IS 14902-2: Performance of High-Voltage d.c. (HVDC) Systems, Part 2: Faults and Switching

85 Pages·2001·4.2 MB·English

by  Bureau of Indian Standards

इंटरनेट मानक
Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information
Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to
information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities,
in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority,
and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest
to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of
education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the
timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.
“जान1 का अ+धकार, जी1 का अ+धकार” “प0रा1 को छोड न’ 5 तरफ”
Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan Jawaharlal Nehru
“The Right to Information, The Right to Live” “Step Out From the Old to the New”
IS 14902-2 (2001): Performance of High-Voltage d.c. (HVDC)
Systems, Part 2: Faults and Switching [ETD 40: HVDC Power
Systems]
“!ान $ एक न’ भारत का +नम-ण”
Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
““IInnvveenntt aa NNeeww IInnddiiaa UUssiinngg KKnnoowwlleeddggee””
“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता हहहहै””ै”
Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam
“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”

IS 14902 (Part 2) :2001
IEC 60919-2 (1991)
a.a. a * a
G=?-a?mr (q? #t) WJma
WhmaT
w12*q@RfwT
Indian Standard
PERFORMANCE OF HIGH-VOLTAGE d.c. (HVDC)
SYSTEMS
PART 2 FAULTS AND SWITCHING
ICS 29.200; 29.240.99

G BIS 2001
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN,9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAF/iR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002
Price Rs 450.00
January 2001
HighVoltage DirectCurrent PowerSystemsSectionalCommhtee,ET 40
NATIONAL FOREWORD
This Indian Standard (Part 2) which is identicalwith IEC 60919-2 (1991) ‘Performance of high-
voltage d.c. (HVDC) systems — Part 2 : Faults and. switching’ issued by the International
Electrotechnical Commission (lEC) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards on the
recommendation of the HighVoltage DirectCurrent PowerSystems Sectional Committee (ET 40)
and approvalof the ElectrotechnicalDivisiin Council.
This International Standard isone of the series, whiih deals withperformanceof HVDC systems.
The Number of this IEC Publication[whichwas earlier IEC 919-2 (1991)] stands redesignated by
IEC as mentionedabove.
The series comprisesthe followingIEC standards:
PublicationNo. Title
IEC 60919-1 (1988) Performanceof HVDC systems— Part 1 :Steady-state conditions
IEC 60919-2 (1991) Performanceof HVDC systems— Part2: Faultsand switching
IEC 60919-3 (1999) Performanceof HVDC systems— Part3: Dynamicconditions
This standard (Part 2) being identicalwithIEC 60919-2 isto be readwithIS 14902 (Part 1) :2000.
Part 3 of this standardaligningwithIEC 60919-3 willbe taken up indue course.
Certain conventionsare, however,notidenticaltothoseusedinlndian.Standards. Attentionisdrawn
particularlyto the following:
a) Wherever the words‘InternationalStandard’appear referringto this standard,they shouldbe
read as ‘IndianStandard’;and
b) Comma (,) hasbeen usedas a decimalmarkerwhileinIndiin Standards,the currentpractice
isto use a point(.) as the decimal marker.
Only the English text of the IEC Publicationhas been retained while adopting it in this Indian
Standard, and as suchthe page numbersgivenhereare notthe same as in IEC Publiition.

