Infant, Child and Adolescent Nutrition : A Practical Handbook

265 Pages·2013·3.27 MB·English

by  More

Clinical Medicine I
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Infant, Child and a Infant, Child and
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Adolescent Nutrition
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Judy More
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An evidence-based and practical guide spanning pre-natal nutrition through to adolescent d handbook
nutrition, Infant, Child and Adolescent Nutrition provides an introduction to theory with
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practical applications for students, nutritionists, and professionals in the community.
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The book begins with a discussion of nutritional requirements, balanced diet, and social o
and cultural influences on food choices. It then provides a balanced eating pattern for l
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each age group, covering expected growth patterns, development affecting eating and
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drinking skills, and common problems such as reflux in infants, fussy eaters in the toddler
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years, and eating disorders and pregnancy in the teenage years. Chapters highlight
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common problems and disorders, such as obesity, diabetes, and food intolerances, that
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can occur at any stage throughout childhood. They then cover nutritional support in the
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community, reflecting the increasing numbers of chronically sick children who are now
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managed in the primary care setting.
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• Refers specifically to WHO recommendations and current UK guidelines
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• Includes case studies, key points, and activities to help readers learn r
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• Provides meal planners for nurseries and schools t
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With everything you need to know in one book, this is essential reading for students on a n
range of nutrition and health care courses. It will also be a useful reference for all those
responsible for the nutritional health of children in primary care and community settings.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR M
Judy More BSc, RD, RNutr, is a Paediatric Dietitian, Honorary Lecturer at the o
University of Plymouth, UK and Director, Child-Nutrition.Co.UK Ltd, London, UK. r
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K18762
6000 Broken Sound Parkway, NW
Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487 ISBN: 978-1-4441-1185-9
711 Third Avenue 90000 Judy More
an informa business New York, NY 10017
2 Park Square, Milton Park
www.taylorandfrancisgroup.com Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN, UK 9 781444 111859
Infant, Child and
Adolescent Nutrition
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Infant, Child and
Adolescent Nutrition
A practical handbook
Judy More DipNut&Diet RD RNutr
bsc
Paediatric Dietitian, Honorary Lecturer,
School of Health Professions,
University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
Boca Raton London New York
CRC Press is an imprint of the
Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
K18762.indb 3 04/01/13 1:31 PM
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300
Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742
© 2013 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business
No claim to original U.S. Government works
Version Date: 20130114
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4441-4989-0 (eBook - PDF)
This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. While all reasonable efforts have been made to
publish reliable data and information, neither the author[s] nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors
or omissions that may be made. The publishers wish to make clear that any views or opinions expressed in this book by individual editors,
authors or contributors are personal to them and do not necessarily reflect the views/opinions of the publishers. The information or guid-
ance contained in this book is intended for use by medical, scientific or health-care professionals and is provided strictly as a supplement to
the medical or other professional’s own judgement, their knowledge of the patient’s medical history, relevant manufacturer’s instructions
and the appropriate best practice guidelines. Because of the rapid advances in medical science, any information or advice on dosages, pro-
cedures or diagnoses should be independently verified. The reader is strongly urged to consult the drug companies’ printed instructions,
and their websites, before administering any of the drugs recommended in this book. This book does not indicate whether a particular
treatment is appropriate or suitable for a particular individual. Ultimately it is the sole responsibility of the medical professional to make
his or her own professional judgements, so as to advise and treat patients appropriately. The authors and publishers have also attempted
to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in
this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in
any future reprint.
Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by
any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in
any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers.
For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copyright.com (http://www.copyright.
com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-
profit organization that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy
license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged.
Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and
explanation without intent to infringe.
Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
and the CRC Press Web site at
http://www.crcpress.com
Contents
Preface vii
Section 1 Nutritional Requirements and Healthy Eating
1.1 Nutritional Requirements 2
1.2 Principles of a Balanced Nutritious Diet for Children over 1 Year 13
1.3 Social and Cultural Influences on Food Choices 25
Section 2 Assessment of Growth and Nutritional Intake
2.1 Measuring and Assessing Growth 38
2.2 Assessing Nutritional Intake 47
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group Section 3 Prenatal Nutrition
6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300
Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 3.1 Preconception and Fertility 58
© 2013 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 3.2 Pregnancy 63
CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business
No claim to original U.S. Government works Section 4 Infants: 0–12 Months
Printed on acid-free paper 4.1 Milk Feeding 80
Version Date: 20121128
4.2 Weaning onto Solid Foods – Complementary Feeding 99
International Standard Book Number: 978-1-4441-1185-9 (Paperback)
4.3 Common Feeding Problems in Infancy 113
This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to pub-
lish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the 4.4 Preterm Infants 122
consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in
this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright
material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Section 5 Preschool Children: 1–4 Years
Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any 5.1 Preschool Children 1–4 Years 134
form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and
recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. 5.2 Common Nutritional Problems in Preschool Children 146
For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copyright.com (http://www.copy- 5.3 Feeding Preschool Children in Childcare Settings 157
right.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400.
CCC is a not-for-profit organization that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been
Section 6 School Age Children
granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged.
6.1 Primary School Age Children 164
Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification
and explanation without intent to infringe.
6.2 Nutrition for Adolescents 173
Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
Section 7 Nutrition for Chronic Conditions
and the CRC Press Web site at
http://www.crcpress.com 7.1 Food Hypersensitivity – Food Allergies and Intolerances 186
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vi Contents
7.2 Childhood Obesity 197
7.3 Nutrition for Children with Chronic Diseases and Syndromes 207
Glossary 223
Answers to Activities 225
Appendix 1: Function and Food Sources of Nutrients 229
Appendix 2: Growth Charts 234
Appendix 3: BMI and Waist Circumference Charts 242
Index 246
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vii
Preface
From conception through to adolescence, purchase and consume. These topics are explored
nutritional intake and status affect the health and in this text to help parents, carers, caterers, advisors
wellbeing of children during their childhood and and educators manage mealtime behaviour and
on into their adult years. Myths and confusion provide suitable nutritious meals and snacks for
surrounding the topic of nutrition for children can children.
compromise the health of some children. To Health professionals working with children,
combat this, evidence-based information has been be they paediatricians, general practitioners,
compiled in this book to provide a comprehensive nurses, health visitors, social workers, nursery
guide to the theory behind nutrition from nurses, school nurses, practice nurses, breast
preconception to adolescence. feeding counsellors, allied health professionals or
Putting the theory into practice is another dietitians, can use this text to find reliable
challenge that requires an understanding of how nutritional information to pass on to parents and
children’s feeding skills develop, how children children. It is an essential reference for them and
learn to like foods, how their attitudes to eating for students in all medical and social care
food change with age and why families and courses.
children choose the foods and drinks that they Judy More
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Section 1
Nutritional Requirements and Healthy
Eating
1.1 Nutritional Requirements
1.2 Principles of a Balanced Nutritious Diet for Children Over 1 Year
1.3 Social and Cultural Influences on Food Choices
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