INSDE ISO 14000: The Competitive Advantage of Environmental Management

249 Pages·1996·15.719 MB·\249

by  Donald Alford Sayre (Author)

OTHER TITLES OF INTEREST FROM ST. LUCIE PRESS
ISO 9000: An Implementation Guide for Small and Mid-Sized Businesses
The 90-Day ISO 9000 Manual: Basics Manual and Implementation Guide
QS-9000 Handbook
Principles of Total Quality
Quality Improvement Handbook: Team Guide to Tools and Techniques
Total Quality Management: Text, Cases, and Readings, 2nd Edition
Introduction to Modern Statistical Quality Control and Management
Focused Quality: Managing for Results
The Executive Guide to Implementing Quality Systems
Total Quality Service: Principles, Practices, and Implementation
Total Quality in Purchasing and Supplier Management

INSIDE
I S 0 14000
The Competitive,
Advantage of
Environmental
Management
DON SAYRE
(e^)CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
Boca Raton London New York
CRC Press is an imprint of the
Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300
Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742
First issued in hardback 2017
© 1996 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business
No claim to original U.S. Government works
ISBN 13: 978-1-138-42424-1 (hbk)
ISBN 13: 978-1-57444-028-7 (pbk)
This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reason­
able efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher
cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The
authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in
this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not
been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so
we may rectify in any future reprint.
Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced,
transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or
hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information
storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers.
For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.
copyright.com (http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc.
(CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organiza­
tion that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been
granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged.
Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and
are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
and the CRC Press Web site at
http://www.crcpress.com
Table o f C o n t e n t s
Preface...............................................................................................ix
Acknowledgments.........................................................................xiii
About the Author...........................................................................xv
Introduction: ISO 14000—Environmental Management
Systems: General Guidelines on Principles, Systems
and Supporting Techniques.....................................................1
0 The Environmental Management Principles and Elements
of ISO 14000................................................................................1
0.1 Overview: Creating an Environmental Management
System...............................................................................11
0.2 Benefits of an Environmental Management System.....24
Chapter 1: The Scope of Environmental Management............35
Chapter 2: Environmental Management References................39
Chapter 3: Environmental Management System Definitions... 45
Chapter 4: Principles and Elements for Successful
Environmental Management.....................................53
4.1 Environmental Management Commitment and
Policy..................................................................................58
4.1.1 Leadership in an Environmental Management
System.....................................................................61
• Inside ISO 14000
4.1.2 The First Environmental Review...........................68
4.1.3 Writing Policy for Environmental
Management............................................................76
4.2 Environmental Management Planning...........................82
4.2.1 Identifying Environmental Aspects and
Evaluate Impacts....................................................85
4.2.2 Handling the Environmental Laws......................88
4.2.3 Establishing Performance Criteria........................94
4.2.4 From Policy to Objectives to Targets...................100
4.2.5 From Environmental Targets to Actions.............104
4.3 Implementing an Environmental Management
System..............................................................................106
4.3.1 Ensuring Environmental Management
Capability..............................................................107
4.3.2 Knowing What Resources Are Needed...............110
4.3.3 Aligning and Integrating Management
Systems.................................................................Ill
4.3.4 Assigning Responsibilities and
Accountability.......................................................112
4.3.5 Encouraging Environmental Management
Values....................................................................113
4.3.6 Assuring Know-How and Competence..............114
4.3.7 Supporting Your Environmental Management
System....................................................................118
4.3.8 Handling Communications..................................120
4.3.9 Handling Documentation....................................122
4.3.10 Handling Information and Records....................126
4.3.11 Controlling the Environmental Management
System...................................................................129
4.3.12 Preparing and Responding to Environmental
Emergencies...........................................................132
4.4 Measurements and Evaluations Required for an
Environmental Management System............................133
4.4.1 Measuring and Monitoring Ongoing
Environmental Management Performance.........133
4.4.2 Auditing an Environmental Management
System...................................................................134
Table of Contents · vii
4.5 Environmental Management Reviews and
