Index and Concordance to Alexander Vassiliev's Notebooks and Soviet Cables Deciphered by the ...

486 Pages·2014·2.04 MB·English

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Index and Concordance to
Alexander Vassiliev’s Notebooks and Soviet Cables Deciphered by
the National Security Agency’s Venona Project
[Revised 11/1/2014]
This index and concordance indexes twenty-one volumes of KGB archival material: nine
notebooks written by Alexander Vassiliev and twelve compilations of the Soviet international telegraphic
cables deciphered by the U.S. National Security Agency’s Venona project. Indexed are proper names,
cover names, and organizational titles along with some geographic entities, events, diplomatic
conferences, and subjects. When known, cover names are cross-indexed with the real name behind the
cover name. Brief biographical or explanatory information is provided for significant figures, tradecraft
terminology is defined, and obscure abbreviations expanded.
How to Use this Index
Alexander Vassiliev’s notebooks : This index/concordance indexes the English translations of
Alexander Vassiliev’s nine notebooks. The notebooks are entitled:
Vassiliev Black Notebook
Vassiliev White Notebook #1
Vassiliev White Notebook #2
Vassiliev White Notebook #3
Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1
Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2
Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #3
Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4
Vassiliev Odd Pages
These notebooks are paginated, and an index entry referenced the page of the cited volume. Page
number are in the upper right hand corner of each page. For example, the entry for the cover name
“Achilles” is as follows:
************************************************************************************
“Achilles” [“Akhill”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Karl Dunts. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 27,
100; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 99, 106.
************************************************************************************
“Achilles” is the cover name as it appears in the English translation of Vassiliev’s notebooks.
In this case, “Achilles” appears on pages 27 and 100 of Vassiliev Black Notebook and pages 99 and 106
of Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1. Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks are usually within quotation
marks and are usually in title case with the first letter capitalized. (The Venona project followed a
different convention.)
[“Akhill”] is the Cyrillic Russian original transliterated into the Latin alphabet of the cover name
“Achilles.” “Akhill” does not appear in the translated Vassiliev notebooks in the Latin alphabet but does
appear in Cyrillic Russian in the transcribed and original handwritten versions of Vassiliev’s notebooks.
Since the pagination of all three versions is the same, the page citation to the English translation is also
accurate for the two Cyrillic Russian versions. “Akhill” is in the Latin alphabet with the transliteration
from Cyrillic done using the BGN/PCGN transliteration system.
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Karl Dunts is the real name behind the “Achilles” cover name. In many cases, however, the
real identify of the cover named person is not known. In those cases, the entry indicates that the cover
name is unidentified but may cite something about that person’s attributes if those are given in the text of
Vassiliev’s notebooks.
When the real name behind a cover name is known, there is also an index entry for the real name.
In the of “Achilles”/Dunts, the entry reads:
************************************************************************************
Dunts, Karl Adamovich: Soviet intelligence officer. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Achilles”.
As Dunts: Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 99. As “Achilles”: Vassiliev Black Notebook, 27, 100;
Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 99, 106.
************************************************************************************
As Dunts: Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 99 indicates that he appears under his real name on
page 99 of Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1.
As “Achilles”: Vassiliev Black Notebook, 27, 100; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 99, 106
indicates where he appears under his cover name.
The Venona Decryptions: To facilitate access and indexing, the more than 3,000 cables are
compiled into forty-five volumes according to what Soviet agency was involved and the location of the
field station that send or received the cables. Only the cables between Moscow and its American stations
(which includes most of the cables decoded) are completely indexed. These Moscow-USA cables are
compiled into twelve volumes:
Venona New York KGB 1941-42
Venona New York KGB 1943
Venona New York KGB 1944
Venona New York KGB 1945
Venona Washington KGB
Venona San Francisco KGB
Venona USA GRU
Venona USA Naval GRU
Venona USA Diplomatic
Venona USA Trade
Venona New York/Buenos Aires Secret Writings
Venona Special Studies.
However, Americans and some other significant figures who appear in these Moscow-USA
volumes are also indexed to where they appear in non-USA traffic. There are citations to four non-U.S.
volumes: Venona Mexico City KGB, Venona Ottawa GRU, Venona London KGB, and Venona London
GRU.
These volumes are paginated, and an index entry references the page of the cited volume. Page
number are in the upper right hand corner of each page. For example, the entry for the cover name
ACORN is as follows:
************************************************************************************
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ACORN [ZHOLUD'] (cover name in Venona): Bela (William) Gold. Venona New York KGB 1945 8–9,
16; Venona Special Studies, 27.
