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Introductory  Astronomy     Week  5:  Solar  System(s)   Clip  1:  Introduc<on Sun   •  Mostly,  Solar  system  is  an  average  (                )  main   1M � sequence  star   •  Sun  contains  about                        of  the  bound  mass   99.9% •  Radia<on  heats  planets   •  Solar  wind  –  charged  par<cles  streaming  from   Sun  at  high  energy  carry  1    M              in      150M y � 2 What  is  Out  There   •  Eight  planets  orbit  Sun   in  slightly  eccentric   ellip<c  orbits   •  Radius     0.39 30 AU � •  Orbits  near  eclip<c   match  Sun  rota<on   3 Two  Kinds  of  Planets   •  Four  Inner  planets  within   •  Four  Outer  planets  from   1.6  AU   5-­‐30  AU   –  Dense   –  Less  dense   –  Small   –  Huge   –  Rocky   –  Fluid   4 What  Else?   Lots  of  Moons   Rings   5 Craters   6 Asteroids   7 Farther  Out   8 What  it’s  Made  Of   •  9    9      .  9    %          of  mass  is  Sun   •  9      0    %          of  rest  is  Jupiter,  Saturn   •  7    0      .  5    %      Hydrogen   •  2    7      .  5    %        Helium   •  2    %        Metals   9 Ques<ons   •  Why  are  all  planet  orbits  circular  and  in  a  plane?    Why  aren’t  comets’?   •  Why  are  planets  and  large  Moons  round?   •  Why  aren’t  asteroids?   •  Why  are  inner  planets  small,  rocky,  dense  while  outer  planets  are  large,  fluid,  light?   •  Why  aren’t  asteroids  a  planet?     •  What  is  the  story  with  Pluto?   •  What  are  rings?    Why  are  Saturn’s  different?   •  What  made  all  the  craters?    Where  did  it  go?   •  Why  do  comets  fall  into  inner  Solar  System?  Why  do  asteroids  fall  into  near-­‐Earth  orbits?   •  If  orbits  can  change  –  will  planet  orbits?  Have  they?   •  Where  did  it  all  come  from?  When?   10

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