Improvements.................................................................144
4.5.1 Reviewing an Environmental Management
System...................................................................145
4.5.2 Correcting and Preventing Environmental
Impacts...................................................................147
4.5.3 Continual Improvement of Environmental
Management.........................................................149
Chapter 5: Into the Heart of ISO 14001.......................................153
0 Introduction.............................................................................153
1 Scope.......................................................................................155
2 References: The ISO 9000 series and ISO 14000....................157
3 Definitions...............................................................................159
4 Environmental Management System.....................................160
4.0 General.............................................................................160
4.1 Environmental policy.....................................................160
4.2 Planning...........................................................................161
4.2.1 Environmental aspects..........................................161
4.2.2 Legal and other requirements..............................162
4.2.3 Objectives and targets...........................................162
4.2.4 Environmental management programs..............163
4.3 Implementation and operation.......................................163
4.3.1 Structure and responsibility.................................163
4.3.2 Training, awareness and competence.................164
4.3.3 Communication....................................................165
4.3.4 Environmental management system
documentation......................................................165
4.3.5 Document control.................................................166
4.3.6 Operational control..............................................167
4.3.7 Emergency preparedness and response..............167
4.4 Checking and corrective action......................................168
4.4.1 Monitoring and measurement.............................168
4.4.2 Nonconformance and corrective and preventive
action....................................................................168
4.4.3 Records..................................................................169
4.4.4 Environmental management system audit.........171
4.5 Management review.......................................................172
viii · Inside ISO 14000
Chapter 6: Making ISO 14000 a Reality......................................173
Focus on Process......................................................................173
Making Environmental Management a Reality................. 176
The Realities of Integrating Economics and Environment.... 178
Chapter 7: The Future of ISO 14000..........................................181
Appendix A: Environmental Management System
Checklist.................................................................................185
Policy.........................................................................................186
Environmental Aspects and Impacts......................................187
Environmental Objectives and Targets.............................. 189
Environmental Plans and Program...................................... 189
Human, Physical and Financial Resources...................... 191
Organizational Alignment and Integration...........................192
Accountability and Responsibility.........................................192
Environmental Values ............................................................. 193
Knowledge, Skills and Training......................................... 194
Communication and Reporting.............................................194
Documentation.......................................................................194
Records and Information Management............................... 195
Emergency Preparedness and Response ..............................196
Measuring and Monitoring.............................................. 197
Review .....................................................................................198
Corrective and Preventive Action and Continual
Improvement.............................................................. 198
Appendix B: System Flowchart................................................. 201
Appendix C: Sample Procedure Format and Content.............203
Bibliography................................................................. 207
Index.............................................................................................215
P reface
St. Lucie Press approached me with the idea of a primer on ISO
14000, the upcoming environmental management systems stan­
dard soon to be finalized by the International Organization for
Standardization. I knew the committee draft of the standard and
was (still am) in love with the concepts and promises it makes. So,
I said, sure, let's do it. This primer is the result of our initial
conversation.
This primer is written to present the principles discussed in the
ISO 14000 series of standards and guidelines without duplicating
exact text. I firmly believe that the content of the final series will be
close to what has been drafted, balloted and agreed to so far. The
daughter standards are changing even as I write, but the mother
and family of ISO 14000 will change very little.
The function of this primer is to promote adoption of the speci­
fication and guidance documents within the ISO 14000 series. I act
as the messenger, attempting to bring the word down from the
mountain top so you can see it, hold it, consider its wisdom, and act
in good conscience to protect and preserve the environment. I try to
tell you everything I know of value on establishing, implementing,
maintaining, and evaluating an effective environmental manage­
ment system.
For the price of this book, you get everything you need to know.
The key to good environmental management is the systems ap­
proach, summarized as follows:
ix