Irrigation management transfer in Mexico [electronic resource] : process and progress

131 Pages·1995·4.4 MB·English

by  Gorriz, Cecilia M., 1966-

,
WORLDBANKTECHNICALPAPERNUMBER292
Irrigation Management Transfer
in Mexico
ProcessandProgress
CeciliaM. Gorriz,AshokSubramanian,andJoseSimas
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Copyrighledmaterial
WORLDBANKTECHNICALPAPERNUMBER292
Irrigation Management Transfer
in Mexico
ProcessandProgress
CeciliaM.Gorriz,AshokSubramanian,
andJoseSimas
TheWorldBank
Washington,D.C.
Copyright©1995
TheInternationalBankforReconstructkm
andDevelopment/THEWORLDBANK
1818HStreet,N.W.
VMifaiglon,D.C20439,U.SA.
Allrightsreserved
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ISSN:0253-7494
CeciliaM.GorrizisaconsultantandAshokSubramanianisaninstitutionsspecialist,bothinthe
AgricultureandNaturalResourcesDivisionoftheAgricultureandNaturalResourcesDepartmentof
dieWoridBank.Jo8£Sinu»isaseniorMraterresourcesengineerindieCountryDq>artmentIIofthe
LstinAmnicBandCMfibImnDepartmentofdieWoridBank.
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Gorriz,CeciliaM.,1966-
CedblraiagaMt.ioGnomr—arnizagAedmwenktSturbarnasnfeurmiinanM,eJxoiscioS:ipmrMociessandprogress/
p. cm. (WaridBanktedmicalpapetBSN0253-7494;no.
292)
Includesbibliographicalreferences.
I1.SBI—rNri0g-a8t2i1o3n-—33M3e0x-5ico—Management. 2.Irriga—tion—Government .
policy ^Mexico. 3. Waterresourcesdevelopment Mexico.
LSubramanian,Aahok,1953- . H.SimaSrJosi,1945- .
m.Title, rv.Series.
HD1741.M6G67 1995
333^91310972—dcaO 95-31228
CD*
55
Contents
Foreword v
Abstract vi
AdOiOWLIDGMENn. VH
GUMMARY vni
EXKUnVESUMMAKY IX
OUFTBLOVERVIEW 1
RoleoflnigiledAgriailtureffltlieEooiioiiiy 1
IrrigatioiiSyttemsandAvailabilityofWaterRewurces 1
PerformanceofIrrigatkmSyitemi 2
GovernmentPolicy 3
DecentralizationoftheIrrigationSector 4
ChafterB.irrigationManagementtransfer:
THECurrentSituation 7
Introductioii 7
ProcenofIrrigationManagementTransfer 8
OperationandMaintaniioeoftheIirigatioRSyston 10
WaterManageoMOt II
WaterFees 13
ChaitirIILUkulANDInstitutionalArrangements
rOR'niANSiBR 15
Introduction 15
LegalFramewofk 15
NationalWaterLjwandRegulations 1
TitleofConcession 1
WaterRights 16
I InstitutionalArrangements 17
CNA 17
I WaterUserOrganizationt 22
I' Modiiloslevel 23
Irrigationdistrictslevel 26
I Nationallevel 28
I
iii
Copyrightedmaterial
Chapterrv.financularrangements 29
Introduction 29
CostofOperationandMaintenance 29
CapitalCosts 30
ChapterV.Trainingandcommunicationprograms 53
Introduction 33
TrainingProgram 33
ConununicationProgram 35
CHAPTERVLC0NCLU8I0N 37
StatusoftheTransferProgram 37
LessonsLearned 39
implicitosibrOtherCoitnliiet 40
Annex1:NationalWaterLaw 43
Annex2:SampleTnLBorCONcnnoN 103
Rerrenceb 117
Map Mexico:irrigationDhtricts
iv
Copyrightedmaterial
Foreword
TheWaterResourcesManagementPolicy(1993)oftheWorldBankhasstressedthe
needfordecentralizationasanimportantelementofanintegrated{^jproachtowater
resourcesnianagement: **77heprincipleisthatnothingshouldbedoneatahl^jhtr
kvelofgavertmentthacmbedonese^^Klorily akma^kveLThuswhenhad
orprivatecapabilitiesexistandwhere an expropriate regulatorysystem can be
established, the Bank will support central government efforts to decentralize
responsibilitiestolocalgovernmentsandtotransferservicedeliveryfunctionstothe
private sector, tofinanciallyautonomouspublic corporations, andto community
organizationssuchaswateruserassociations^
Mexico has undertaken a radical program ofdecentralization and private sector
