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Integration of Fundamental Polymer Science and Technology—4 PDF

409 Pages·1990·9.444 MB·English
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INTEGRATION OF FUNDAMENTAL POLYMER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-4 The proceedings of the international meeting on polymer science and technology, Rolduc Polymer Meeting-4 held at Rolduc Abbey, Limburg, The Netherlands, 23-27 April 1989 INTEGRATION OF FUNDAMENTAL POLYMER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-4 Edited by P. l. LEMSTRA Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands and L. A. KLEINTl ENS DSM-Research, Geleen, The Netherlands ELSEVIER APPLIED SCIENCE LONDON and NEW YORK ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHERS LTD Crown House, Linton Road, Barking, Essex IGll 8JU, England Sole Distributor in the USA and Canada ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHING CO., INC. 655 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10010, USA WITH 49 TABLES AND 187 ILLUSTRATIONS © 1990 ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHERS LTD British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Rolduc Polymer Meeting (4th, 1989) Integration of fundamental polymer science and technology-4 1. Polymer science I. Title II. Lemstra, P. 1. II. Kleintjens, L. A. 547.7 ISBN-13: 978-94-010-6831-4 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-009-0767-6 DOl: 10.1007/978-94-009-0767-6 Library of Congress CIP data applied for No responsibility is assumed by the Publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein. Special regulations for readers in the USA This publication has been registered with the Copyright Clearance Center Inc. (Ccq, Salem, Massachusetts. Information can be obtained from the CCC about conditions under which photocopies of parts of this publication may be made in the USA. All other copyright questions, including photocopying outside the USA, should be referred to the publisher. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. v PREFACE The aim of the Rolduc Polymer Meetings is to stimulate interdisciplinary discussions between academic and industrial polymer scientists and engineers. Experts are invited to review selected topics and to initiate discussions relating to future trends and developments. The general theme of these meetings is 'Integration of Fundamental Polymer Science and Technology'. In order to serve this goal, all participants are accommodated in Rolduc Abbey, a well-preserved medieval monument in Limburg (The Netherlands) to provide an optimum atmosphere for the exchange of ideas. About 350 participants took part in the 4th Rolduc Polymer Meeting, which was held from 23 to 27 April 1989. This volume contains invited and selected contributed papers on topics such as solution properties, chemistry, emulsion polymerization, liquid crystalline polymers, structure/ morphology and blends/composites. We are fully aware of the fact that the reader will not find an integrated presentation of lectures in this volume. Unfortunately, it is impossible to put down in writing the atmosphere of this and previous meetings. However, we hope that the reader will be stimulated to present his own views in forthcoming meetings after reading these proceedings. We wish to thank all contributors to this volume. P.l.L. L.A.K. Vll CONTENTS Preface v Part 1: Solution Properties Bridging Treatment of Polymer Solutions in Good Solvents 3 W. H. Stockmayer Chain Structure and Solvent Quality: Key Factors in the Thermo- reversible Gelation of Solutions of Vinyl Polymers 11 H. Berghmans, Ph. Van Den Broecke and S. Thijs Flow Induced Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation in High Molecular Weight Polymer Solutions 20 P. J. Barham Light Scattering Measurements in the System Polystyrene- Cyclohexane Near the Miscibility Gap 25 Th. Philipps and W. Borchard Part 2: Chemistry Network Formation in Free Radical Polymerization 33 H. Tobita and A. E. Hamielec Problems of Micro mixing Effects and Reactor Performance in Free Radical Polymerization of Binary and Ternary Systems 43 G. Schmidt-Naake, H. Schmidt and W. Pippel Vlll Polymer Design in the Anionic Polymerisation of Butadiene and Styrene 54 T. Graafiand and H. van Ballegooijen Free Radical Techniques of Deriving 0:, w End Functional Polymers and Block Copolymers via Thermal Iniferters 60 C. P. Reghunadhan Nair and G. Clouet Branching Kinetics of Epoxy Polymerization of 1,4-Butanediol Diglycidyl Ether with cis-l ,2-Cyclohexanedicarboxylic Anhydride 65 B. Chu and C. Wu Segmented Block Copolymers Based on Polyamide-4,6 and Poly(Propylene Oxide) . 