Table Of Content

S c PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC h rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo w ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv Information Technology a jjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee l eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr b e cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff Project Management Revised 6e 2222222222222222222222222222222222222222222 ttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttt ®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®®® 00000000000000000000000000000000000000 11111111111111111111111111111111111111 I 000000000000000000000000000000000000000 n f P o r o r j Although project management has been an e m c established fi eld for many years, managing t FullPyM uBpOdKat® eGdu fiodre ,the information technology requires ideas and Ma Fourth Edition to help information that go beyond standard project ant you prepare for management. Now in its revised sixth edition, ai Project Management Information Technology Project Management go certiﬁ cation exams. weaves together theory and practice to present en m an understandable, integrated view of the many eT concepts skills, tools, and techniques involved in n project management. te c This text provides up-to-date information on how good project management and eff ective h R use of software can help you successfully manage information technology projects. Appendix n e A contains a detailed guide for using Microsoft® Project 2010, which is the most widely used vo project management software tool today. This comprehensive appendix teaches you the i sl fundamentals of Project 2010 in the context of project scope, time, cost, human resources, and eo communications management. Exercises at the end of the appendix will help you test your skills! dg 6y Visit the Premium Web site at www.cengage.com/mis/schwalbe to fi nd Jeopardy games, e podcasts, updated resources, Quick Quizzes, and more. Information Technology Kathy Schwalbe Project Management Revised 6e Kathy Schwalbe To learn more about Course Technology, visit www.cengage.com/coursetechnology To learn more about Cengage Learning, visit www.cengage.com Purchase any of our products at your local college store or at our preferred online store www.cengagebrain.com 11111111222211775588__ccvvrr__ssee..iinndddd 11 44//1144//1100 99::1111 AAMM I N F O R M A T I O N T E C H N O L O G Y P R O J E C T M A N A G E M E N T I N F O R M A T I O N T E C H N O L O G Y P R O J E C T M A N A G E M E N T REVISED Sixth Edition Kathy Schwalbe, Ph.D., PMP Augsburg College Australia Brazil Japan Korea Mexico Singapore Spain UnitedKingdom UnitedStates InformationTechnologyProjectManagement, ©2011CourseTechnology,CengageLearning REVISEDSixthEdition ALLRIGHTSRESERVED.Nopartofthisworkcoveredbythecopyrightherein maybereproduced,transmitted,storedorusedinanyformorbyanymeans KathySchwalbe graphic,electronic,ormechanical,includingbutnotlimitedtophotocopying, recording,scanning,digitizing,taping,Webdistribution,informationnetworks, ExecutiveVicePresidentandPublisher: orinformationstorageandretrievalsystems,exceptaspermittedunder JonathanHulbert Section107or108ofthe1976UnitedStatesCopyrightAct,withoutthe priorwrittenpermissionofthepublisher. 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CoverDesigner:CraigRamsdell ThematerialthatisreprintedfromthePMBOK®Guide,FourthEdition(©2008 ProjectManagementInstitute,Inc.,allrightsreserved)isusedwithpermissionofthe CoverImage:©GettyImages/DigitalVision ProjectManagementInstitute,Inc.,FourCampusBoulevard,NewtownSquare,PA ManufacturingCoordinator:JulioEsperas 19073-2399,USA.Phone:(610)356-4600,Fax:(610)356-4647.Project Compositor:PreMediaGlobal ManagementInstitute(PMI)istheworld’sleadingprojectmanagementassociation withover270,000membersworldwide.Forfurtherinformation,contactPMI Headquartersat(610)356-4600orvisittheWebsiteatwww.pmi.org. PMI,PMP,andPMBOKareregisteredmarksoftheProjectManagementInstitute,Inc. LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2010929569 StudentEdition: ISBN-13:978-1-111-22175-1 ISBN-10:1-111-22175-8 Instructor'sEdition: ISBN-13:978-0-538-48268-4 ISBN-10:0-538-48268-0 CourseTechnology 20ChannelCenterStreet Boston,MA02210 USA CourseTechnology,apartofCengageLearning,reservestherighttorevisethis publicationandmakechangesfromtimetotimeinitscontentwithoutnotice. CengageLearningisaleadingproviderofcustomizedlearningsolutionswith officelocationsaroundtheglobe,includingSingapore,theUnitedKingdom, Australia,Mexico,BrazilandJapan.Locateyourlocalofficeat: www.cengage.com/global CengageLearningproductsarerepresentedinCanadabyNelsonEducation,Ltd. TolearnmoreaboutCourseTechnology,visitwww.cengage.com/ coursetechnology PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica Purchaseanyofourproductsatyourlocalcollegestoreoratourpreferredonline 