promotioninirrigation.Theprogramhasinvolvedsubstantialpolicychanges,agency
restructuring,andtransferofmanagementresponsibilitiestoautonomouswateruser
(HganizaticMis.Theoperationandmaintenancefunctionsofabouttwo-thirdsofthe80
inigationdistricts,havebeentnxaSeneAtouserorgaiuzatimis.Thisprogramhasbeen
supported by several international organizations including the Inter-American
Development Bank, the Food and Agriculture Organization, and the Worid Bank
The programhasalso beena source ofinspiration and ideasformanydeveloping
countriesthathavesenttheirirrigationofficialstoMexicoforobservationandstudy.
Thereis,however,acriticalgapinmformatimiinEnglishontheMexicanprogram.
Ourdepartmentshaveworkedtogethertofillthatgapandtoproducethispaperon
the developments in Mexico. The objective is to assist people interested in
decentralizationand private sectorpromotion in irrigation to understand and learn
fromtheMexicanexperienceandadaptittosuitlocalcircumstances.
AlexanderMcCalla EdilbertoSegura
Director Director
AgricultureandNaturalResources CountryDepartmentII
EnvircmmentallySustauiableDevdopment LatinAmericaandtheCar9)bean
Abstract
Conaderableliteratureisavailableonirrigationmanagementtransferfromgovernment
agenciestoWaterUserOrganizations(WUOs)worldwide. Since1989,theMexican
governmenthasimplementedaradicalprogramofrestructuringtheirrigationsector.
Animportant element Otthisprogram hubeenUietramferofirrigation district
nmagnimttoWUOf. However,thereiiindequtiedoeumemtt^
praceeemEq^ish. Thispe|Nrieeninilielefibfttofindiegep.
ElementsofirrigationmanagementtransferinMexicopresentedinthispaperinclude
the status ofthe program, the l^al and institutional frameworks, the financial
iiHrtieinigdwediwenstem, mcvdehtiheetMNtoieuoifioAgeanpdvoosnounnm.inSicoihtmionnitiperloglreasmiso.nsfTohriosthpearpecrouinstnneost
attemptingtostartorexpandsuchatransfo*iMt>gramareoffered. Annexestothe
paperpresenttheNationalWaterLawandasampleTitleofConcessionjpvingthe
usersthelegalrighttooperateandmanagetheirrigationsystem.
vi
AdOfOWLEDGMENTS
Weareindd}tedtoofficialsoftheComisionNacionaidelAgua(CNA)andtoseveral
officebemiofWMerUier©rgnuttimttinMexicofornformitionusedintins
pqier. lapulkular.inputs6omMessrs.MamidContijoch,EnriqiieEqiinoa,Carlos
Barocio, Luis Villarino (CNA) and J. C. Miller (FAO) are acknowledged with
appreciation. Mr.JoseLuisTrava(CNA)providedvaluableguidanceandassistance
for which we are extremely grateful. We are also thankful to our World Bank
colleagueshteasrs.PeterSun,HavidGroen^t, RichardRddinger, David Steeds.
HervePhisqueiec,andRandalPureeO^whoprovidedenooungementandcomments
onpreviousdrafts. WeareobligedtoJomaMohamadiforhisinitiativeandgenerosity
inmakingtheannexedlegaldocumentswidelyavailableinEnglishtothoseinterested
intheMexicantransferprogram.TheworkofDebbieWolanskiand SofiaValencia
duringtheSummerof1994providedusefulbackgroundinformationforwhichweare
giitrihlAiyde6cwMiesiathepaperaiethesoietespoBSibilityoftte
vii
Glossary
ASERCA SuppmtsandServicesfortheField
ApqyosySey^dosparaelC<m^
CNA NationalWaterCommission
CamisidnNadonaldelAgua
IMTA MexicanInstituteofWaterTechnology
InuitutoMexiamodeTecnologkidelAgtm
INIFAP NaticMiilImtituteofAgriciihiireandForestryResearch
ImtitKtoNadonaldeInvesiigacidnAgrapecmariayForeMd
O&M (HMrationandmaintenance
SARH SecretariatofAgricultureandWaterResources
Seavka^iadeAgriadturayRecursosHidraulicos
SLR SocietyofLimitedResponsibility
SodedaddeResponaabilidadLimiladaeInteresPublico
WUO WaterUserOrganization
viu