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इंटरनेट मानक Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority, and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public. “जान1 का अ+धकार, जी1 का अ+धकार” “प0रा1 को छोड न’ 5 तरफ” Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan Jawaharlal Nehru “The Right to Information, The Right to Live” “Step Out From the Old to the New” IS 1500 (2005): Method for Brinell Hardness Test for Metallic Materials [MTD 3: Mechanical Testing of Metals] “!ान $ एक न’ भारत का +नम-ण” Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda ““IInnvveenntt aa NNeeww IInnddiiaa UUssiinngg KKnnoowwlleeddggee”” “!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता हहहहै””ै” Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam “Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen” IS 1500:2005 ISO 6506-1:1999 Wriih qll* Indian Standard METHOD FOR BRINELL HARDNESS TEST FOR METALLIC MATERIALS ( Third Revision) ICs 77.040.10 BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG NEW DELHI 110002 I August 2005 Price Group 7 ,.. Mechanical Testing of Metals Sectional Committee, MTD 3 NATIONAL FOREWORD This Indian Standard ( Third Revision ) which is identical with ISO 6506-1 : 1999 ‘Metallic materials — Brinell hardness test — Part 1 :Test method’ issued by the International Organization for Standardization ( ISO )was adopted bythe Bureau of Indian Standards on the recommendations of the Mechanical Testing of Metals Sectional Committee and approval o-fthe Metallurgical Engineering Division Council. This standard was originally published in1959 and subsequently revised in 1968 and 1983. This revision ofthe standard has been taken up to align itwith ISO 6506-1 :1999 by adoption under dual numbering system. Inthis revision, the use of steel balls have been discontinued infavour ofcarbide balls, to bring itinline with the International practice. Inthe adopted standard, some terminology and conventions are, however, not identical tothose used in Indian Standards. Attention is especially drawn to the following: a) Wherever the words ‘International Standard’ appear referring tothis standard, they should be as read as ‘Indian Standard’. b) Comma ( ,) has been used as a decimal marker while in Indian Standards, the current practice is to use a point ( . ) as the decimal marker. In this adopted standard, reference appears to the following International Standard for which Indian Standard also exists. The corresponding Indian Standard which isto be substituted inits place is listed below along with its degree of equivalence for the edition indicated: International Standard Corresponding tndian Standard Degree of Equivalence ISO 6506-2 : 1999 Metallic IS 2281 : 2005 Method for Identical materials — Brinell hardness verification of Brinell hardness test — Part 2 : Verification and testing machines ( third revision ) calibration of testing machines The concerned Technical Committee has reviewed the provisions ofthe following International Standard referred inthis adopted standard and has decided that this isacceptable for use inconjunction with this standard: International Standard Title ISO 4498-1 Sintered metal materials, excluding hardmetals — Determination ofapparent hardness — Part 1: Materials of essentially uniform section hardness In reporting the results of a test or analysis made in accordance with this standard, ifthe final value, observed or calculated, isto be rounded off, itshall be done in accordance with IS 2:1960 ‘Rules for rounding off numerical values ( revised )’. IS 1500:2005 ISO 6506L~ :1999 Indian Standard METHOD FOR BRINELL HARDNESS TEST FOR METALLIC MATERIALS ( Third Revision) 1 Scope This part of ISO 6506 specifies the method forthe Brinell hardness test for metallic materials and isapplicable up tothe limitof650 HBW. For specific materials and/or products, particular International Standards exist (i.e. ISO 4498-l). 