Introduction to Health Promotion PDF
Preview Introduction to Health Promotion
3GFFIRS 07/22/2014 11:55:11 Pageii 3GFFIRS 07/22/2014 11:55:11 Pagei INTRODUCTION TO HEALTH PROMOTION 3GFFIRS 07/22/2014 11:55:11 Pageii 3GFFIRS 07/22/2014 11:55:11 Pageiii INTRODUCTION TO HEALTH PROMOTION Anastasia Snelling, Editor 3GFFIRS 07/22/2014 11:55:11 Pageiv Coverdesign:Wiley Coverimage:SportyCouplejupiter55|Thinkstock OrganicVegetablesmonticelllo|Thinkstock Meditationdeeepblue|Thinkstock Copyright2014byJohnWiley&Sons,Inc.Allrightsreserved. PublishedbyJossey-Bass AWileyBrand OneMontgomeryStreet,Suite1200,SanFrancisco,CA94104-4594—www.josseybass.com Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmittedinany formorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,scanning,orotherwise, exceptaspermittedunderSection107or108ofthe1976UnitedStatesCopyrightAct,without eitherthepriorwrittenpermissionofthepublisher,orauthorizationthroughpaymentofthe appropriateper-copyfeetotheCopyrightClearanceCenter,Inc.,222RosewoodDrive,Danvers, MA01923,978-750-8400,fax978-646-8600,orontheWebatwww.copyright.com.Requeststo thepublisherforpermissionshouldbeaddressedtothePermissionsDepartment,JohnWiley& Sons,Inc.,111RiverStreet,Hoboken,NJ07030,201-748-6011,fax201-748-6008,oronlineat www.wiley.com/go/permissions. 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HealthPromotion–trends–UnitedStates. 5. PreventiveHealthServices– methods–UnitedStates. WA590] RA427.8 362.1–dc23 2014010406 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica FIRSTEDITION PBPrinting 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 3GFTOC 07/23/2014 10:33:55 Pagev CONTENTS TablesandFigures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi TheEditor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxvii TheContributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxix Part One: TheFoundationofHealthPromotion 1 Chapter1 HealthPromotion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 AnastasiaSnelling BriefOverviewofHealthintheTwentiethCentury . . . . . . . .3 1900–1950s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1960s–2000s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 HealthPromotion:AnEmergingField . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 HealthEducation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 PublicHealth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 DeterminantsofHealth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 ImportantHealthPromotionConcepts . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 RiskFactors,ChronicDiseases,andEmpowerment . . . . . . 15 PreventionActivities:Primary,Secondary,andTertiary . . . . 16 HealthPromotionMeetstheHealthCareSystem . . . . . . . 17 PatientProtectionandAffordableCareAct . . . . . . . . . 18 Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 PositionsintheHealthPromotionField . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 KeyTerms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 ReviewQuestions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 StudentActivities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Chapter2 HealthBehaviorChangeTheoriesandModels . . . . 25 MauraStevenson HealthBehaviorTheories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 3GFTOC 07/23/2014 10:33:56 Pagevi vi CONTENTS SocialCognitiveTheory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 TranstheoreticalModelofBehaviorChange . . . . . . . . . 31 HealthBeliefModel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 TheoryofPlannedBehavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 HistoricalPerspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 KeyTerms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 ReviewQuestions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 StudentActivities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Chapter3 ProgramPlanningModels . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 AnastasiaSnelling EffectiveHealthPromotionPlanning . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 SocialEcologicalModel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 PRECEDE-PROCEEDModel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 MultilevelApproachtoCommunityHealth(MATCH) . . . . 57 Consumer-BasedPlanningModelsforHealthCommunication . . 57 CDCynergy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 MakingHealthCommunicationProgramsWork . . . . . . . 63 HealthPromotionPlanningModelforCommunity-Level Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 MobilizingforActionthroughPlanningand Partnerships(MAPP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 MAP-IT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 ConnectingHealthBehaviorTheoriestoProgram PlanningModels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 KeyTerms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 ReviewQuestions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 StudentActivities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Part Two: HealthBehaviors 71 Chapter4 TobaccoUse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 LaurieDiRosa TobaccoUse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 TobaccoUseStatistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Cancer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 CardiovascularDisease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 3GFTOC 07/23/2014 10:33:57 Pagevii CONTENTS vii PulmonaryDisease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 ReproductiveandDevelopmentalEffects . . . . . . . . . . 84 SmokelessTobaccoandChronicDisease . . . . . . . . . . . 84 HarmReduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Cancer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 CardiovascularDisease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 OralComplications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 SecondhandSmokeExposureandChronicDisease . . . . . . . 88 PoliticalandCulturalHistoryofTobaccoUse . . . . . . . . . 89 WarningLabels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 PurchasingRestrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Taxation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 1998MasterSettlementAgreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 RecentEffortstoReduceTobaccoUse . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 NationalPolicy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 StatePolicy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 LocalPolicy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 EffectiveProgramsThatDiscourageTobaccoUse . . . . . . . 98 HealthyPeople2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 Population-BasedStrategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 EffectiveExamplesofPopulation-BasedStrategies . . . . . 100 PracticalExamplesofWorkSiteInitiatives . . . . . . . . 102 SchoolInitiatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 PracticalExamplesofSchoolInitiatives . . . . . . . . . . 105 ChallengestoReducingSmoking . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107 AccesstoTreatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 AddictivePropertyofNicotine . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 TobaccoIndustryPractices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109 KeyTerms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110 ReviewQuestions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111 StudentActivities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112 Chapter5 EatingBehaviors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117 MayaMaroto EatingBehaviors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117 Taste . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 Emotions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 Price . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 3GFTOC 07/23/2014 10:33:57 Pageviii viii CONTENTS Convenience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 HealthandNutrition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 CultureandFamiliarity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Marketing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Nutrition,EatingHabits,andHealth . . . . . . . . . . . . .122 HeartDisease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Cancer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Stroke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 Type2Diabetes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 Obesity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 BenefitsofHealthyEatingHabits . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126 RecommendedNutritionandDietaryIntake . . . . . . . . .127 HistoryofNutritionandDietaryPatterns . . . . . . . . . . .128 Pattern1:PaleolithicandHunter-Gatherers . . . . . . . . 129 Pattern2:AdventofAgriculture . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 Pattern3:IndustrializationandRecedingFamine . . . . . . 130 Pattern4:NoncommunicableDisease . . . . . . . . . . 131 Pattern5:DesiredSocietalandBehaviorChange . . . . . . 131 ChangestotheAmericanFoodEnvironment . . . . . . . . .131 FoodSupplyandConsumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 WhereAmericansEat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 TheFoodIndustry:Friend,Foe,orBoth? . . . . . . . . . 136 FarmSubsidies:TheCulprit? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 PortionSizes:BiggerbutNotBetter . . . . . . . . . . . 138 RecentEffortstoPromoteHealthyEating . . . . . . . . . . .139 NationalPolicyActions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 StatePolicyActions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 LocalPolicyActions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 CommunityNutritionEfforts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 WorkSiteWellness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 SchoolFoodEnvironments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 ProgramsfortheIndividual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .143 KeyTerms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144 ReviewQuestions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .145 StudentActivities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .146 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147 Chapter6 PhysicalActivityBehaviors . . . . . . . . . . . . .153 JenniferChildress PhysicalActivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154
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