************************************************************************************
ACORN is the translated cover name as it appears in the deciphered Venona cables. In this case
ACORN appears on page 8, 9, and 16 of the compiled volumes of decoded cables entitled Venona New
York KGB 1945 and page 27 of Venona Special Studies The Venona project follow the convention of
placing cover names in all capital letters without quotation marks.
[ZHOLUD'] is the Russian original of the translated ACORN. The deciphered cables often
contain both the original Russian in transliterated form and the translation into English. Many cables,
however have only the translation or the transliteration. Consequently both forms are indexed. In this
case there is a separate index entry of ZHOLUD' as well as for ACORN. While Vassiliev’s notebooks
were transliterated with a single transliteration system (BGN/PCGN), the cables of the Venona project
were decrypted and translated over a more than thirty year period by many different cryptanalysts and
translators. Several different transliteration systems were used and there is significant inconsistency in
how Russian names and terms are rendered into the Latin alphabet. In order to simplify the indexing
task, all transliterated cover names appear in the index in all capital letters (following the Venona
convention for the English translation) no matter how it actually appears in the decryption (ZHOLUD',
for examples, appears as ZhOULD'). The transcribed decryptions, however, reproduce exactly the format
of the original Venona project decryption.
Bela (William) Gold is the real name behind the ACORN cover name. In many cases,
however, the real identify of the cover named person is not known. In those cases, the entry indicates
that the cover name is unidentified but may cite something about that person’s attributes if those are
given in the text of the decrypted messages. As with Vassiliev’s notebooks, there is a separate entry for
the real name that cites where the real name occurs and where the cover name (or names) of that person
occurs.
Points to Keep in Mind when Using this Index
Cover names are often changed. Julius Rosenberg, for example, had three different cover
names during his association with the KGB. Each cover name has its own entry with citations to the
pages where it appears. The real name entry cites where the real name appears and repeats the cover
name citations as well.
Cover names are reused. Four different persons, for example, had the cover name “Smith” at
one time or another. When more than one person had the same cover name this index attempts to
separate out the different “Smiths”. Usually this is without difficulty because the multiple uses are well
separated by time or activity. Occasionally, however, it is difficult and in those cases the lack of
certainty is indicated in the entry.
Identifying the real name behind a cover name. Often this is without difficulty because the
text of Vassiliev’s notebooks or the deciphered Venona messages simply provides the real name without
ambiguity. Where the real name is not provided by the text, then the description of that person’s activity,
where he or she worked, where they lived, or what trips they took at a particular time may make
identification possible. In the case of the Venona decryptions, when the text did not provide a real name,
most of the work of identification was done by the FBI whose field agents used the information about the
activities of a cover name to pin down the real person behind it. Often, however, the information was
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insufficient to establish identification. Consequently, more than half of the cover names in this index are
unidentified. When evidence about a cover name suggests an identification but is not conclusive, the
uncertainty is noted.
Two separate but overlapping set of documentation. Vassiliev’s notebooks contain long
quoted extracts and summaries he made of KGB archival material on KGB activities in the United States
from the early 1930s to the early 1950s with some scattered later material as well. The deciphered cables
of the Venona project dated from 1941 to 1950 with the bulk in the period 1943 to 1945. Most are also
about KGB activity in the United States although there are also decoded cables of other Soviet agencies
as well. There is, consequently, a considerable overlap in the two sets of material for KGB activity in the
United States in the 1940s. In a number of cases a passage in Vassiliev’s notebooks turns out to be the
complete text of a Venona cable that was only partially decoded. Vassiliev’s notebooks and the Venona
decryptions have identical real name identification for nearly two hundred cover names. Vassiliev’s
notebooks provide the real names for more than sixty cover names that were unidentified in the Venona
decryptions. The Venona decryptions provide the real names behind nearly thirty cover names that are
unidentified in Vassiliev’s notebooks. Vassiliev’s notebooks correct misidentification of four cover
names in the Venona decryptions.
Partial decoding and partial names . In the case of the Venona decryptions while some
messages were fully decoded, most had passages that were indecipherable and sometimes names were
only partially spelled. These partial spellings are indexed with eclipses indicating the missing letters. In
both the Venona cables and Vassiliev’s notebooks often only the surname of a person is given in the text.