70 P. F. van Hutten, E. Walch, A. H. M. Veeken and R. J. Gaymans Study of the Polyurethane Reactions by Differential Scanning Calorimetry . 75 T. Malavasic, I. Aniur and U. Osredkar Crosslinked Polypropylene and Related Materials 80 I. Chodak The Elucidation of the Crosslinking and Scission Processes Relations During Photochemical Modification of Polyolefines 90 P. Zamotaev Part 3: Emulsion Polymerization Introduction to Emulsion Polymerization 97 M. S. El-Aasser Radical Capture Efficiencies in Emulsion Polymerization Kinetics 116 I. A. Maxwell, B. R. Morrison, R. G. Gilbert and D. H. Napper The Effect of Emulsifier-Polymer Complex Formation on Particle Nucleation in Emulsion Polymerization 126 W. A. B. Donners and B. Midgley Emulsion Polymerization of Butadiene 131 P. Weerts, J. van der Loos and A. German IX Polymerization at the Surface of Submicron Ti0 Particles in 2 Emulsion-like Systems . 141 C. H. M. Caris, A. M. van Herk and A. L. German Rubber-Toughening ofPoly(Methyl Methacrylate) by Inclusion of Multiple-Phase Particles Prepared by Emulsion Polymerisation. 154 P. A. Lovell, J. McDonald, D. E: J. Saunders and R. J. Young Surfactant and Protein Adsorption at Surface Modified Polystyrene Latices . 159 W. M. Brouwer Characterization ofIonic Oligomers Formed During the Emulsion Polymerization of Butadiene by Means of Isotachophoresis 164 J. L. Ammerdorffer, C. G. Pijls, A. A. Lemmen~ and A. L. German Flow Behaviour and Visco-elastic Properties of Emulsions, Stains and Paints 172 C. A. J. J. van Rossum and W. van Gerresheim Continuous Emulsion Polymerisation in a Pulsed Packed Column 182 G. F. M. Hoedemakers and D. Thoenes Part 4: Liquid Crystalline Polymers Biphasic Behavior of Melts of Liquid Crystalline Co polyesters Containing Both Mesogenic and Non-Mesogenic Units 197 S. Bhatacharya and R. W. Lenz Polymerized Discotic Liquid Crystals 215 J. F. van der Pol, E. Neeleman, R. J. M. Nolte, J. W. Zwikker and W. Drenth Synthesis and Thermal Properties of Polyurethanes with Mesogenic Units and Silicon Containing Flexible Spacers in the Main Chain 220 L. Willner, F. Braun, M. Hess and R. Kosfeld Mixtures of Thermotropic Nematic Liquid Crystals: Coexistence Curves and Cloud Point Curves 225 M. Ballauff x Theoretical and Experimental Aspects of the Reinforcement of Thermoplastics by Liquid Crystalline Polymers . 232 S. Classen, U. Gallenkamp, M. Wolf and J. H. Wendorff Molecular Order, Morphology and Phase Separation in Blends of Isotropic and Liquid-Crystalline Polymers . 242 H. G. Zachmann, D. Chen, J. Nowacki, E. Olbrich and C. Schulze X-Ray Diffraction Study of Networks Formed by Liquid Crys- talline Diacrylates 261 R. A. M. Hikmet and D. J. Broer Time Scales of Structural Changes During Flow in Liquid Crystalline Polymers 267 J. Mewis and P. Moldenaers Part 5: Structure/Morphology Biaxial-Drawing of Dried Gel Films of Ultra-High-Molecular- Weight Polyethylene 277 Y. Sakai, K. Umetsu, P. D. Hong and K. Miyasaka Largely Unrecognized Features of Polymer Crystallization under Conditions of Heat Transfer and Flow 282 H. Janeschitz-Kriegl An Electron Microscopic Study on the Formation of Polyethylene Fibrils . 287 M. Kunz, R. E. De Micheli and M. Moller Structure of Drawn Fibres as Revealed by Neutron Scattering Studies 304 D. M. Sadler and P. J. Barham Formation and Application of Highly Oriented Semicrystalline ~~~ ~ M. Raab, V. Hnat, M. Krejci and E. Schulz Xl Part 6: Blends/Composites Structuring Copolymeric Blends via Composition Variation and Temperature Jump Experiments . 321 S. Klotz, C. Wendland, V. Krieger and H.-J. Cantow Polymer Blends from EPDM, PP and Inorganic Filler 326 R. Kosfeld, K. Schaefer, E. A. Hemmer and M. Hess Investigation of the Transcrystallised Interphase III Fibre- Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites 335 J. L. Thomason and A. A. van Rooyen The Molecular Mechanism of Adhesion Improvement of 3- Aminopropyltriethoxysilane in Glass Reinforced Nylon Model Composites . 343 L. W. Jenneskens, H. Angad Gaur, A. Venema, H. E. C. Schuurs, W. G. B. Huysmans, T. P. Huijgen, T. L. Weeding and W. S. Veeman Part 7: Miscellaneous Extensional Flow Predictions of Some Differential Models 351 P. Moldenaers and J. Mewis Plateau Modulus and Entanglements in Styrenics Copolymers 356 P. Lomellini and A. G. Rossi Processing of Thermotropic Co polyesters 361 J. A. Kingma and H. Geijselaers Cure Monitoring by Simultaneous Dielectric and Dynamic Mechanical Measurements . 366 R. E. Wetton, G. M. Foster and M. de Blok Moisture Sorption Mechanism of Kevlar Fibers 371 H. Kawai, M. Fukuda, M. Miyagawa and M. Ochi Mobile Charge Carriers in Pulse Irradiated Polyethylene 376 M. P. de Haas and A. Hummel

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