2 Normative references The followingnormative documents contain provisionswhich, through reference inthistext,constitute provisionsofthis part of ISO 6506. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any ofthese publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on thispart of ISO 6506 are encouraged to investigate the possibilityof applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currentlyvalid International.Standards. ISO 4498-1, Sintered metal materials, excluding hardmetals — Determination of apparent hardness — Pati 1:, Materials of essentially uniform section hardness. ISO 6506-2:1999, A4eta//ic materiak — Brine/l hardness test — Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines, 3 Principles An indenter (hardmetal ball with diameter D) is forced into the surface of a test piece and the diameter of the indentation d left inthe surface after removal ofthe force F is measured. The Brinell hardness isproportional to the quotientobtained by dividing the test force bythe curved surface area of the indentation. The indentation isassumed to be spherical with a radius corresponding to halfof the diameter of the ball. 4 Symbols and designations See Figure 1and Table 1. IS 1500:2005 ,.\, ISO 6506-1 : 1999 I F A 0 0 @ Ud, Figure 1— Principle of test Table 1— Symbols and designations Symbol Designation Unit D Diameteroftheball mm F Testforce N d Meandiameteroftheindentation mm ~=dj+dt ( 2 ) d,, dz Indentationdiametersmeasuredat90” mm h Depthofindentation mm . D-~~ 2 HBW Brinellhardness Testforce = Constantx Surfaceareaofindentation 2F = 0,102 x xDD– t/n ( ) 0,102x FtD2 force-diameterratio N/mm2 NOTE 1 Constant. ~ = —— = 0,102 gn 9,80665 gn=accelerationdue togravity 2 Is 1500:2005 ISO 6506-~: 1999 4.1 The Brinell hardness isdenotedby HBW. NOTE Informerstandards,incases whenasteelballhadbeen used,theBrinellhardnesswasdenotedbyHBorHBS. 4.2 The letters HBW are preceded by the hardness value and supplemented by an index indicating the test conditions inthe order: a) the diameter ofthe ball, inmillimetres; b) a figure representing the test-force (see Table 2); c) the duration ofapplication oftest force, inseconds, ifdifferent from the specified time(see 7.5). EXAMPLE 1 350 HBW5/750 = Brinellhardness of 350 determinedwitha ball of 5mm diameter and with a test force of 7,355 kN applied for10s to 15 s. EXAMPLE2 600 HBW 1/30/20 = Brinellhardnessof 600 determinedwitha ballof 1mm diameter and witha testforceof 294,2 Nappliedfor20s. 5 Testing machine 5.1 Testing machine, capable of applying a predetermined test force or forces within the range of 9,807 N to 29,42 kN inaccordance with ISO 6506-2. 5.2 Indenter, a polished hardmetal ball, as specified intSO 6506-2. 5.3 Measuring device, as specified in ISO 6506-2. NOTE Asuggestedprocedureforperiodic checksbytheuserisgiven inannex A. 6 Tes-t piece 6.1 The test shall be carried out on a surface which issmooth and even, free from oxide scale, foreignmatter and, inparticular, free from lubricants. The test piece shall have a surface finishthat will allow an accurate measurement ofthe diameter ofthe indentation. 6.2 Preparation shall be carried out in s uch a way that any alteration of the surface, for example due to heat- or cold-working, isminimized. 6.3 The “thicknessof the test piece shall be at least eight times the depth of indentation. Values for the minimum thickness ofthetest piece inrelation tothe mean diameter of indentation are given inannex B. Visible deformation at the back ofthe test piece can indicate that the test piece istoo thin. 7 Procedure 7.1 In general, the test isto be cawiid out at ambient temperature within the limitsof 10 “C to 35 “C. Tests carried out under controlled conditions shall be made at a temperature of (23 * 5) ‘C. 7.2 The test forces given inTable 2 shall be used. 7.3 The test force shall be chosen so that the diameter of the indentation d lies between the values 0,24 D and 0,6 D. The force-diameter ratio (0,102x F/D2) shall be chosen according tothe material and the hardness test as indicated inTable 3. 