When originally written, this would have been perfectly understandable to those reading the message or
document because they were aware of the identifies of the persons being discussed. And even today,
often the context of the name allows one to attach a given name to a surname without difficulty. Still,
however, there remain numerous surnames where the lack of information about the person prevents the
attachment of a given name and leaves the person named only partially identified. A question mark, ?,
indicates that a given name or, occasionally, a surname, is missing.
The Index
A: Abbreviation for Anglia, i.e. England. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 85.
A Group (or Group “A”): Section of KGB in 1947. Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 84.
“A”: Harry Gold’s designation of “Charles”/Fuchs in a report. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 75.
“A”: Initial for a cover name or a real name connected with KGB plans for use of the music company of
Boris Morros and Alfred Stern. Likely “A” for Alfred Stern in as much as it is paired with “B”
for Boris Morros. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #3, 16–19.
“A” (cover name in Venona): Likely Anna Colloms. Venona analysts were unsure if “A” was a cover
name or an initial used as one. “A” was a courier, and the description of her activities matches
those of Anna Colloms.1 Venona Mexico City KGB, 53, 55, 57.
“A. Serov”: Soviet ship. Venona USA Naval GRU, 19.
“A. Sovorov”: Soviet ship. Venona USA Naval GRU, 125.
———————————
1. “Comintern Apparatus Summary Report, Serial 3702, 15 December 1944,” FBI Comintern
Apparatus File 100–203581; Colloms testimony, U.S. House Committee on Un-American
Activities, American Aspects of Assassination of Leon Trotsky. (Washington: U. S. Govt. Print.
Off., 1951).
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"A" technique: Venona analysts thought this the the manufacture and provision of false papers. Venona
New York KGB 1944, 355.
“A/214” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): ? Marianov. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 10, 18, 23.
A-26: American light bomber. Venona New York KGB 1944, 496.
A’s committee: A for “Astrologer” – Atomic Energy Commission. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #3, 72.
AAA: Agricultural Adjustment Administration, U.S. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2, 1.
AAC: Army Air Corps, U.S. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 99.
AAF: Army Air Force, U.S. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 77, 135.
Aarons, L.A.: Described as Treasury Department representatives in London, 1944. Likely an error for
Lehman C. Aarons, Treasury Department assistant general counsel. Vassiliev White Notebook
#3, 61–63.
Abakumov, Viktor Semenovich: Senior KGB officer, associate of Beria. Head of the KGB (MGB)
1946–1951. Executed in 1954. Vassiliev’s Vassiliev Odd Pages, 20, 28; Vassiliev White
Notebook #2, 44; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2, 49; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 143.
Abbiate, Roland: See Vladimir Pravdin.
Abel, ?: Described as a former KGB foreign intelligence officer slated for infiltration of the German lines
via the battle front, late 1941. Possibly this is KGB officer Rudolf Ivanovich Abel. The passage
in Vassiliev’s notebook lists six former KGB officers as being prepared for infiltration of
German lines in late 1941. In addition to Abel, another listed is ? Fisher. As explained in the
Fisher entry, this may be Vilyam Genrikhovich Fisher, a friend of Abel’s who later used his
name as a pseudonym when arrested by the FBI. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 178.
Aberdeen Proving Grounds: U.S. Army Ordnance Crops testing range for weapons and vehicles.
Vassiliev Black Notebook, 77; Venona New York KGB 1945, 114, 132.
“Able”: see “Gifted”.
“Abner Mash”: U.S. ship. Venona New York KGB 1944, 546; Venona USA Naval GRU, 287.
ABRAHAM [ABRAM] (cover name in Venona): Jack Soble. Venona New York KGB 1944, 572, 574.
ABRAHAM [AVRAAM] (cover name in Venona): Unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Venona New York KGB 1943, 343.
Abraham Lincoln Brigade or Battalion: Refers to the Abraham Lincoln Battalion and other American
units in the International Brigades in the Spanish Civil War. Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 7, 9,
19, 112, 154; Venona New York KGB 1943, 224; Venona New York KGB 1944, 186; Venona
USA GRU, 100.
Abraham Lincoln School: CPUSA adult eduction school in Chicago. Venona Washington KGB, 55.
Abram Case: Comintern official Boris Reinstein was described as involved in the “Abram Case.”
Unclear what the case involved. Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 105.