CROSS REFERENCES

In this adopted Standard, reference appears to certain InternationalStandards for which Indian
Standards also exist[(see also(Part 1)ofthisstandard)].The correspondingIndianStandardswhiih
are to be substitutedintheirrespectiveplacesare listedbelowalongwiththe latestIEC Pubtiitions,
besides givingthe degree of equivalence:
IEC Pub Latest /EC Tit/eof the Corresponding Tit/eof Indkm Degree of
No. with Pub No. with Latest IEC IndkmStanokrd StandWd Equkdence
Ymr Y=r Publication
Referred to
71-1:1976 60071-1 Insulationco- 2165 (Part 1): Insulationco- Not
(1993) ordination— 1977 ordination: equivalent
Part 1: Part 1 Phase
Definitions, to earth
principlesand insulationcO-
rules ordination,
principlesand
rules
(Continuedon thirdcqver)
IS 14902 (Part 2):2001
IEC 60919-2(1991)
Page
clause
1 General ........................................................................................................................................... 5
1.1 scope ................................................................................................................................. 5
1.2 Normativereferences ........................................................................................... 5
‘6
2 Outlineof HVDC transientperformancespedfications............................................................
16
2.1 Transient performancespedfications ...........................................................................
7
2.2 General comment ............................................................................................................
7
3 Switchingtransientswithoutfaults .............................................................................................
z
3.1 Generai ..............................................................................................................................
7
3.2 Energizationandde-energization ofa.c. sideequipment ........................................
10
3.3 Load rejeotion ...................................................................................................................
11
3.4 Start-up andshut-down ofconvertorunits.................................................................
11
3.5 Operationofd.c. breakersandd.c switches ..............................................................
15
4 A.C. systemfaults..............................................................................................................
4.1 Generai ............................................."............................................................................... 15
4.2 Faultcategories ...............................................................................................................- 15

15
4.3 Speafication mattersaffectingtransientpefformanoe ...............................................

21
4.4 Speafication impactoncontroi strategy ......................................................................
5 A.C. filters,reactivepowerequipmentand a.c. busfaults .................................................... “22
5.1 Generai .............................................................................................................................. 22
5.2 Transientovervoitagesinfiiterbanks ........................................................................... 22
5.3 Transient overcurrentsinfilterandcapadtor banks .................................................. 23
5.4 Capadtor unbalanceprotection..................................................................................... 24
5.5 Examplesofprotectionoffiltersandoapadtor banks ............................................... 24
5.6 Shuntreactorprotection ................................................................................................. 26
5.7 A.C. busprotection .......................................................................................................... 26
6 Conve~or unitfaults....................................................................................................................... 31
6.1 Generai .............................................................................................................................. 31
6.2 Types ofconvertorunitfautts ......................................................................................... 31
6.3 Shofi drctdits..................................................................................................................... 3i

6.4 Faiiureofconvertorunittoperformitsintendedfunction .......................................... 32
1
IS 14902( Part 2 ) :2001
IEC 60919-2 (1991)
clause Page
6.5 Convertorunitprotection ............................................................................................... 33
6.6 Additionalprotectionaspeotsofseffesconnectedconvertorunits......................... 35
6.7 . Additionalprotectionaspectsofparallelconnectedconvwlor units........................ 36
7 D.C. reactor,d.c.filterandotherd.c.equipmentfaults ........................................................... 39
7.1 Generai .............................................................................................................................. 39
7.2 Faulttypes ......................................................................................................................... 39
7.3 Protectionzones .............................................................................................................. 39
39
7.4 Neutralprotection.............................................................................................................
7.5 D.C. reactorprotection.................................................................................................... 41
7.6 D.C. harmonk filterprotection ....................................................................................... 41
7.7 D.C. harmonicprotection................................................................................................ 42
7.8 D.C. overvoltageprotection............................................................................................ 42
7,9 D.C. sideswitchingprotection ....................................................................................... 43
8 D.C. finefaults................................................................................................................................. 46
46
8,1 Overhead linefaults ........................................................................................................
8,2 Cable faults ....................................................................................................................... 47
8,3 D.C. faultcharacteristics................................................................................................. 47
8.4 Functionald.c.faultdetectionrequirements................................................................ 47
47
8.5 Protectivesequence ........................................................................................................
8.6 Faultprotectionschemes ............................................................................................... 49
8.7 Open circuitonthe d.c.side .......................................................................................... 50
8.8 Powerlinecrossprotection ............................................................................................ 50

