Indigenous and Traditional Peoples and Protected Areas: principles, guidelines and case studies PDF
Preview Indigenous and Traditional Peoples and Protected Areas: principles, guidelines and case studies
World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA) Indigenous and Peoples Traditional and Protected Areas Principles, Guidelines and Case Studies Edited and coordinated by Javier Beitran Adrian Phillips, Series Editor Best Practice Protected Area Guidelines Series No. 4 lUCN Cardiff UNIVERSITY TheWorldConservationUnion (\i-Ki^) 1oo< TheseGuidelinesareoneoftiie BestPracticeProtectedAreaGuidelinesseries. The Series Editor is Prof. Adrian Phillips. Otherpublications inthe series are as follows: NationalSystem PlanningforProtectedAreas. No. 1. Adrian G. Davey, 1998, X + 71pp. Economic Values ofProtectedAreas: GuidelinesforProtectedAreaManagers. No. 2. Task Force on Economic Benefits of Protected Areas for the World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA) lUCN in collaboration with the Economics Service Unit oflUCN, 1998, xii + 52pp. GuidelinesforMarineProtectedAreas. No. 3. Graeme Kelleher, 1999, xxiv + 107pp. FinancingProtectedAreas: GuidelinesforProtectedArea Managers. No. 5. Financing Protected Areas Task Force ofthe World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA) oflUCN, in collaboration with the Economics Unit oflUCN, 2000. viii + 58pp. Evaluating Effectiveness: A Frameworkfor Assessing the Management of ProtectedAreas.No. 6. MarcHockings, SueStoltonandNigelDudley,2000,x + 121pp. Indigenous and Traditional Peoples and Protected Areas Principles, Guidelines and Case Studies lUCN - The World Conservation Union Founded in 1948, The World Conservation Union brings together States, government agencies and a diverse range of non-governmental organizations in a unique world partnership: over950 members in all, spread across some 139 countries. As a Union, lUCN seeks to influence, encourage and assist societies throughout the world to conserve the integrity and diversity of nature and to ensure that any use of natural resources is equitable and ecologically sustainable. A central secretariat co- ordinates the lUCN Programme and serves the Union membership, representing their views on the world stage and providing them with the strategies, services, scientific knowledge and technical support they need to achieve their goals. Through its six Commissions, lUCN draws togetherover 10,000expertvolunteers in projectteams and action groups, focusing in particular on species and biodiversity conservation and the managementofhabitats andnatural resources. The Union has helped many countries to prepareNational Conservation Strategies,anddemonstratestheapplicationofitsknow- ledge through the field projects it supervises. Operations are increasingly decentralized and are carried forward by an expanding network of regional and country offices, located principally in developing countries. The World Conservation Union builds on the strengths ofits members, networks and partners to enhance their capacity and to support global alliances to safeguard natural resources at local, regional and global levels. Cardiff University The Department ofCity and Regional Planning, CardiffUniversity is pleased to be a partner in the production of this important series of guidelines for protected area planning and management. The Department, through its Environmental Planning ResearchUnit, is actively involved in protectedareas research; runs specialisedcourses on planning and environmental policy; and has a large Graduate School offering opportunities for persons interested in pursuing research for a PhD or as part ofwider career development. Ifyou are interested in learning more about the Department, its research capabilities and courses please write to us at the address given below. ProfessorTerry Marsden BAHon., PhD, MRTPI Head ofDepartment Department ofCity and Regional Planning CardiffUniversity Glamorgan Building King Edward Vllth Avenue Cardiff, CFIO 3WA, Wales, UK Tel: +44 2920 874022 Fax: +44 2920 874845 Email: [email protected] Web site: www.cfac.uk Indigenous and Traditional Peoples and Protected Areas Principles, Guidelines and Case Studies Edited and coordinated by Javier Beltran Series Editor: Adrian Phillips World Commission on Protected Areas Best Practice Protected Area Guidelines Series No. 4 lUCN - The World Conservation Union 2000 Thedesignationofgeographicalentitiesinthisbook,andthepresentationofthematerial,donot imply the expression ofany opinion whatsoever on the part of lUCN, CardiffUniversity or WWF International concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, orconcerningthedelimitationofits frontiersorboundaries. Furthermore, theviews expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those oflUCN, CardiffUniversity or WWF International. WWF This publication has been made possible in large part by funding from International, CardiffUniversity and lUCN. Publishedby: lUCN, Gland, Switzerland, and