Internet of Energy Handbook

248 Pages·2021·42.056 MB·English

by  Pawan Kumar, Srete Nikolovski, Z. Y. Dong

Internet of Energy
Handbook

Internet of Energy
Handbook
Edited by
Pawan Kumar
Srete Nikolovski
Z Y Dong
First edition published 2021
by CRC Press
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and by CRC Press
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Kumar, Pawan, 1977- editor. | Nikolovski, Srete, editor. | Dong, Z.
Y., editor.
Title: Internet of energy handbook / edited by Pawan Kumar, Srete
Nikolovski, and Z.Y. Dong.
Description: First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, 2021. | Includes
bibliographical references and index. | Summary: “The Internet of Energy
(IoE), with the integration of advanced information and communication
technologies (ICT), has led to a transformation of traditional networks
to smart systems. This handbook of research on Internet of Energy
provides updated knowledge in the field of energy management with an
Internet of Things (IoT) perspective. It explains the technological
developments for energy management leading to reduction in energy
consumption through topics like smart energy systems, smart sensors,
communication, techniques and utilization. Dedicated sections cover
varied aspects related to renewable sources of energy, power
distribution and generation and so forth”-- Provided by publisher.
Identifiers: LCCN 2020055216 (print) | LCCN 2020055217 (ebook) | ISBN
9780367499648 (hardback) | ISBN 9781003048343 (ebook)
Subjects: LCSH: Electric power systems--Automatic control. | Electric power
distribution--Data processing. | Energy conservation--Data processing. |
Internet--Industrial applications.
Classification: LCC TK1007 .I75 2021 (print) | LCC TK1007 (ebook) | DDC
621.310285/4678--dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020055216
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020055217
ISBN: 978-0-367-49964-8 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-0-367-49965-5 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-04834-3 (ebk)
Typeset in Times
by SPi Global, India
Contents
Foreword ..................................................................................................................vii
Preface .......................................................................................................................ix
Editor Biographies ...................................................................................................xv
Contributors ............................................................................................................xix
Chapter 1 A Framework of Internet of Energy for Coordinated
Operation in Power Delivery ..............................................................1
Pawan Kumar and Anjali Uppal
Chapter 2 Evaluation of Soft Computing Techniques and IEC61850
Protocols for the Development of the Internet of
Energy Framework ............................................................................41
Anjali Uppal and Pawan Kumar
Chapter 3 Internet of Energy for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle ....................71
Arush Singh, Saurabh Ranjan Sharma, Vivek Kumar Tripathi,
Deepanshu Singh Solanki, and Raj Kumar Jarial
Chapter 4 Assessment of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEVs)
Through Big Data Analysis ............................................................107
Vikas Khare, Cheshta J. Khare, Savita Nema,
and Prashant Baredar
Chapter 5 Estimation of Fault Location Using Cyber Physical
System in WAMCP .........................................................................139
Ankur Singh Rana, Shufali Ashraf Wani, Nisha Parveen,
and Mini Shaji Thomas
Chapter 6 The Role of Blockchain and IoT in Modern Energy Systems ........159
Wesley Doorsamy and Babu Sena Paul
Chapter 7 Solar Energy Generation and Internet of Energy (IoE):
Challenges and Purview ..................................................................175
Sanghita Baidya and Champa Nandi
v
vi Contents
Chapter 8 IoE for Energy Efficient Buildings: Challenges
and Solutions ..................................................................................193
Meet Kumari
Chapter 9 Battery Management of Automated Guided Vehicles
Via System Dynamics.............................................................................209
Arzu Eren Şenaras and Onur Mesut Şenaras
Index ......................................................................................................................217
Foreword
I am extremely honored and delighted to write a Foreword to this book, as its scope
and content offers the prospective readers with insights on the role, use, and applica-
tion of Internet of Energy (IoE) in different industrial settings in power and energy
systems.
The role and impact of electricity in governing our modern society are signifi-
cantly amplified through information and communications technology (ICT), and it
is the proliferation of ICT within and beyond the electric infrastructure that merits
the focus of this book. With the extensive deployment of heterogeneous Internet of
Things (IoT), the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), and IoE technologies, smart
grids have been transformed into a complicated ecosystem of smart sensing, mea-
surement, monitoring, and intelligent infrastructure capable of monitoring, inform-
ing, or controlling most of the energy use and distributed generation in industrial,
commercial, residential and mission-critical premises. The increased penetration of
variable renewable and other distributed energy resources, smart/energy-efficient
buildings, electric vehicles, and energy storage requires the power grid to be even
more resilient and responsive to fast changing conditions to ensure access to secure,
reliable, safe, and affordable energy.
Additionally, major outages in the electric sector are often caused by a lack of