“Abram” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Jack Soble prior to September 1944 (with occasional
use thereafter into the 1950s). Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 55, 74; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook
#3, 16–17, 65, 76, 82–84, 86–87, 91.
ABRAM (cover name in Venona): Jack Soble. Venona New York KGB 1943, 184, 238, 359; Venona
New York KGB 1944, 69–70, 224–25, 404, 462, 523–24, 572, 574–75, 719; Venona New York
KGB 1945, 30–31; Venona Special Studies, 3, 78, 174. Translated as ABRAHAM: Venona New
York KGB 1944, 572, 574.
Abramov, ?: Described as Comintern official and an “enemy of the people”. Likely Jacob Mirov-
Abramov, former chief of Comintern OMS executed in 1937. (Variant name in the literature
Jacob Abramov-Mirov.) Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 135.
Abramov, Aleksandr Stepanovich: Soviet internal security source. Cover name in Venona: DEMIDOV.
As Abramov and DEMIDOV: Venona San Francisco KGB, 120; Venona Special Studies, 99.
Abramov, Leonid Dmitrievich. Soviet intelligence officer in U.S. from May 1940 to 31 July 1944.
Cover name in Venona: ARTEK. As Abramov: Venona New York KGB 1943, 111, 303; Venona
New York KGB 1944, 97, 101, 236, 239, 318, 355, 514; Venona New York KGB 1945, 195;
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Venona Special Studies, 9. As ARTEK: Venona New York KGB 1943, 111, 302–3; Venona New
York KGB 1944, 72, 96–97, 101, 195, 236, 238–39, 276, 318, 354–55, 514; Venona New York
KGB 1945, 84, 195; Venona Special Studies, 9.
Abramovich, Rafael: Menshevik leader. Venona New York KGB 1943, 88–89; Venona New York KGB
1944, 622–23.
Abrams, ?: Described as director of Interchemical Corporation. Venona New York KGB 1941–42, 62.
Abt, John: Abt appears in Vassiliev’s notebooks with his name misspelled once as “Ant” as well as
correctly spelled as “Abt”. The “Ant” misspelling was in the original KGB document, and a
Vassiliev annotation noted it as a misspelling of “Abt.” Abt’s name appears in the Venona
messages misspelled as “Amt.” Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Bat”. As Abt:
Vassiliev’s Vassiliev Odd Pages, 34; Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 3–4, 37, 73; Vassiliev White
Notebook #3, 44–45, 60, 67–68, 86, 90, 96; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2, 62; Venona New York
KGB 1944, 33, 113. As Amt: Venona New York KGB 1944, 33, 113. As “Bat”: Vassiliev White
Notebook #2, 4. Abt’s sister was Marion Bachrach (cover name “Reyna”), and Abt also appears
“‘Reyna’s’ brother John”: Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 10.
Abwehr: German military intelligence agency. Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 87–88.
“Academic” [“Akademich”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): A 1948 cover name with unclear
meaning, possibly Communist activity or espionage work. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 128.
Academic Council of the Joint Institute on Nuclear Research (USSR). Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 61.
Academy of Sciences (USSR): Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 24, 32, 66; Venona New York KGB 1945,
139; Venona San Francisco KGB, 221; Venona USA Diplomatic, 30.
Acheson, Dean: Senior State Department official and Secretary of State, 1949–53. Vassiliev’s Vassiliev
Odd Pages, 22, 26; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #3, 46, 61, 79–80; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4,
128–29; Venona New York KGB 1943, 136–37; Venona New York KGB 1945, 63, 103.
ACHIEVEMENT [DOSTIZHENIE] (cover name in Venona): A KGB operation involving Mexico,
possibly in reference to attempts to gain release of Trotsky’s assassin. Venona New York KGB
1943, 82–83; Venona New York KGB 1944, 39–40.
ACHILLES [AKHIL] (cover name in Venona): Likely Arthur Adams. ACHILLES was an unidentified
GRU agent in Venona. But ACHILLES is identified as Adams’ GRU cover name during 1939–
1946 in Russian literature on the GRU, and ACHILLES’s activities reported in the Venona
cables fit with FBI surveillance of Adams during World War II.2 Venona USA GRU, 1, 90.
“Achilles” [“Akhill”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Karl Dunts. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 27,
100; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 99, 106.
“Achilles” (cover name in Venona): A speculative decoding of a partially solved cover name. Venona
Special Studies, 174.