Cambridge, UK and WWF International, Gland, Switzerland. lUCN Cardiff UNIVERSITY TheWorldConservationUnion Copyright: © 2000 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Reproduction ofthis publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized withoutpriorwritten permission from the copyright holderprovidedthe source is fiilly acknowledged. Reproduction ofthis publication forresale orothercommercial purposes is prohibitedwithoutpriorwrittenpermissionofthe copyrightholders. Citation: Beltran, J. (Ed.) (2000). Indigenous and TraditionalPeoplesandProtected Areas: Principles. Guidelines andCaseStudies. lUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK and WWF International, Gland, Switzerland, xi + I33pp. ISBN: 2-8317-0547-9 Coverdesign by: lUCN Publications Services Unit Coverphotos: Frontcoverphoto: BuddhistshrineandTamserkaMt., SagarmathaNational Park, Nepal: WWF/Jim Thorsell/IUCN. Back cover photos: Karen Hill tribes living in balance with nature, buffer zone, Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary, Thailand: WWF/Hartmut Jungius/WWF; Han Chinese, Xishuangbanna, China: WWF/Charles Santiapillai;Juniperusprocera, Amhara shepherd at the foot ofanAfi-ican cedar, Ethiopia: Michael Gunther/WWF/BIOS; Dai women having their bath in river, Xishuangbanna, China: WWF/CharlesSantiapillai. Layoutby: lUCN Publications Services Unit Producedby: lUCN Publications Services Unit Printedby: Page Bros,Norwich, UK Available from: lUCN Publications ServicesUnit 219c Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 ODL, United Kingdom Tel: ++44 1223 277894 Fax: ++44 1223 277175 E-mail: [email protected] www: http://www.iucn.org Acatalogue oflUCNpublications isalso available Thetextofthisbookisprintedon90gsmFinebladeExtramadefromlow-chlorinepulp. 31 Table of Contents Foreword vii Executive Summary ix PART A Principles and guidelines for indigenous/traditional peoples and protected areas 1 Introduction 3 Principles and guidelines for indigenous/traditional peoples andprotected areas 7 Annex 1 13 Annex 2 15 Annex 3 17 PARTB Case studies 19 Case studies Introduction 21 Case study I Kaa-Iya del Gran Chaco National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area, Bolivia 29 Case study 2 Cayos Miskitos and Franja Costera Marine Biological Reserve, Nicaragua 41 Case study 3 Sarstoon-TemashNational Park, Belize 5 Case study4 Wood Buffalo National Park, Canada 59 Case study 5 The LapponianArea, Sweden 69 Case study 6 Simen MountainNational Park, Ethiopia 77 Case study 7 Sagarmatha (Mt. Everest) National Park, Nepal 87 Case study 8 Doi InthanonNational Park, Thailand 97 Case study 9 XishuangbannaNature Reserve, China 105 Case study 1 Kytalyk Resource Reserve, Russian Federation 1 1 Case study 11 Kakadu National Park, Australia 123 Digitized by tine Internet Arciiive in 2010 witii funding from UNEP-WCIVIC, Cambridge littp://www.arcliive.org/details/indigenoustraditOObelt Foreword These principles, guidelines and case studies respond to WCC Resolution 1.53 on Indigenous Peoples and Protected Areas, adopted at the lUCN World Conservation Congress in Montreal, October, 1996, which "requests the Director General, the Secretariat and technical programmes. Commissions, members, and Councillors of lUCN, within available re- sources, to endorse, support, participate in and advocate the development and implementation of a clear policy in relation to protected areas es- tablished in indigenous lands and territories", (for full text, see Annex 1 in Part A). Resolution 1.53 is based on recommendations from the IV World Congress on NationalParksandProtectedAreas(Caracas, Venezuela, 1992), callingforthedevelop- ment ofpolicies for protected areas that safeguard the interests ofindigenous peoples, andtakeintoaccountcustomaryresourcepracticesandtraditionallandtenuresystems. While the process ofdeveloping this document was accelerated after the resolution from Montreal, work began in 1995 between the lUCN Co-ordinator for Indigenous Peoples, the Programme on Protected Areas, and the World Commission on Protected WWF Areas (WCPA). In parallel, had been developing their own ideas, building on a seriesofregionalandnationalworkshopswith indigenouspeoples' organisations. Since many ofthe same issues emerged in both the WWF and lUCN consultations on this subject, it was decided to work together in developing a common position. The WWF principles and guidelines were adopted by lUCN and during 1999. They are presented as Part A ofthis publication. In order to fill out this advice, and demonstrate the many ways in which indigenous peoplesandprotectedareasinteractinpractice,asetofelevencasestudieswasprepared at the request of lUCN by the UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring Centre. WWF Substantial support for this work was offered by International, who contributed informationanddrafttextsforseveralcasestudies.Theresultsofthisworkarepresented in Part B. AdrianPhillips Vll
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