRIMOHDANWAR(Alternate)

IndianOilCorporationLimited(MarketingDivision),Mumbai SHRIR.S.SISGOIA

SHRIPRSMKUMAR(Alfernafe)
IndianOilCorporationLimited[(R&D) Centre],Faridabad SHRJB.R.TYAGI
SHRMI .P.KALA(Alternate)
IndianOilCorporation(R&P), NewDelhi SHRIU.K.BASU
SHRSI.K.PRASAD(Alternate)
IndianRoadsCongress,NewDelhi SHRIK. B.RAJORIA
SHRIA.V.SINHA(Alternate)
LloydInsulations(India)Limited,NewDelhi SHRIMOHITKHANNA
SHRIK. K. MITRA(Akernaie)
MinistryofSurfaceTransport(Deptiment ofSurfaceTransport),NewDelhi SHRIC.C.BHAnACHARYA
SHRIS.P.SINGH(Alternate)
MinistryofDefence(DGQA),NewDelhi SHRIK.H.GANDHI
SHIUA. K.SINHA(A/[ernate)
MadrasRefineryLimited,Chennai SHRIM.S.SHAYAMSUNDER
SHIUB.SAIRAM(Alternate)
NationalTestHouse,Kolkata SHRIA. K.CHAKRABORTY
SHRIS.K.AGARWAL(Alternate)
NationalBuildingOrganization,NewDelhi SHRIA. K.LAL
SHRIA.G.DHONGAOE(Altemafe)
(Conlinued onpage 6)

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