“Acorn” [“Zholud'”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Bela (William) Gold. Vassiliev Black
Notebook, 78; Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 6, 68; Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 31, 33;
Vassiliev White Notebook #3, 28, 30–31, 34–35, 38, 42.
ACORN [ZHOLUD'] (cover name in Venona): Bela (William) Gold. Venona New York KGB 1945 8–9,
16; Venona Special Studies, 27.
ACP: American Communist Party. Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 147; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2, 46;
Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 50, 104.
Active measures: Aktivakhi – aktivnye meropriyatiya. Described actions taken to plant disinformation in
the mainstream press and media via ostensibly non-Communist or neutral sources. Vassiliev
Black Notebook, 71, 87; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2, 57–58.
“Actor” [“Akter”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent.
Member of the American Socialist Party, source on Trotskyist movement in 1937, visited
Trotsky in Mexico. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 28.
———————————
2. Vladimir Lota, GRU i Atomnaya Bomba (Moscow, Russia: OLMA-Press, 2002), 192–214.
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ADA (cover name in Venona): Kitty Harris. Venona New York KGB 1943, 362–63; Venona Special
Studies, 3; Venona Mexico City KGB, 3, 11, 64–65, 90–91, 103–4, 120–21, 129, 141–42, 144,
156, 189, 216, 232, 254–56, 261–62, 308, 310, 316, 330–31, 339–41, 343, 353.
“Adam” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Eva Getsov. (“Adam” as a cover name for “Eva”
Getzov looks like a KGB play on words “Adam” and “Eve”.) “Adam” was identified in 1944
and 1945 Venona decryptions as Rebecca Getzoff. While it seems likely, it is not firmly
established that Eva Getsov and Rebecca Getzoff are the same person. “Adam” appears to be
garbled once as “Adams” As “Adam”: Vassiliev Black Notebook, 68, 78, 101, 176; Vassiliev
White Notebook #1, 66, 145; Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 30, 32–33; Vassiliev White Notebook
#3, 74, 80; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 83; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2, 67. As “Adams”:
Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 48.
ADAM (cover name in Venona): “Probably” Rebecca Getzoff. Venona New York KGB 1944, 197–98,
224–25, 251, 271–72; Venona New York KGB 1945, 127; Venona Special Studies, 3.
Adamic, Louis: Slovenian American writer active in left circles, supporter of Tito. Vassiliev White
Notebook #2, 26, 33.
“Adams” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Soviet agent, referred to as a liaison/courier agent in
1942. Likely a garble for “Adam”/Getsov. Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 48.
Adams, Arthur Alexandrovich: Soviet intelligence officer, GRU. Adams, born in Sweden, spend much
of his early life in Russia and joined the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic
Labor Party in the early 1900s. He emigrated to Canada and graduated from the University of
Toronto with a degree in engineering. He then moved to the United States and joined the radical
wing of the Socialist Party. In 1920 he became the head of the technical department of the Soviet
Russian Information Bureau, the new Soviet regime’s unofficial diplomatic office. The U.S.
government shut down the Bureau in 1921 and deported its staff, including Adams. He returned
for several visits in in the late 1920s and early 1930s as a representative of the Soviet aviation
industry. In 1934 he joined the GRU and served as chief of the GRU illegal station in the United
States from 1935 to 1938 and again from 1939 to early 1946. Cover name in Venona:
ACHILLES [AKHIL]. As ACHILLES [AKHIL]: Venona USA GRU, 1, 90–91.
Adams, James Truslow: Well-known American historian. No relation of Josephine Truslow Adams.
Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 40.
Adams, Josephine Truslow: Secret Communist. Adams, who may have been mentally unbalanced,
convinced CPUSA chief Earl Browder that she as a confidant of Eleanor and Franklin Roosevelt
and was a covert communications link between the President and Browder.3 Vassiliev White
Notebook #2, 40; Venona USA GRU, 105.
Adams, Walter S.: American astronomer. Venona New York KGB 1945, 139.
Adana conference: On 30 and 31 January 1943, Britain's Prime Minister Churchill met with Turkey's
President Ismet İnönü in Adana, Turkey to discuss Turkey’s position in World War II. Venona
New York KGB 1943, 108.
Addis, Thomas: Communist and physician at Stanford Medical School. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1,
24.
“Adjutant” [“Ad''yutant”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Herbert Gaston, circa 1944. Vassiliev
White Notebook #1, 115.
