Introduction to Civil Engineering Systems

1058 Pages·2014·39.78 MB·English

Introduction to Civil
Engineering Systems

Introduction to Civil
Engineering Systems
A Systems Perspective to the Development of Civil
Engineering Facilities
Samuel Labi
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LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Labi,Samuel,1962-
Introductiontocivilengineeringsystems:asystemsperspectivetothedevelopmentof
civilengineeringfacilities/SamuelLabi.
pagescm
Includesindex.
ISBN978-0-470-53063-4(hardback);ISBN978-1-118-41530-6(ebk);ISBN978-1-118-41817-8(ebk)
1. Civilengineering.2. Systemsengineering. I.Title.
TA145.L382014
624–dc23
2013038048
PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Tomyparents,EmmanuelKwakuLabiandElizabethAdjoLabi

CONTENTS
Foreword xvii
Preface xix
AuthorBiography xxiii
I Introduction 1
1 CivilEngineeringSystemsandTheirEvolution 3
1.0 Introduction 3
1.1 CivilEngineeringSystemsandHistoricalDevelopments 3
1.2 CivilEngineeringSystem—TheBranches 8
1.3 FinalCommentsontheHistoricalEvolutionandFuture
ofCivilEngineeringSystems 44
Summary 45
Exercises 45
References 46
UsefulResources 49
2 FundamentalConceptsinSystemsEngineering 50
2.0 Introduction 50
2.1 WhatIsaSystem? 50
2.2 SystemsConsiderationsinCivilEngineering 60
2.3 DevelopmentofCivilEngineeringSystems 63
2.4 SomeTermsandConceptsRelatedtoSystemsThinking 66
2.5 GlobalInitiativesintheStudyofSystems 68
Summary 70
Exercises 70
References 71
UsefulResources 72
vii
viii Contents
3 GoalsandObjectivesofCivilEngineeringSystems 74
3.0 Introduction 74
3.1 HierarchyofDesiredOutcomes:Values,Goals,andObjectives 75
3.2 CommonMOEsUsedinDecisionMakingatAnyPhaseofSystem
Development 82
3.3 GoalsandMOEsatEachPhaseofCivilEngineeringSystemsDevelopment 91
3.4 DesiredPropertiesofaSetofMOEsforaGivenAnalysis 95
3.5 OverallDiscussionofEngineeringSystemsGoalsandObjectives 95
Summary 96
Exercises 97
References 98
UsefulResources 98
II TheTasksatEachPhaseofSystemsDevelopment 99
4 TaskswithinthePhasesofSystemsDevelopment 101
4.0 Introduction 101
4.1 TheTaskofDescription 103
4.2 TraditionalTasksofAnalyzingSystemsinCivilEngineering 111
4.3 TheTaskofSystemEvaluation 113
4.4 TheTaskofFeedbackbetweenPhases 117
4.5 ExamplesofTasksatEachPhaseofSystemsDevelopment 118
Summary 123
Exercises 123
References 124
III ToolsNeededtoCarryOuttheTasks 125
5 Probability 127
5.0 Introduction 127
5.1 SetTheory 129
5.2 SomeBasicConceptsinProbability 132
5.3 RandomVariables 140
5.4 ProbabilityFunctions 142
5.5 DiscreteProbabilityDistributions 149
5.6 ContinuousProbabilityDistributions 157
5.7 CommonTerminologyinProbabilisticAnalysis 159
Summary 161
Exercises 162
References 164
UsefulResources 164
6 Statistics 165
6.0 Introduction 165
6.1 PopulationandSampling 168
6.2 DescriptiveStatistics 171