3 IS 1500:2005 ,..,, Is-() 6506-1 :1999 Inorder totest the largest representative area ofthe test piece, the diameter ofthetesting ball shall be chosen to be as large-as possible. When the thickness ofthe test piece permits, a 10 mm diameter ball ispreferred. 7.4 The test piece shall be placed on a rigid support. The contact surfaces shall be clean and free from foreign matter (scale, oil, dift, etc). It is impodant that the test piece lie firmly on the supportso that displacement cannot occur during the test. 7.5 Bring the indenter into contact with the test surface and apply the test force ina direction perpendicular to the surface, without shock, vibration or overrun, untilthe applied force attains the specified value. The time from the initial application of force to the time the full test force is reached shall not be less than 2s nor greater than.8s. Maintain the test force for 10s to 15s. For certain materials, where a longer dwell time is required; this time shall be applied with a tolerance of~ 2s. 7.6 Throughout the test, the testing machine shall be protected from significant shock or vibration which can influence the test result. 7.7 The distance from the edge ofthe test piece tothe centre of each indentation shall be a minimum of two and a half times the mean indentation diameter. The distance between the centres of two adjacent indentations shall be at least three times the mean indentation diameter. Table 2 — Test forces for the different testing conditions Hardness symbol Balldiameter Force-diameter Nominal value of ratio test force D 0,102x F/@ F mm N/mm2 N HBW 10/3000 10 30 29420 - HBW 10/1500 10 15 14710 HBW10/1000 10 10 9807 HBW 10/500 10 5 4903 HEW 10/250 10 2,5 2452 HBW 10/100 10 1 980,7 HBW5/750 5 30 7355 HBW5/250 5 10 2452 HBW5/125 5 5 1226 HBW5/62,5 5 2,5 612,9 HBW5/25 5 1 245,2 HBW2,5/187,5 2,5 30 1839 HBW2,5162,5 2,5 10 612,9 HBW2,5/31,25 2,5 5 306,5 HBW2,5/15,625 2,5 2,5 153,2 HBW2,5/6,25 2,5 1 61,29 HBW 1/30 1 30 294,2 HBW 1/10 1 10 98,07 HBW 1/5 1 5 49,03 HBW 1/2,5 1 2,5 24,52 HBW 1/1 1 1 9,607 4 IS 1500:2005 ISO 65064 :1999 Table 3 — The force-diameter ratio for different metallic materials Material Brinell hardness Force-diameter ratio HBW 0,102x F/@ N/mm2 Steel - Nickelalloys I I 30 Titaniumalloys <140 Cast irons I I 10 > 140 30 I <35 I 5 Copperandcopperalloys I 35 to200 I 10 I >200 I 30 I <35 2,5 I 5 Lightmetals and their alloys 35 to80 10 15 10 >80 15 Lead,tin I I 1 I Srnteredmetal See ISO 4498-1 a Forthe testingof cast iron the nominal diameter ofthe ball shall be 2,5 mm, 5 mmor 10mm. 7.8 Measure the diameter of each indentation in two directions perpendicular to each other. The arithmetic mean ofthe two readings shall be taken forthe calculation ofthe Brinell hardness. NOTE Forsometestingmachines,thefollowingshouldbeused: — theaverageofagreaternumberofsymmetricallyplacedmeasurements; — anassessmentoftheprojectedindenta tionareaintothematerialsurface. 7.9 Table C.1 (see annex C) contains calculation tables which shall be used to determine the Brineil hardness for tests on flat surfaces. 8 Uncertainty of the results The uncertainty of results isdependent on various parameters which maybe separated intotwo categories: a) parameters dependent on the Brinell hardness testing machine (including the uncertainty of-the verification of the testing machine and on the calibration ofthe reference blocks); b) parameters dependent onthe application ofthe test method (variation ofthe operating conditions). NOTE A compteteevaluation of the uncertaintyshouldbe carried out accordingto the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in A4easurernent[11.Indicative values ofthe extended uncertainty at a confidence level of 95 canbetakentobe ‘X. equaltothemaximumpermissibleerrorgiven inTablr+ 2 ofISO 6506-2:1999.