“Adler” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified KGB agent/officer, Berlin, 1950. Vassiliev
Yellow Notebook #1, 88.
Adler, Friedrich Wolfgang: Refugee Austrian Social Democrat. Venona New York KGB 1943, 78–79,
84–85.
———————————
3. Harvey Klehr, “The Strange Case of Roosevelt’s ‘Secret Agent’: Frauds, Fools, &
Fantasies,” Encounter [Great Britain] 9, no. 6 (1982): 84–91.
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Adler, Solomon: Soviet intelligence source. Secret Communist and Treasurey Department official.
Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Hello” [“Allo”] (prior to 1941) and “Sachs” [“Saks”]
(1941–1945). Cover name in Venona: SACHS [SAKS]. As Adler: Vassiliev Black Notebook,
78; Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 41; Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 33; Vassiliev White Notebook
#3, 60, 116–18. As “Hello”: Vassiliev Black Notebook, 174. As “Sachs”: Vassiliev Black
Notebook, 43, 78, 174; Vassiliev White Notebook #3, 23, 116; Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 31,
33; Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 30, 34–35, 41, 44, 68. As SACHS [SAKS]: Venona New York
KGB 1945, 11–12, 122; Venona Special Studies, 64.
“Administration” [“Direktsiya”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Bell Telephone Laboratories.
Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 116.
ADN: Allgemeiner Deutscher Nachrichtendienst – General German News Service. State news agency of
the German Democratic Republic. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 58.
Adriatic Sea: Venona New York KGB 1944, 368.
“Advokat” (Russian original of a cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Attorney”.
“Ad''yutant” (Russian original of a cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Adjutant".
AESCULAPIUS [ĒSKULAP] and AESCULAPIUS’s wife (cover name in Venona): Unidentified Soviet
intelligence source/agents. AESCULAPIUS’s wife had some sort of association with the
University of Chicago and with technical or scientific activities. Venona USA GRU, 70, 90.
Af.: Initials for the name of a Soviet intelligence officer known to Boris Morros, possibility the officer
know to him as Afanasy Efimov. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #3, 86, 98.
Afanas'ev, ?: Soviet ship crewman and internal security source. Cover name in Venona: MEL'NOSKIJ.
As Afanas'ev: Venona Special Studies, 108. As MEL'NOSKIJ: Venona San Francisco KGB,
109; Venona Special Studies, 108.
Afanas'ev, ?: Soviet officer. May be Viktor V. Afanas'ev. Venona San Francisco KGB, 100.
AFANAS'EV (cover name in Venona): Ivan Afanas'evich Chuzhin. Venona San Francisco KGB, 120;
Venona Special Studies, 93.
Afanas'ev, Viktor Vasil'evich: Soviet intelligence officer. Chiefly assigned to the Fifth line: KGB
security of Soviet merchant fleet and personnel. Cover as a diplomat at the San Franciso
Consulate. Cover name in Venona: SERGEJ. As Afanas'ev: Venona San Francisco KGB, 100,
165, 198, 201, 205, 207–10, 213–14, 218, 220, 228, 231, 240–41, 243, 246, 249 (spelled as
Afanasiev), 252–54, 256, 260–62, 265–66, 268, 270, 272–75, 278, 283, 286, 290, 294, 302–3,
306, 309–310; Venona New York KGB 1945, 137; Venona Special Studies, 66, 116; Venona USA
Diplomatic, 20, 2. As SERGEJ: Venona New York KGB 1945, 137; Venona San Francisco KGB,
165–66, 198, 200–201, 205, 207–10, 213–14, 217–20, 231, 240–41, 243, 246, 249, 252–54, 256,
260–62, 265–66, 268, 270, 272–75, 278, 283, 286, 290, 294, 302–3, 306, 309–10; Venona
Special Studies, 66, 116.
Afanas'eva, Nina: Nina Jones, the Russian-born wife of Francis Arthur Jones. Venona USA Diplomatic,
24; Venona USA Diplomatic, 71.
Afanasiev: See Viktor V. Afanas'ev. Venona San Francisco KGB, 249.
AFL (A.F.L.): American Federation of Labor. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 2; Venona New York KGB
1944, 41; Venona Washington KGB, 40.
Africa: Vassiliev’s Vassiliev Odd Pages, 31; Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 53; Vassiliev Yellow
Notebook #2, 54; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 147; Venona USA Naval GRU, 114, 204, 239–
41. Also see North Africa, South Africa, and East Africa.
AFSA: Armed Forces Security Agency, U.S. Predecessor to the National Security Agency. Venona
Special Studies, 157, 160.