9 Earthelectrodelinefaults ............................................................................................................. 50
50
9.1 Generai ...............................................................................................................................
9.2 Spedfic requirements- Earthelectrodeiine ............................................................... 51
9.3 Eiectrodeiinesupervision .............................................................................................. 51
10 MetaJikreturnconductorfaults ................................................................................................... 52
10.1 Conductorforthe returndrcuit ...................................................................................... 52
10.2 Metaiik returnfaults ........................................................................................................ 52
10.3 Faultdetection- Metallicreturn .................................................................................... 53
10.4 Metaiiicreturnfaultprotectionsystems ........................................................................ 53
11 insulationco-ordination - HVDC systems.................................................................................. 59
11.1 Generai .............................................................................................................................. 59
11.2 Protectionschemesusingsurgearresters .................................................................. 59
11.3 Switchingovervoitagesandtemporaryovewoitages onthea.c. side .................... 5S

2
IS 14902 ( Part 2 ) :2001
IEC 60919-2 (1991)
clause Paga
11.4 Switchhg ovenroltagesandtemporaryovervoltagesonthed.c. side .................... 60
11.5 Lightningandsteep frontedsurges .............................................................................. 60
11.6 Protectivemargins ........................................................................................................... 61
11.7 Arresterduties .................................................................................................................. 62
11.8 Preventionofprotectiverelayactiondue tomester currents .................................. 65
11.9 Insulationclearances ...................................................................................................... 65
11.10 Creepage dstances forthe insulation .......................................................................... 65
12 Telecommunicationrequirements............................................................................................... 71
12.1 GeneraI .............................................................................................................................. 71
71
12.2 Spedfic requirements-Telecommunicationsystems ................................................
12.3 Consequence ofteleconmumicationsystemoutages ............................................... 72
12.4 Spedal considerationsforpowerlineoamier(PCL) systems ................................... 72
13 Auxiliatysystems............................................................................................................................ 73
13.1 General ............................................................................................................................. 73
13.2 Eledrkal auxiliarySySt@mS............................................................................................ 73
13.3 Mechanical auxiliarysystems ............................................................................... 75
ANNEX A (informative) - Bibliography..................................................................................... 7a

3
As in the Original Standard, this Page is Intentionally Left Blank
IS 14902 (Part 2): 2001
IEC 60919-2(1991)
Indian Standard
PERFORMANCE OF HIGH-VOLTAGE d.c. (HVDC)
SYSTEMS
PART 2 FAULTS AND SWITCHING
1 General
1.1 Scope
This report provides guidance on the transient performance and fault protection require-
ments of high voltage direct current (HVDC) systems. It concerns the transient perform-
ance related to faults and switching for two-terminal HVDC systems utilizing 12-pulse
convertor units comprised of three-phase bridge (double way) connections. Excluded are
multi-terminal HVDC transmission systems. However, certain aspects of parallel con-
vertors and parallel lines, if part of a two-terminal system, are discussed. The convertors
are assumed to use thyristor valves as the bridge arms, with gapless metal oxide arresters
for insulation co-ordination and to have power flow capability in both directions. No con-
sideration is given herein to diode vatves.
The report is comprised of three parts. Part 2 of this report is accompanied by companion
documents, Part 1 for steady-state and Part 3 for dynamic performance. An effort has
been made to avoid duplication in the three parts. Consequently users of this Report are
urged to consider all three parts when preparing a specification for purchase of a two-
terminal HVDC system.
Readers are cautioned to be aware of the difference between system performance specifi-
cations and equipment design specifications for individual components of a system. While
equipment specifications and testing requirements are not defined herein, attention is

drawn to those which could affect performance specifications for a system. Note that

detailed seismic performance requirements are excluded from this document. In addition,
because of the many possible variations between different HVDC systems, these are not
considered in detail. Consequently this report should not be used directly as a specifi-
cation for a specific project, but rather to provide the basis for an appropriate specification
tailored to fit actual system requirements for a particular electric power transmission
scheme. This report does not intend to discriminate the responsibility of users and manu-
facturers for the work specified.
1.2 Normativereferences
l
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute
provisions of this report. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All
standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this report are
encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the
standards listed below. Memberd of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid inter-
national Standards.
Anon-axhauatibvibeliography ofIECpdkations for information purposes isgiven mAnnex A.
5