01_777110 ffirs.qxp 11/15/06 4:21 PM Page iii Information Development Managing Your Documentation Projects, Portfolio, and People JoAnn T. Hackos, PhD 01_777110 ffirs.qxp 11/15/06 4:21 PM Page i Information Development 01_777110 ffirs.qxp 11/15/06 4:21 PM Page ii 01_777110 ffirs.qxp 11/15/06 4:21 PM Page iii Information Development Managing Your Documentation Projects, Portfolio, and People JoAnn T. Hackos, PhD 01_777110 ffirs.qxp 11/15/06 4:21 PM Page iv Information Development: Managing Your Documentation Projects, Portfolio, and People Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc. 10475 Crosspoint Boulevard Indianapolis, IN 46256 www.wiley.com Copyright © 2007 by JoAnn T. Hackos Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana Published simultaneously in Canada ISBN-13: 978-0-471-77711-3 ISBN-10: 0-471-77711-0 Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1MA/SY/RR/QW/IN No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Legal Department, Wiley Publishing, Inc., 10475 Crosspoint Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46256, (317) 572-3447, fax (317) 572-4355, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty:The publisher and the author make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation warranties of fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales or promotional materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for every situation. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional services. If professional assistance is required, the services of a competent professional person should be sought. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for damages arising herefrom. The fact that an organization or Website is referred to in this work as a citation and/or a potential source of further information does not mean that the author or the publisher endorses the information the organization or Website may provide or recommendations it may make. Further, readers should be aware that Internet Websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. For general information on our other products and services or to obtain technical support, please contact our Customer Care Department within the U.S. at (800) 762-2974, outside the U.S. at (317) 572-3993 or fax (317) 572-4002. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Hackos, JoAnn T. Information Development : Managing Your Documentation Projects, Portfolio, and People / JoAnn T. Hackos. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-471-77711-3 (paper/website) ISBN-10: 0-471-77711-0 (paper/website) 1. Information resources management. 2. Information technology—Management. I. Title. T58.64.H32 2006 658.4’038—dc22 2006030049 Trademarks:Wiley, the Wiley logo, and related trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates, in the United States and other countries, and may not be used without written permission. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Wiley Publishing, Inc., is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. 01_777110 ffirs.qxp 11/15/06 4:21 PM Page v About the Author Dr. JoAnn Hackos is President of Comtech Services, a content-management and information-design firm based in Denver, which she founded in 1978. She directs the Center for Information-Development Management (CIDM), a membership organization focused on content-management and information-development best practices. Dr. Hackos is called upon by corporate executives worldwide to consult on strategies for content management, information design and development, organizational management, cus- tomer studies, information architecture, and tools and technology selection. For more than 25 years, Dr. Hackos has addressed audiences internationally on subjects ranging from content management, project management, structured writing and minimal information products, usability studies, and online and Web-based information to manag- ing the information design and development process. Her seminars are dedicated to enhancing the practices and products that will best promote customer satisfaction and increase productivity. She has authored Content Management for Dynamic Web Delivery (Wiley 2002), Managing Your Documentation Projects(Wiley 1994), co-authored with Dawn Stevens Standards for Online Communication(Wiley 1997), and co-authored with Ginny Redish User and Task Analysis for Interface Design(Wiley 1998). JoAnn is a Fellow and Past President of the International Society for Technical Communication (STC). She is a founder with IBM of the OASIS Technical Committee for the DITAstandard (Darwin Information Typing Architecture). Her latest book, Information Development: Managing Your Documentation Projects, Portfolio, and People, is expected to be available late in 2006. Recent clients include The International Monetary Fund, The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve, Siemens Medical, Hewlett-Packard, The American Red Cross, Network Appliance, Varian Oncology Systems, Kone Elevators and Escalators, Dell Computer, Cadence Design Systems, SAP, Avaya, Lucent Technologies, Nokia, Motorola, Nortel, Federal Express, Compaq Computer, and more. 01_777110 ffirs.qxp 11/15/06 4:21 PM Page vi 01_777110 ffirs.qxp 11/15/06 4:21 PM Page vii Credits EXECUTIVE EDITOR VICE PRESIDENT AND EXECUTIVE PUBLISHER Robert Elliott Joseph B. Wikert DEVELOPMENT EDITOR PROJECT COORDINATORS Ami Frank Sullivan Kristie Rees Ryan Steffen PRODUCTION EDITORS Eric Charbonneau GRAPHICS AND PRODUCTION SPECIALISTS Pamela Hanley Joni Burns Carrie A.Foster COPY EDITORS Brooke Graczyk Foxxe Editorial Barbara Moore KristiBullard Alicia B.South EDITORIAL MANAGER QUALITY CONTROL TECHNICIANS Mary Beth Wakefield John Greenough Brian H. Walls PRODUCTION MANAGER Tim Tate PROOFREADING KristiBullard VICE PRESIDENT AND EXECUTIVE GROUP Techbooks PUBLISHER Richard Swadley INDEXING Techbooks vii 01_777110 ffirs.qxp 11/15/06 4:21 PM Page viii