Industry 4.0: Technologies, Applications, and Challenges PDF
Preview Industry 4.0: Technologies, Applications, and Challenges
Emerging Trends in Mechatronics Aydin Azizi Reza Vatankhah Barenji Editors Industry 4.0 Technologies, Applications, and Challenges Emerging Trends in Mechatronics Series Editor Aydin Azizi, Oxford, UK · Aydin Azizi Reza Vatankhah Barenji Editors Industry 4.0 Technologies, Applications, and Challenges Editors Aydin Azizi Reza Vatankhah Barenji School of Engineering Department of Engineering Computing and Mathematics School of Science and Technology Oxford Brookes University Nottingham Trent University Oxford, UK Nottingham, UK ISSN 2731-4855 ISSN 2731-4863 (electronic) Emerging Trends in Mechatronics ISBN 978-981-19-2011-0 ISBN 978-981-19-2012-7 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2012-7 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore Contents Industry 4.0 Concepts, Technologies, and Its Ecosystem ............... 1 Kubra Nur Ozcan, Ozge Yesilyurt, Serap Demir, and Batihan Konuk Cyber-Physical Systems—Manufacturing Applications ................ 35 Ay¸segül Kocabay and Hatef Javadi Internet of Things: Success Stores and Challenges in Manufacturing .................................................. 57 Mahmut Onur Karaman, Serap Demir, S¸eyda Nur Börü, and Senem Masat Blockchain Technology and Its Role in Industry 4.0 ................... 93 Ozge Yesilyurt, Kubra Nur Ozcan, Merve Melis Ergün, and Hatef Javadi Blockchain Technology Application in Manufacturing ................ 117 Melis Etim and Egemen Akçay Virtual Manufacturing, Technologies, and Applications ............... 135 S¸eyda Nur Börü and Senem Masat Digital Twin and Its Applications ................................... 151 Merve Melis Ergün, Ays¸egül Kocabay, Yıldız Merve Yesilcimen, and Merve Turanli Parlaktuna Big Data Analytics in Industry 4.0 .................................. 171 Mustafa Bugra Ozcan, Batıhan Konuk, and Yıldız Merve Yesilcimen Blockchain Technology in Supply Chain Management: Challenge and Future Perspectives ............................................ 201 Mahdi Arabian, Mazyar Ghadiri Nejad, and Reza Vatankhah Barenji Toward Pharma 4.0 in Drug Discovery .............................. 221 Reza Ebrahimi Hariry, Reza Vatankhah Barenji, and Aydin Azizi v vi Contents What Military 4.0 IS: Applications and Challenges ................... 239 Egemen Akçay, Melis Etim, Mahmut Onur Karaman, and Merve Turanli Parlaktuna Toward Industry 5.0: Cognitive Cyber-Physical System ............... 257 Zohreh Saadati and Reza Vatankhah Barenji Industry 4.0 Concepts, Technologies, and Its Ecosystem Kubra Nur Ozcan, Ozge Yesilyurt, Serap Demir, and Batihan Konuk 1 Introduction Simply expressed, industry refers to a country’s production of commodities and services. The first, second, and third industrial revolutions, respectively, are ex-post referred to as the successive stages of industrialization [1]. Industry 4.0, also known as “Smart Manufacturing” or “Fourth Industrial Revolu- tion,” was first conceived in Germany in 2011 during the Hannover Fair by German academics, practitioners, and government officials. Industry 4.0 and Smart factory are both terms that are used interchangeably when referring to smart manufacturing. Some refer to it as the “Industrial Internet of Things.” Given the massive data volumes created by the system on a daily basis, smart manufacturing is the convergence and fusion of innovative digital technologies that are projected to change the dimensions of the manufacturing sector beyond conception [2]. The digitalization of the manufacturing industry is a hallmark of the Fourth Indus- trial Revolution, as is the explosion in data volume, processing power, and connection (especially in new low power networks). Industry 4.0 refers to a digital revolution that is currently sweeping the world, with the goal of digitizing the whole manufacturing process with minimal human or physical interaction. The goal is to cover as many industries as possible while adapting and improving existing technology to meet the demands of digital manufacturing. High-performance information technology offers new options for analytics and corporate intelligence, as well as unconventional human–machine communication, such as touch interfaces and the like [3]. B K. N. Ozcan ( ) · O. Yesilyurt · S. Demir · B. Konuk Department of Industrial Engineering, Hacettepe University, Beytepe Campus 06800, Ankara, Turkey e-mail: [email protected] © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023 1 A. Azizi and R. V. Barenji (eds.), Industry 4.0, Emerging Trends in Mechatronics, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2012-7_1 2 K.N.Ozcanetal. Smart manufacturing, smart factories, and the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) are just a few of the Industry 4.0 buzzwords. Global rivalry is fueled by the ever- changing expectations of today’s consumers. These expectations necessitate a signif- icant shift in the manufacturing process. The shift and ever-increasing client needs and expectations for personalized products, faster-than-ever replies, and companies’ responses in meeting these demands and remaining competitive are important drivers of this revolution. Industry 4.0 is a bright new light of hope for achieving this goal. It brings together business, manufacturing, suppliers, and customers [1]. Phases and key contributions of industrial revolution are indicated in the Fig.1. 1.1 The First Industrial Revolution (1765) The bulk of people in the pre-industrial era lived in small, rural settlements, reliant on agriculture for survival and money, with low wages and widespread malnutrition and disease. The majority of people’s food and clothing needs were met by individuals, and the tiny amount of manufacturing that was done was done at home or in small shops using rudimentary hand tools and machines [1]. The first industrial revolution ushered in a pivotal period in human history, affecting practically every area of daily life. From 1760 through 1840, produc- tion settings, particularly industry, were destined to undergo significant changes. Great Britain was the first country to transition from an agricultural to an industrial economy, followed by numerous European countries such as Belgium, France, and Germany [4]. Textile industries were the largest industries in terms of capital investment, output, and number of jobs offered during this time period, and they were also the first to apply contemporary manufacturing processes. The introduction of coal, iron, railroads, and textiles were all major advancements in the first industrial revolution, which began in 1764 with James Hargreaves’ discovery of the spinning jenny. Because of the growth of railroads and the acceleration of economic, human, and material transformations, mass coal extraction and the advent of the steam engine provided a new type of energy that propelled all processes forward [5]. Figure 2 illustrates the first mechanical loom. 1.2 The Second Industrial Revolution (1870) Despite some parallels to the first industrial revolution, the second industrial revolu- tion, sometimes referred to as the technological revolution, took place between 1870 and 1914. This brief period of history saw a renewed and stronger acceleration of the industrialization process, owing to scientific breakthroughs such as the development of lighter materials such as alloys and synthetics, as well as the adoption of a new energy source, namely electricity. Within manufacturing facilities, the first assembly Industry4.0Concepts,Technologies,andItsEcosystem 3 Fig. 1 Phases and key contributions of industrial revolution [1] 4 K.N.Ozcanetal. Fig. 2 First mechanical loom Doncaster England, 1784 lines were constructed, laying the groundwork for the future phenomenon of mass production [4]. In addition, the steel industry began to develop and flourish in tandem with the ever-increasing demand for steel. With the creation of the telegraph and telephone, as well as the introduction of the vehicle and plane around the turn of the twentieth century, communication and transportation systems were transformed. Disinfectants and antiseptics, including phenol and bromines, the role of bacteria in wound infec- tion, salicylic acid, and other artificial materials were also developed by chemistry. During this revolution, electric generators, vacuum pumps, gas lighting systems, and transformers were invented. Electricity was identified as a universal energy trans- mission system. Railways have become faster, diesel engines have been invented, and clipper ships have been developed in the field of autos [5]. On the other hand, the second industrial revolution resulted in widespread poverty, job loss as humans were replaced by machines, deep depression, and widespread economic insecurity. With the outbreak of World War I, the second industrial revolution came to an end [1]. 1.3 The Third Industrial Revolution (1969) Partially automated processes employing memory-programmable controllers and computers kicked off the Third Industrial Revolution in the 1970s. Following the
The list of books you might like