AFT: AMERIKANSKAYa FEDERATsIYa TRUDA – American Federation of Labor. Venona New
York KGB 1944, 41–42; Venona Washington KGB, 40, 42.
9
Agabekov, Grigory: Soviet intelligence defector and author of Ch.K. za rabotoi [The Cheka at Work] in
1931, which appeared in the U.S. As OGPU, the Russian Secret Terror.4 Vassiliev’s Vassiliev
Odd Pages, 6; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 85.
Agafonov, ?: Soviet diplomatic courier. Venona USA Diplomatic, 62, 68.
Agapov, ?: Unidentified Soviet official. Venona USA Trade, 28.
Agayants, I.: Soviet intelligence officer, Moscow Center. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 93–94, 144.
Ageev, Aleksej Prokhorovich: On the staff of the SGPC. Venona San Francisco KGB, 2–3.
Agentura: KGB collective term for its sources and agents.
Ager, ?: Described as director of Jack Soble’s factory near Paris, 1952. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #3,
88.
“Agnes” [“Agnessoy”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence
source/agent, 1948. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 76.
“Agnessoy” (Russian original of a cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Agnes”.
Agranov, Yakov Samuilovich: Senior KGB officer executed in 1938. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 91,
94, 97.
Agricultural Adjustment Administrations, U.S. (AAA): Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2, 1.
Agricultural Commission in New York: Likely a reference to a CPUSA committee that dealt with
agricultural policy matters. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2, 1, 64.
Agriculture, U.S. Department of: Vassiliev Black Notebook, 2, 56, 68, 77; Vassiliev White Notebook #1,
4; Vassiliev White Notebook #3, 89; Venona New York KGB 1943, 323; Venona New York KGB
1944, 356, 592; Venona Washington KGB, 40.
Aguirre, Francisco: Cuban delegate to the San Francisco U.N. conference. Venona San Francisco KGB,
248.
“Agwi Prince”: U.S. ship. Venona USA Naval GRU, 287.
AHILL: Possible decryption of a cover name. Venona Special Studies, 174.
AHMET: Possible decryption of a cover name. Venona Special Studies, 174.
“Aida” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Likely Esther Trebach Rand. Unidentified in Vassiliev’s
notebooks but identified in Venona as Rand. Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 55.
AIDA (cover name in Venona): Esther Trebach Rand. Venona New York KGB 1944, 82, 462; Venona
Special Studies, 3, 36, 174.
AILERON [ELERON] (cover name in Venona): Abraham George Silverman. Venona New York KGB
1943, 210, 230–31, 236, 314; Venona New York KGB 1944, 461, 583; Venona New York KGB
1945, 8; Venona Special Studies, 81 Venona Special Studies.
“Aileron” [“Eleron”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Abraham George Silverman. Vassiliev
Black Notebook, 77, 189; Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 5, 14, 42, 44, 56, 65, 67–69, 71–73;
Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 31, 33; Vassiliev White Notebook #3, 13, 23–25, 27–28, 31, 33–36,
38, 46, 60; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2, 79–80.
Air Force, U.S.: Vassiliev’s Vassiliev Odd Pages, 18; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #3, 80. Also see Army
Air Corps entry.
AIR UNIT [USTANOVKA VOZDUKHA] and AIR UNITS [USTANOVKI VOZDUKHA] (cover name
in Venona): Reference to jet aircraft and jet engine development. Venona New York KGB 1944,
133, 228, 406–08, 498.
“Air” [“Vozdukh”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Aviation intelligence, particularly jet engines
and jet aircraft. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 68, 117, 119, 136. As VOZDUKH: Venona New
York KGB 1944, 145.
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4. Grigorii Sergeevich Agabekov, Ch. K. Za Rabotoi [The Cheka at Work] (1931). Published
in the U.S. as: G. S. Agabekov, OGPU, the Russian Secret Terror (New York: Brentano’s,
1931).
10
“Aiva” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent, 1950 on
Middle-East / Israeli matters. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 96.
AÏDA: See AIDA. Venona New York KGB 1944, 82.
AJ (cover name in Venona): Mikhail A. Vorontsov. Venona USA Naval GRU, 308, 311, 313, 317, 326,
330–32, 334–35, 340–42, 346, 355–57, 361–62, 364–66, 368–71, 378, 383–84.