adequate situational awareness on the power grid conditions, insufficient control
assets to react to disruptions, aging electrical infrastructure and the increasing com-
plexity and variability in electricity generation portfolios and demand profiles, and
the escalating frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, cyber-attacks, ter-
rorist attacks, and human and system errors. Coordinating with these populations of
smart and connected machines extends the operational performance, including main-
taining a resilient and high-quality energy supply to critical facilities.
There has been a national and international push to conceive and develop integra-
tion approaches of the vast sensing, intelligence and energy flexibility resources rep-
resented by the IoT, IIoT, IoE, and analogous emerging machine platforms growing
at the grid edge. Through IoT and IoE technologies, cutting-edge sensors can rapidly
gather data from grid-connected assets and about prevailing conditions to provide
operators better insight into infrastructure performance or offer improvements in
data integrity and data quality. Local communications and data exchange can also
lead to more resilient distributed and fault tolerant control systems. Discussing and
discovering knowledge, technologies, tools, and solutions that help unlock and
achieve coordination across these boundaries with negligible risk are essential and
the focus of this book.
This handbook provides answers to different challenging questions dealing with
the deployment, implementation, and instrumentation interoperability of IoE in a
variety of use cases in the electric sector. The content provides the energy infrastruc-
ture community with robust and scalable approaches to interfacing with advanced
and rapidly developing IoE technologies that will enhance their operational capabil-
ity to maintain energy surety to transmission or distribution connected facilities and
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viii Foreword
their surrounding communities. This handbook comprises nine chapters, covering a
myriad of interesting topics ranging from IoE for coordinated operation of power
delivery infrastructure, to IoE for battery storage, electric vehicle, and energy-
efficient building management, and blockchain interactions with IoT and IoE
technologies.
I recommend this handbook to researchers and practitioners in the field, and for
scientists and engineers interested or involved in IoT and IoE applications in the
power and energy sector. I really appreciate the timely efforts of all the editors to
compile this book. The managing editor, Dr. Pawan, and his team have meticulously
collected the chapters, reviewed, and placed them in an appropriate structure for bet-
ter in-depth understanding. I believe the readers will enjoy and benefit from the work
presented in this book.
Prof. Payman Dehghanian
Assistant Professor and Director, GW SmartGrid Laboratory
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
The George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
Preface
Technological innovation is a key driver of economic growth and human well-being.
In the modern world, the major challenges in technological innovations are smart
energy, smart governance, smart transportation, smart traffic, and smart education.
Prima facie ‘smart energy’ is an important aspect because per capita energy con-
sumption defines the living standard of the people of any nation. In recent trends, the
energy demand has grown exponentially, and it endeavors to reframe energy-saving
opportunities by considering every aspect including social, technical, and environ-
mental. As a consequence of this, energy efficiency continues to be the top priority
for any organization to become more cost-competitive in the open marketplace and
meet the international objective of enhanced energy efficiency. Further, in a smart
city environment, energy management needs to be done at the primary and secondary
distribution of power.
The energy management at primary and secondary distribution level can per-
formed with and without the external energy resources. Therefore, the energy man-
agement schemes that involve the external energy resources are viewed as active
energy boosters (AEBs) whereas the other schemes that are being implemented with-
out external energy resources are viewed as passive energy boosters (PEBs). However,
in advanced power and energy systems, the AEBs and PEBs are realized through
smart systems and, therefore, it needs to develop a new framework of internet of
energy (IoE).
Online monitoring and subsequent analysis tend to improve system performance
with no extra cost and IoE provides an extraordinary platform for energy efficiency
in the process and or operation. However, the operation, control, and monitoring of
the power systems need to be aligned with international standards. In this regard, the
recent development of IEC61850 protocols has been explored by the researchers for
online energy management. The online data management and operating strategies,
i.e. involvement of Internet and cloud/grid computing, have revolutionized the
research in a new direction. Recently, this has coined a new term, which is ‘Internet
of Energy’ (IoE). The IoE is an interdisciplinary area of research where several pro-
cesses such as computation, communication, monitoring, and management have to
be performed simultaneously.
This handbook aims to be an essential reference source, building on the available
literature in the field of IoE. This specific text is expected to provide the primary and
major resources necessary for researchers, academicians, students, faculties, and sci-
entists, across the globe, to adopt and implement new inventions in the area of power
generation from conventional and non-conventional resources and their utilization
and energy management. Therefore, this book aims to provide a platform to share
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