Introduction to Unmanned Aircraft Systems

525 Pages·2021·22.061 MB·English

by  Edited by R. Kurt Barnhart, Douglas M. Marshall, and Eric J. Shappee

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Introduction to Unmanned

Aircraft Systems
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Introduction to Unmanned

Aircraft Systems
Third Edition
Edited by
R. Kurt Barnhart, Douglas M. Marshall,
and Eric J. Shappee
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Third edition published 2021
by CRC Press
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by CRC Press
6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487- 2742
© 2021 selection and editorial matter, Douglas M. Marshall, Richard K. Barnhart,
and Eric J. Shappee; individual chapters, the contributors
First edition published by CRC Press 2011
Second edition published by CRC Press 2016
CRC Press is an imprint of Informa UK Limited
The right of Douglas M. Marshall, Richard K. Barnhart, and Eric J. Shappee to be
identified as the authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for their
individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78
of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized
in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or
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Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks
and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing- in- Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data
Names: Marshall, Douglas M., 1947– editor, author. | Barnhart, Richard K., editor, author. |
Shappee, Eric, editor, author.
Title: Introduction to unmanned aircraft systems/edited by Douglas M. Marshall,
Richard K. Barnhart and Eric Shappee.
Description: Third editon. | Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. |
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2020035929 (print) | LCCN 2020035930 (ebook) |
ISBN 9780367366599 (hardback) | ISBN 9780429347498 (ebook)
Subjects: LCSH: Drone aircraft. | Drone aircraft–Automatic control.
Classification: LCC TL589.4 .I68 2021 (print) |
LCC TL589.4 (ebook) | DDC 629.133/3–dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020035929
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020035930
ISBN: 978- 0- 367- 36659- 9 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-0-367-68608-6 (pbk)
ISBN: 978- 0- 429- 34749- 8 (ebk)
Typeset in Palatino
by Newgen Publishing UK
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Contents
Preface ......................................................................vii
Acknowledgments .............................................................ix
About the Editors ..............................................................xi
List of Contributors .......................................................... xiii
1 History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Douglas M. Marshall and Benjamin Trapnell
2 UAS Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Mark Patrick Collins
3 The “System” in UAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Joshua Brungardt and Kurt Carraway
4 UAS Sensing – Theory and Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Gabriel B. Ladd
5 UAS Regulations, Standards, and Guidance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Douglas M. Marshall
6 Human Factors in Unmanned Aerial Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Warren Jensen
7 Safety Assessments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Eric J. Shappee and Graham Feasey
8 Export Control and ITAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Eric McClafferty and Rose Mooney
9 Unmanned Aircraft System Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Robert D. Love and Brian Argrow
10 UAS Airframe Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Michael T. Most and Michael Stroup
11 UAS Propulsion System Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Michael T. Most and Graham Feasey
12 UAS Subsystem Nexus: The Electrical System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Michael T. Most and Samuel Stewart
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vi Contents
13 Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
Saeed M. Khan
14 Command and Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321
Nathan Maresch
15 Unmanned Aircraft Subsystem Integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
William H. Semke
16 Detect and Avoid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
Dallas Brooks, Stephen P. Cook, and Brandon Suarez
17 UAS in Public Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387
Benjamin Miller and Adam Trojanowski
18 Cybersecurity Counter Unmanned Aircraft Systems (C- UAS)
and Artificial Intelligence (AI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397
Randall K. Nichols
19 Unmanned Traffic Management (“UTM”) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439
Michael S. Baum
20 The Future of Unmanned Aircraft Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443
Tom Haritos and R. Kurt Barnhart
Epilogue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459
Douglas M. Marshall
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
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Preface

It is with great pleasure that we present this greatly expanded third edition of Introduction
to Unmanned Aircraft Systems. The unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) industry continues to
be a highly dynamic and constantly evolving industry with the advancement of science
and technological enablement. With that in mind, the aim of this expanded edition is to
identify and survey the fundamentals of UAS operations, which will serve both as a basic
orientation to UAS and as a foundation for further study. Content herein is suitable for
both introductory and advanced systems studies. This work was originally birthed out
of an unsuccessful search for suitable texts for such a course. As in the first two editions,
the chapters have been individually contributed by some of the nation’s foremost experts
in UAS operations from all corners of both higher education and industry; therefore, the
reader may note some variation in writing style. It was decided to leave the contributions
in this form in the interest of preserving the author’s intent, thereby improving the quality
of information contained herein.
It is the editors’ suggestion that introductory students focus on Chapters 1– 7, 9, 15, 17,
19, and 20 for a total of 12 chapters. The remainder can be used at the instructor’s discre-
tion and for advanced technical study.
This publication would not have been possible without the close cooperation of all
the editors and contributors; a heartfelt thank you to all who gave of your time to make
this possible. Your feedback is welcomed as a basis for future editions of this book as the
industry continues to advance.
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Acknowledgments

As editors we would first like to thank our contributing authors for their valuable time and
expertise. Without you, this book would simply not have nearly the breadth and depth that
it does with your input.
We also would like to thank Beth Drescher, who spent many hours on first read- throughs
and working on format consistency. Beth, your expertise made the burden of such a large
text manageable.
We would also like to send out a note of thanks to our spouses, Anita, Sandi, and Lisa,
who let us give up hours of our time and in some cases helped us with syntax and flow.
We thank you!
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