AJSBURG (cover name in Venona): See ICEBERG. Venona New York KGB 1945, 89.
Ajzek, Roza: See Rose Isaaks. Venona San Francisco KGB, 245.
“Akademich” (Russian original of a cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Academic”.
Akets, William: Soviet intelligence source/agent. Described as reserve lieutenant of Army Intelligence
Corps, early 1930s. Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Sh-142”. As Akets: Vassiliev Yellow
Notebook #4, 23–24. As “Sh-142”: Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 23.
AKHIL [ACHILLES] (cover name in Venona): Likely Arthur Adams. AKHIL [ACHILLES] was an
unidentified GRU agent in Venona. But ACHILLES is identified as Adams’ GRU cover name
during 1939–1946 in Russian literature on the GRU, and ACHILLES’s activities reported in the
Venona cables fit with FBI surveillance of Adams during World War II.5 Venona USA GRU, 1,
90–91.
“Akhill” (Russian original of a cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): See “Achilles”.
AKHMAD (cover name in Venona): Error for AKHMED. Venona New York KGB 1945, 100.
“Akhmed” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent, cover
name “Thrush” prior to September 1944. Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 55.
AKHMED (cover name in Venona): Unidentified Soviet intelligence source/agent. Venona New York
KGB 1944, 435, 462, 493–94, 610–11, 636–37, 724, 726; Venona New York KGB 1945, 16, 32,
100–101; Venona Special Studies, 10, 25.
Akhmerov, Iskhak Abdulovich: KGB illegal officer. Cover names in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Jung”
[“Yung”] (1930s), “Mer” (1942–1944), “Albert” (starting August 1944), and “Gold”.
Pseudonyms and work names: Michael Green, Alexander Hansen, Mustafa Togmach, “Bill”,
“Will”, “William”, and “Karl”. Cover name in Venona: MAYOR [MER and MĒR]. As
Akhmerov: Vassiliev Black Notebook, 1, 5, 79, 138–39; Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 12, 109;
Vassiliev White Notebook #3, 31, 76; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2, 26, 81, 83; Vassiliev Yellow
Notebook #4, 105; Venona New York KGB 1943, 66, 83, 99, 209; Venona New York KGB 1944,
20–22, 33, 113, 174, 372, 583, 592, 633, 649, 665, 667, 756, 758, 776; Venona New York KGB
1945, 6, 16, 45–46, 63, 71, 108, 121; Venona Special Studies, 5, 49, 81. As “Jung”: Vassiliev
Black Notebook, 1, 27, 36–39, 146, 149, 161, 165, 174; Vassiliev White Notebook #3, 66, 113,
115–22; Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 54; Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 17, 30–31, 57; Vassiliev
Yellow Notebook #4, 105; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2, 5–7, 10, 16–25, 70–73, 75, 81–83. As
“Mer”: Vassiliev Black Notebook, 64–65; Vassiliev White Notebook #3, 13–16, 44–45, 66–70,
86; Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 1–8, 36–37; Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 6, 8–15, 33, 37–38,
45, 53–55, 57, 87, 106, 152; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 42; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #3,
13; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2, 28–29, 32–33, 40, 49, 73, 78. As “Albert”: Vassiliev Black
Notebook, 79; Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 55, 63–74, 153; Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 3, 8,
17–18, 24, 26–27, 31, 39; Vassiliev White Notebook #3, 17–22, 24, 28, 33, 36–37, 39, 42, 46, 53,
55–56, 60, 71, 76–77, 86, 106, 131; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2, 34, 62, 66, 74, 77, 79, 83–85.
As ALBERT: Venona New York KGB 1944, 443, 448, 537, 570–71, 583, 592, 649, 662–65, 667,
690, 721–22, 733, 741, 744, 756, 758, 774–75; Venona New York KGB 1945, 7–8, 12, 15, 19,
21–22, 33–34, 40, 44–46, 63, 71, 80, 94, 107–8, 126–27, 151, 158–59; Venona Special Studies,
5–6. As AL'BERT: Venona New York KGB 1944, 443, 582–83, 591–92, 648–49, 665–67, 722,
734, 758, 774 776; Venona New York KGB 1945, 7–10, 16, 46; Venona Special Studies, 5–6, 50.
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5. Vladimir Lota, GRU i Atomnaya Bomba (Moscow, Russia: OLMA-Press, 2002), 192–214.