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 14 13 12 11 10 storewww.cengagebrain.com ForDan,Anne,Bobby,andScott BRIEF CONTENTS Chapter 1 Introduction to Project Management 1 Chapter 2 The Project Management and Information Technology Context 43 Chapter 3 The Project Management Process Groups: A Case Study 77 Chapter 4 Project Integration Management 129 Chapter 5 Project Scope Management 177 Chapter 6 Project Time Management 211 Chapter 7 Project Cost Management 253 Chapter 8 Project Quality Management 291 Chapter 9 Project Human Resource Management 337 Chapter 10 Project Communications Management 381 Chapter 11 Project Risk Management 421 Chapter 12 Project Procurement Management 461 Appendix A Guide to Using Microsoft Project 2010 A.1 Appendix B Advice for the Project Management Professional (PMP) Exam and Related Certifications B.1 Appendix C Additional Running Cases and Simulation Software C.1 Glossary G.1 Index I.1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface xvii Chapter 1 Introduction to Project Management 1 Introduction 2 WhatIsa Project? 4 ExamplesofInformationTechnologyProjects 4 ProjectAttributes 6 TheTripleConstraint 8 WhatIsProjectManagement? 10 ProjectStakeholders 10 ProjectManagementKnowledgeAreas 12 ProjectManagementToolsandTechniques 12 ProjectSuccess 14 ProgramandProjectPortfolioManagement 17 Programs 17 ProjectPortfolioManagement 18 TheRoleoftheProjectManager 21 ProjectManagerJobDescription 21 SuggestedSkillsforProjectManagers 22 Importance ofPeople andLeadershipSkills 24 CareersforInformationTechnologyProjectManagers 25 TheProjectManagementProfession 27 HistoryofProjectManagement 27 TheProjectManagementInstitute 29 ProjectManagementCertification 30 EthicsinProjectManagement 31 ProjectManagementSoftware 32 ChapterSummary 35 QuickQuiz 35 DiscussionQuestions 37 Exercises 38 CompanionWebSite 39 KeyTerms 39 EndNotes 40 Chapter 2 The Project Management and Information Technology Context 43 ASystemsViewofProjectManagement 44 WhatIsa SystemsApproach? 45 TheThree-Sphere ModelforSystemsManagement 45 UnderstandingOrganizations 47 TheFourFramesofOrganizations 47 OrganizationalStructures 48 OrganizationalCulture 51 Stakeholder Management 52 TheImportance ofTopManagementCommitment 54 TheNeedforOrganizationalCommitmenttoInformationTechnology 55 TheNeedforOrganizationalStandards 56 ProjectPhasesandtheProjectLife Cycle 57 ProductLifeCycles 59 TheImportance ofProjectPhasesandManagementReviews 61 TheContextofInformationTechnologyProjects 63 TheNatureofInformationTechnologyProjects 63 CharacteristicsofInformationTechnologyProjectTeamMembers 64 DiverseTechnologies 64 RecentTrendsAffectingInformationTechnologyProjectManagement 65 Globalization 65 Outsourcing 66 VirtualTeams 67 ChapterSummary 70 QuickQuiz 71 DiscussionQuestions 72 Exercises 73 CompanionWebSite 74 KeyTerms 74 EndNotes 75 Chapter 3 The Project Management Process Groups: A Case Study 77 ProjectManagementProcessGroups 78 Mappingthe ProcessGroupstothe KnowledgeAreas 83 DevelopinganInformationTechnologyProject ManagementMethodology 85 CaseStudy:JWDConsultingsProjectManagementIntranetSite Project 86 ProjectPre-InitiationandInitiation 87 ProjectPlanning 96 ProjectExecution 106 ProjectMonitoringandControlling 111 ProjectClosing 114 ChapterSummary 123 QuickQuiz 123 DiscussionQuestions 125 Exercises 125 CompanionWebSite 126 KeyTerms 127 EndNotes 127 viii TableofContents Chapter 4 Project Integration Management 129 WhatIsProjectIntegrationManagement? 130 Strategic PlanningandProjectSelection 133 Strategic Planning 133 IdentifyingPotentialProjects 135 AligningInformationTechnologywithBusinessStrategy 136 Methodsfor SelectingProjects 138 Developinga ProjectCharter 147 Developinga ProjectManagementPlan 151 ProjectManagementPlanContents 151 UsingGuidelinestoCreate ProjectManagementPlans 154 DirectingandManagingProjectExecution 156 CoordinatingPlanningandExecution 156 ProvidingStrongLeadershipanda SupportiveCulture 157 CapitalizingonProduct,Business,andApplicationAreaKnowledge 157 ProjectExecutionToolsandTechniques 158 MonitoringandControllingProjectWork 159 PerformingIntegrated ChangeControl 161 ChangeControlonInformationTechnologyProjects 162 ChangeControlSystem 162 ClosingProjectsorPhases 164 UsingSoftware toAssistinProjectIntegrationManagement 165 ChapterSummary 167 QuickQuiz 168 DiscussionQuestions 169 Exercises 170 RunningCase 171 Tasks 172 CompanionWebSite 173 KeyTerms 173 EndNotes 174 Chapter 5 Project Scope Management 177 WhatIsProjectScopeManagement? 178 CollectingRequirements 179 WhatAre Requirements? 179 HowDoYouCollectRequirements? 181 HowDoYouDocumentRequirements? 182 DefiningScope 183 CreatingtheWorkBreakdownStructure 186 ApproachestoDevelopingWorkBreakdownStructures 191 TheWBSDictionary andScope Baseline 194 Advicefor Creatinga WBSandWBSDictionary 196 VerifyingScope 196 ControllingScope 198 SuggestionsforImprovingUserInput 200 TableofContents ix